Northampton County, PA: risk-assessment baseline packet, release 2026-10

Summary

Plan status as of 2026-09-30: No county-level plan row in FEMA data.

Highest expected annual loss (FEMA National Risk Index, modeled total; see B1-a): Inland Flooding ($62,981,267 a year), Heat Wave ($5,324,195) and Hurricane ($5,254,088).

The tables that follow are organized by the items of FEMA's Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool, Element B (B1-a to B2-c); each heading says which item its tables support.

Terms used

EAL:: expected annual loss: FEMA's modeled average yearly loss from a hazard.
NRI:: FEMA's National Risk Index (version 1.20, December 2025).
NFIP:: National Flood Insurance Program.
RL, SRL:: repetitive loss and severe repetitive loss: flood-insured properties with repeated claims (definitions in B2-c).
FMA, HMGP:: Flood Mitigation Assistance and Hazard Mitigation Grant Program, FEMA mitigation grants.
PA:: FEMA Public Assistance: disaster aid to governments and some nonprofits.
Zone-level:: NOAA logged the event for a National Weather Service forecast zone, which may include parts of neighboring counties.
County-coded:: NOAA logged the event to this county.
FIPS:: the federal code for a place; 42095 is this area.
D0 to D4:: U.S. Drought Monitor categories, from abnormally dry (D0) to exceptional drought (D4).
F/EF, EFU:: Fujita and Enhanced Fujita tornado ratings; EFU is an unrated tornado.
kt, CONUS:: knots (1 kt is about 1.15 mph); the contiguous United States.
CFR:: Code of Federal Regulations.
A4-a, E1-a:: other items of FEMA's Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool (sources, and changes since the last plan).
Dollars:: nominal (as reported, labeled with the year), not adjusted for inflation.

Plan clock

No county-level plan row in FEMA data

What changed since your last plan

Not available. No county-level plan row in FEMA data, so there is no approval date to count from.

Sources: 1, 2, 4, 6 (numbered list at the end)

Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county: 37 rows, in the section "Plan clock: Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county" on the following pages.

State plan status and tribal plans in this state: see the state page.

Plan clock

Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county

Source: 1

Jurisdiction	Type	Status	Plan	Approved	Expires	Days to expirynegative = days since expiry	Update underway	Notes
Bangor borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2024-11-13
Bath borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2025-03-10
Bethlehem city	City	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2025-01-18
Chapman borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2024-11-04
East Bangor borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2025-01-07
Easton city	City	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2024-12-11
Freemansburg borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2024-12-17
Glendon borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2025-02-13
Hellertown borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2024-10-21
Nazareth borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2024-10-07
North Catasauqua borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2024-10-21
Northampton borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2025-08-07
Pen Argyl borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2024-11-06
Portland borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2025-03-04
Roseto borough	Organized Borough	Plan 109074 approved 2024-10-17, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074), pending adoption here	2024-10-17 by FEMA; not yet adopted here	2029-10-16 once adopted		FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan.
Stockertown borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2024-12-04
Tatamy borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2024-11-04
Walnutport borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2024-12-12
West Easton borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2025-02-10
Wilson borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2024-10-28
Wind Gap borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2025-01-21
Allen township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2024-12-10
Bethlehem township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2024-12-02
Bushkill township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2024-11-07
East Allen township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2024-10-24
Forks township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112
Hanover township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2024-10-22
Lehigh township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2024-11-12
Lower Mount Bethel township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2024-12-16
Lower Nazareth township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2024-10-23
Lower Saucon township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2024-12-18
Moore township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2024-11-12
Palmer township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2025-02-24
Plainfield township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2024-12-11
Upper Mount Bethel township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2024-11-25
Upper Nazareth township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2024-11-06
Williams township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Lehigh-Northampton Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 109074)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112		this jurisdiction approved 2024-12-11

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-a: hazard identification

Hazards NRI does not cover (local data needed)

dam failure (incl. upstream dams)
levee failure
flash flood as its own subtype
ice jams
debris flows
erosion (riverine and coastal)
land subsidence and sinkholes
expansive soils

The 18 National Risk Index hazards, ranked by expected annual loss (EAL)

Sources: 5, 6

Rank by EAL	Hazard	NRI risk rating	EAL rating	EAL buildingsmodeled dollars per year	EAL agriculturemodeled dollars per year	Cost of expected deaths and injuriesFEMA's dollar value per year, not property damage	EAL total (see note)modeled dollars per year	Storm Events records, 1996 to 2026-06-30count	Storm Events coverage note
1	Inland Flooding	Relatively High	Relatively High	$62,871,152	$25,990	$84,124	$62,981,267	137
2	Heat Wave	Relatively Moderate	Relatively Moderate	$2	$91	$5,324,101	$5,324,195	66
3	Hurricane	Relatively Moderate	Relatively Moderate	$4,956,369	$86,001	$211,718	$5,254,088	2
4	Cold Wave	Relatively Moderate	Relatively High	$432	$484	$4,976,868	$4,977,784	36	Includes 3 Frost/Freeze records (outside NRI's Cold Wave definition; counted in this table and in B1-d, not in the B1-e descriptor).
5	Tornado	Relatively Moderate	Relatively Moderate	$2,224,914	$465	$2,209,617	$4,434,996	3
6	Earthquake	Relatively Low	Relatively Low	$2,204,483	n/a	$615,048	$2,819,530		Storm Events does not record earthquakes.
7	Lightning	Relatively High	Relatively High	$142,205	n/a	$1,393,011	$1,535,216	60
8	Strong Wind	Relatively Moderate	Relatively Moderate	$1,190,584	$2,475	$287,920	$1,480,979	435	Includes 36 High Wind and 87 Strong Wind records (NOAA non-thunderstorm wind types, outside NRI's Strong Wind definition).
9	Winter Weather	Relatively High	Very High	$139,221	$20	$801,249	$940,490	311	Includes 4 Sleet records (outside NRI's Winter Weather definition).
10	Ice Storm	Relatively Moderate	Relatively Moderate	$35,154	n/a	$223,828	$258,981	4
11	Drought	Relatively Low	Relatively Low	n/a	$228,214	n/a	$228,214	43
12	Hail	Very Low	Very Low	$44,787	$22,063	$40,314	$107,164	60
13	Wildfire	Very Low	Very Low	$11,738	$2	$2,061	$13,802	19
14	Landslide	Relatively Low	Relatively Low	$8,760	n/a	$2,554	$11,314	0	Declared 1 time; no Storm Events record of this type.
15	Avalanche	Very Low	Very Low	under $1	n/a	$173	$173	0	No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).

Total = buildings + agriculture + population equivalence; FEMA values each expected death (or 10 injuries) at $13.7 million (2024 dollars).

NRI risk rating combines expected annual loss with social vulnerability and community resilience; EAL rating rates expected annual loss alone. Both compare this county with all U.S. counties.

Local data needed: state and local landslide records (Storm Events records this hazard only in part).

Not applicable to this county per NRI, with no federal declaration and no Storm Events record since 1996: coastal flooding, tsunami and volcanic activity. That is the evidence for leaving them out of the plan.

The state hazard mitigation plan also lists hazards for this county; FEMA asks the plan to explain any hazard it leaves out.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-b: hazard location

Affects the whole county (national data give no location within it): Cold Wave, Drought, Hail, Heat Wave, Ice Storm, Lightning, Strong Wind and Winter Weather.

Inland Flooding: The FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) is the required location source for flooding. See the FEMA Flood Map Service Center (https://msc.fema.gov) for this county.

Hazards that vary within the county: highest-rated census tracts

Source: 5

Hazard	Highest-rated census tractsNRI risk rating, score 0 to 100
Avalanche	tract 153 (Very Low, 25.4); tract 167 (Very Low, 23.8); tract 182 (Very Low, 23.3)
Earthquake	tract 172 (Relatively Moderate, 80.3); tract 177.04 (Relatively Low, 75.1); tract 176.05 (Relatively Low, 74.4)
Hurricane	tract 113 (Relatively Moderate, 83.2); tract 176.05 (Relatively Moderate, 82.9); tract 177.04 (Relatively Moderate, 82.4)
Landslide	tract 181 (Relatively Low, 95.4); tract 180.01 (Relatively Low, 92.8); tract 154 (Relatively Low, 92.1)
Tornado	tract 177.04 (Relatively Moderate, 67.3); tract 172 (Relatively Moderate, 64.7); tract 167 (Relatively Moderate, 62.3)
Wildfire	tract 153 (Very Low, 66.7); tract 155 (Very Low, 65.3); tract 158.02 (Very Low, 64.9)

Up to 3 census tracts per hazard, highest National Risk Index rating first, then highest score; a tract number is the Census tract number (for example 153 is Census Tract 153). FEMA's Resilience Analysis and Planning Tool maps the National Risk Index for every tract: https://www.fema.gov/emergency-managers/practitioners/resilience-analysis-and-planning-tool

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-c: hazard extent

Extent: scale, observed range and worst recorded event per hazard

Sources: 6, 7

Hazard	Scale	Recordscount and years	Observed range	Worst recorded event	Most damaging (when different)	How it applies to jurisdictions	Note
Avalanche	none (count and damage only)	0
Cold/Wind Chill, Extreme Cold/Wind Chill	wind chill	33 records, 1996 to 2022 (33 zone-level)	1 day to 16 days (median 1 day); 27 with a recorded value	16 consecutive days, 2003-01-14 to 2003-01-29, zone-level		Countywide (zone-level records).	Cold/Wind Chill records from May to September (a frost night, not a cold wave) are counted but not used for the longest run.
Frost/Freeze (outside NRI's Cold Wave definition)	crop damage	3 records, 2007 to 2016 (3 zone-level)		Frost/Freeze, 2016-04-05, $10,000 crop damage (2016 dollars); NWS zone PAZ062		Countywide (zone-level records).
Drought	U.S. Drought Monitor scale (D0 to D4)	43 records, 1997 to 2010 (43 zone-level)	1 day to 385 days (median 21 days); 17 with a recorded value	385 days (about 12.6 months), 2001-11-06 to 2002-11-25, a run of 13 consecutive Storm Events drought records, zone-level		Countywide (zone-level records).	Storm Events enters a drought at D2 or worse east of the Rockies and D3 or worse from the Rockies west (NWS Instruction 10-1605); NRI drought counts D3 and D4 only.
Earthquake	Modified Mercalli (local data)	0					Storm Events does not record earthquakes; the USGS earthquake catalog is the source.
Hail	hail size (inches)	69 records, 1975 to 2025	0.75 in to 2 in (median 1 in); 69 with a recorded value	2 in hail, 2007-08-17		Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Bethlehem city (10 records), Bethlehem township (10 records), Easton city (3 records), Glendon borough (3 records), Nazareth borough (3 records), Bath borough (2 records), Tatamy borough (2 records), Walnutport borough (2 records), Chapman borough (1 record), Freemansburg borough (1 record); and 1 more jurisdiction (see the Excel file).
Excessive Heat, Heat	heat index (in event narratives)	66 records, 1996 to 2025 (66 zone-level)	1 day to 10 days (median 3 days); 43 with a recorded value	10 consecutive days, 2002-08-11 to 2002-08-20, zone-level		Countywide (zone-level records).	Heat records from November to March (unseasonable warmth, not a heat wave) are counted but not used for the longest run.
Hurricane, Tropical Storm, Tropical Depression	Saffir-Simpson	2 records, 2011 to 2020 (2 zone-level)		Strongest recorded: Tropical Storm record, 2011-08-27 to 2011-08-28, $750,000 property; $0 crops (2011 dollars); NWS zone PAZ062		Countywide (zone-level records).	Storm Events files every zone of a storm's episode under the storm's type; flooding from the storm is filed as Flood or Flash Flood records.
Ice Storm	Sperry-Piltz ice scale (local data)	4 records, 1996 to 2005 (4 zone-level)		No damage reported in 4 records.		Countywide (zone-level records).
Flash Flood, Flood, Lakeshore Flood	damage and flood days (flood depth: FIRM)	137 records, 1996 to 2025 (10 zone-level)		Flood, 2005-04-02, $40,000,000 property; crops not reported (2005 dollars); NWS zone PAZ062		Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Bethlehem city (19 records), Bethlehem township (19 records), Easton city (7 records), Walnutport borough (7 records), Freemansburg borough (4 records), Glendon borough (4 records), Stockertown borough (4 records), Chapman borough (2 records), Nazareth borough (2 records), Roseto borough (2 records); and 7 more jurisdictions (see the Excel file). Zone-level records (10) apply countywide.	Flood depth: see the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map. Storm Events damage is often $0 or blank for floods, major ones included; FEMA Public Assistance by declaration (B1-d) shows which floods cost the most.
Debris Flow	none (count and damage only)	0
Lightning	annualized frequency (the measure FEMA's Local Mitigation Planning Handbook names)	60 records, 1996 to 2022		Lightning, 2009-08-05, $0 property; $0 crops (2009 dollars), 1 direct death	Lightning, 2007-08-25, $1,250,000 property; $0 crops (2007 dollars)	Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Easton city (9 records), Bethlehem city (8 records), Bethlehem township (8 records), Bath borough (3 records), Nazareth borough (3 records), Wilson borough (3 records), Glendon borough (2 records), Wind Gap borough (2 records), Bangor borough (1 record), Hellertown borough (1 record); and 2 more jurisdictions (see the Excel file).	Storm Events lists lightning with damage or casualties.
High Wind and Strong Wind (outside NRI's Strong Wind definition)	wind speed (kt and mph)	123 records, 1996 to 2025 (123 zone-level)	35 kt (40 mph) to 67 kt (77 mph) (median 40 kt (46 mph)); 95 with a recorded value	67 kt (77 mph) measured gust, High Wind, 2012-10-29; NWS zone PAZ062	High Wind, 2009-02-12, $1,250,000 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2009 dollars)	Countywide (zone-level records).
Thunderstorm Wind	wind speed (kt and mph)	390 records, 1958 to 2026	30 kt (35 mph) to 87 kt (100 mph) (median 50 kt (58 mph)); 331 with a recorded value	87 kt (100 mph) estimated, Thunderstorm Wind, 2000-05-13	Thunderstorm Wind, 2007-07-10, $1,000,000 property; $0 crops (2007 dollars)	Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Bethlehem city (27 records), Bethlehem township (27 records), Easton city (20 records), Nazareth borough (17 records), Bangor borough (14 records), Hellertown borough (12 records), Bath borough (10 records), Glendon borough (7 records), Wind Gap borough (7 records), Stockertown borough (6 records); and 11 more jurisdictions (see the Excel file).
Tornado	Enhanced Fujita (Fujita before Feb 2007)	13 records, 1973 to 2025	F/EF0 to F/EF3 (median F/EF1); 13 with a recorded value	F3 tornado, 1981-07-26, 3.3 mi path length (whole path, pre-1996), 50 yd wide, $250,000 property; crops not recorded (1981 dollars), 2 direct injuries	Tornado, 1983-08-11, $25,000,000 property; crops not recorded (1983 dollars)	Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Bangor borough (1 record).	Before 1996 a tornado is listed once, under the county where it began, with its whole path's rating and length; from 1996 on, each county lists its own segment. Length is not used to rank tornadoes (see Methods).
Wildfire	acres burned (local data)	19 records, 2000 to 2015 (15 zone-level)		Wildfire, 2007-04-23, $1,200,000 property; $0 crops (2007 dollars); NWS zone PAZ062		Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Chapman borough (1 record). Zone-level records (15) apply countywide.
Winter Storm, Heavy Snow, Blizzard, Lake-Effect Snow, Winter Weather, Sleet	none in data (snowfall: local data)	311 records, 1996 to 2026 (311 zone-level)		Heavy Snow, 2003-02-16, $1,000,000 property; crops not reported (2003 dollars); NWS zone PAZ062		Countywide (zone-level records).

Where a hazard names more than 10 jurisdictions, the table lists the 10 with the most records; every one is in the Excel file, sheet "B1-c Extent".

In event narratives only (local data needed): wind chill, temperature, heat index, ice thickness, acres burned and snow depth; any physical measure of avalanche, debris flow and lightning.

Storm Events records are more complete after 1996; before 1996 only Tornado (from 1950), Hail and Thunderstorm Wind (from 1955) exist. Zone-level records from zones that no NWS zone-county file places in this county (mostly before 2020) are not counted here (the Methods page explains the zone matching).

Dollars are nominal (as reported), labeled with the year; not adjusted for inflation.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-d: previous occurrences

Federal declarations for this county: 24 declarations covering 17 separate hazard incidents counted in this packet (declarations for the same incident count once; non-natural and evacuation-only declarations are not counted).

No county-level plan row in FEMA data, so there is no approval date to count from.

Federal disaster declarations for this county

Sources: 1, 2, 3

Declared	Incident began	FEMA number	Type	Title	Mapped hazard	County Public Assistancefederal share obligated, nominal dollars	Notes
2021-09-10	2021-08-31	DR-4618-PA	Major disaster	Remnants of Hurricane Ida	Hurricane	PA not declared for this county
2020-03-30	2020-01-20	DR-4506-PA	Major disaster	COVID-19 Pandemic	Non-natural, not counted	$18,045,176.69
2020-03-13	2020-01-20	EM-3441-PA	Emergency	COVID-19	Non-natural, not counted	no Public Assistance recorded	same incident as DR-4506
2018-11-27	2018-08-10	DR-4408-PA	Major disaster	Severe Storms and Flooding	Inland Flooding	$601,375.91
2016-03-23	2016-01-22	DR-4267-PA	Major disaster	Severe Winter Storm and Snowstorm	Winter Weather	$1,504,905.79
2013-01-10	2012-10-26	DR-4099-PA	Major disaster	Hurricane Sandy	Hurricane	$1,097,600.26
2012-10-29	2012-10-26	EM-3356-PA	Emergency	Hurricane Sandy	Hurricane	no Public Assistance recorded	same incident as DR-4099
2011-09-12	2011-09-03	DR-4030-PA	Major disaster	Tropical Storm Lee	Inland Flooding (primary); also designated: Hurricane	$487,676.70
2011-09-08	2011-09-03	EM-3340-PA	Emergency	Remnants of Tropical Storm Lee	Inland Flooding (primary); also designated: Hurricane	no Public Assistance recorded	same incident as DR-4030
2011-09-03	2011-08-26	DR-4025-PA	Major disaster	Hurricane Irene	Hurricane	$1,360,255.92
2011-08-29	2011-08-26	EM-3339-PA	Emergency	Hurricane Irene	Hurricane	no Public Assistance recorded	same incident as DR-4025
2006-06-30	2006-06-23	DR-1649-PA	Major disaster	Severe Storms, Flooding, and Mudslides	Inland Flooding; Landslide	$1,346,198.76
2005-09-10	2005-08-29	EM-3235-PA	Emergency	Hurricane Katrina	Hurricane: evacuation support, not a local hazard event; not counted	no Public Assistance recorded
2005-04-14	2005-04-02	DR-1587-PA	Major disaster	Severe Storms and Flooding	Inland Flooding	$1,833,691.68
2004-09-19	2004-09-17	DR-1557-PA	Major disaster	Tropical Depression Ivan	Hurricane	$5,245,458.74
2004-09-19	2004-09-08	DR-1555-PA	Major disaster	Severe Storms and Flooding Associated with Tropical Depression Frances	Hurricane; Inland Flooding: designated for Hazard Mitigation only (no Public or Individual Assistance for this county); not counted	PA not declared for this county
2003-03-14	2003-02-14	EM-3180-PA	Emergency	Snow	Winter Weather	$458,149.67
1996-01-21	1996-01-19	DR-1093-PA	Major disaster	Severe Storms and Flooding	Inland Flooding	no Public Assistance recorded
1996-01-13	1996-01-06	DR-1085-PA	Major disaster	Blizzard of 96	Winter Weather	no Public Assistance recorded
1994-03-10	1994-01-04	DR-1015-PA	Major disaster	Severe Winter Storms	Winter Weather	no Public Assistance recorded
1993-03-16	1993-03-13	EM-3105-PA	Emergency	Severe Snowfall & Winter Storm	Winter Weather	no Public Assistance recorded
1973-07-17	1973-07-17	DR-400-PA	Major disaster	Severe Storms & Flooding	Inland Flooding	no Public Assistance recorded
1972-06-23	1972-06-23	DR-340-PA	Major disaster	Tropical Storm Agnes	Inland Flooding (primary); also designated: Hurricane	no Public Assistance recorded
1965-08-18	1965-08-18	DR-206-PA	Major disaster	Water Shortage	Drought	no Public Assistance recorded

County Public Assistance: applicants the FEMA record places in this county, including any state agencies FEMA files there; statewide rows are listed on the state page; federal share obligated, nominal dollars.

Statewide declarations

Source: 2

Declared	Incident began	FEMA number	Type	Title	Mapped hazard
2003-08-23	2003-07-21	DR-1485-PA	Major disaster	Severe Storms, Tornadoes, and Flooding	Inland Flooding; Tornado
1959-01-23	1959-01-23	DR-89-PA	Major disaster	Floods	Inland Flooding
1956-08-09	1956-08-09	DR-61-PA	Major disaster	Storm	Hazard not mapped (severe storm title names no single hazard); not counted
1956-05-21	1956-05-21	DR-58-PA	Major disaster	Severe Storm	Hazard not mapped (severe storm title names no single hazard); not counted
1956-03-15	1956-03-15	DR-51-PA	Major disaster	Flood	Inland Flooding
1955-08-20	1955-08-20	DR-40-PA	Major disaster	Floods & Rains	Inland Flooding

FEMA recorded these with designated area Statewide and no county, so they are listed on every county page in the state and not counted with county rows. Local data needed: whether each one affected this county.

Previous occurrences by hazard, with explicit no-event rows

Sources: 2, 6, 7

Hazard	Storm Events records, all years on file(years in the Period column)	Last 5 yearsrecords	Declared incidents, all yearsseparate disasters	Period	Statement
Avalanche	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Cold Wave	36	1	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	Includes 3 Frost/Freeze records.
Drought	43	0	1	1996 to 2026-06-30
Earthquake	0	0	0		Storm Events does not record earthquakes; the USGS earthquake catalog is the source.
Hail	69	12	0	1955 to 2026-06-30
Heat Wave	66	1	0	1996 to 2026-06-30
Hurricane	2	0	6	1996 to 2026-06-30
Ice Storm	4	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30
Inland Flooding	137	18	7	1996 to 2026-06-30
Landslide	0	0	1	1996 to 2026-06-30	No Storm Events records of this type; 1 federal declared incident (see declarations table)
Lightning	60	1	0	1996 to 2026-06-30
Strong Wind	513	46	0	1955 to 2026-06-30	Includes 36 High Wind and 87 Strong Wind records.
Tornado	13	2	0	1950 to 2026-06-30
Wildfire	19	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30
Winter Weather	311	37	5	1996 to 2026-06-30	Includes 4 Sleet records.

Notable Storm Events records

Sources: 1, 6, 7

Date	Event type	Magnitude or extent	Damagenominal dollars	Deaths, injuriesdirect only	Location	Why listed
2016-04-05	Frost/Freeze		property not reported; $10,000 crops (zone total, 2016 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone PAZ062 (NORTHAMPTON), zone-level	B1-c worst recorded: Frost/Freeze
2012-10-29	High Wind	67 kt (77 mph) measured gust	$1,000,000 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2012 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone PAZ062 (NORTHAMPTON), zone-level	B1-c worst recorded: High Wind and Strong Wind
2011-08-27	Tropical Storm		$750,000 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2011 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone PAZ062 (NORTHAMPTON), zone-level	B1-c worst recorded: Hurricane, Tropical Storm, Tropical Depression
2009-08-05	Lightning		$0 property; $0 crops (2009 dollars)	1, 0	FARMERSVILLE	deaths or injuries recorded
2007-02-13	Winter Storm		$0 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2007 dollars)	1, 0	NWS zone PAZ062 (NORTHAMPTON), zone-level	deaths or injuries recorded
2005-04-02	Flood		$40,000,000 property; crops not reported (zone total, 2005 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone PAZ062 (NORTHAMPTON), zone-level	B1-c worst recorded: Flash Flood, Flood, Lakeshore Flood
2005-01-23	Cold/Wind Chill		damage not reported	1, 0	NWS zone PAZ062 (NORTHAMPTON), zone-level	deaths or injuries recorded
2003-02-16	Heavy Snow		$1,000,000 property; crops not reported (zone total, 2003 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone PAZ062 (NORTHAMPTON), zone-level	B1-c worst recorded: Winter Storm, Heavy Snow, Blizzard, Lake-Effect Snow, Winter Weather, Sleet
2003-01-14	Cold/Wind Chill		damage not reported	0, 0	NWS zone PAZ062 (NORTHAMPTON), zone-level	B1-c worst recorded: Cold/Wind Chill, Extreme Cold/Wind Chill
2002-08-11	Heat		damage not reported	0, 0	NWS zone PAZ062 (NORTHAMPTON), zone-level	B1-c worst recorded: Excessive Heat, Heat
2000-05-13	Thunderstorm Wind	87 kt (100 mph) estimated	$500,000 property; crops not reported (2000 dollars)	0, 0	BETHLEHEM	B1-c worst recorded: Thunderstorm Wind
1981-07-26	Tornado	F3, 3.3 mi path length (whole path, pre-1996), 50 yd wide	$250,000 property; crops not recorded (1981 dollars)	0, 2	location not recorded	B1-c worst recorded: Tornado

The full list is in the Excel file, sheet "B1-d Storm Events history" (1,273 rows).

Location is the place NOAA recorded, as written in its data; it need not be a jurisdiction in this plan.

Local data needed: state-declared emergencies, from your state emergency management agency (federal data do not include them).

FEMA's declaration data list no tribal or special-area declarations for this state.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-e: probability of future events

Probability: FEMA annualized frequency and descriptor per hazard

Sources: 5, 6

Hazard	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)unit per row	Unit	In plain terms	Descriptor	Descriptor basis	NRI events or days in its record period (hail, wind and tornado are area-weighted, so can be fractional)	NRI period	Location	Note
Avalanche	0.01	events per year	about 1 in 100 years	Possible	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	0	1994 to 2023 (30 years)	see B1-f	0.01 is NRI's minimum avalanche frequency for a county in an avalanche susceptibility zone; NRI records no avalanche here, so the descriptor reflects the floor, not local events.
Cold Wave	1	event-day per year	about 1 day per year	Likely	Storm Events event-days in 13 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (43.3%)	19	2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years)	countywide
Drought	1.86	event-days per year	about 1.86 days per year	Likely	Storm Events event-days in 10 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (33.3%)	56	2000 to 2025 (25.25 years; D3 and D4 only)	countywide
Earthquake	0.00134	annual probability at a location	chance a given location in the county has at least minor-damage shaking in a year: 0.134%			not shown	modeled	see B1-f	No descriptor (Storm Events does not record earthquakes).
Hail	2.57	events per year	about 2.57 per year	Highly likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	97.6 (modeled)	1986 to 2023 (38 years)	countywide
Heat Wave	5.95	event-days per year	about 5.95 days per year	Likely	Storm Events event-days in 21 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (70%)	89	2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years)	countywide
Hurricane	0.0557	events per year	about 1 in 18 years	Possible	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	18	1851 to 2024 (Atlantic)	see B1-f	NRI counts hurricane and tropical storm tracks passing within storm-force wind range; federal declarations are in B1-d.
Ice Storm	1.67	event-days per year	about 1.67 days per year	Likely	Storm Events event-days in 4 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (13.3%)	112	1946-12-31 to 2014-02-12 (67 years)	countywide
Inland Flooding	3.32	event-days per year	about 3.32 days per year	Highly likely	Storm Events event-days in 27 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (90%)	93	1996 to 2023 (28 years)	see B1-f
Landslide	0.242	events per year (modeled)	about 1 in 4 years	Likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	not shown	modeled	see B1-f
Lightning	34.6	days per year with a strike	about 34.6 days per year	Highly likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	not shown	1995 to 2023 (29 years; CONUS)	countywide
Strong Wind	6.13	events per year	about 6.13 per year	Highly likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	233	1986 to 2023 (38 years)	countywide
Tornado	0.169	events per year	about 1 in 6 years	Likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	not shown	1950 to 2023 (EF2+); 1986 to 2023 (EF0-1)	see B1-f
Wildfire	0.0000445	annual probability at a location	chance a given location in the county burns in a year: 0.00445%	Likely	Storm Events records in 9 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (30%)	not shown	modeled	see B1-f
Winter Weather	14.2	event-days per year	about 14.2 days per year	Highly likely	Storm Events event-days in 30 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (100%)	270	2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years)	countywide

FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) is the National Risk Index v1.20 (December 2025) estimate of how often a hazard affects this county in a year; it is not recorded events divided by years, and its unit differs by hazard (events, event-days, or days with a lightning strike per year). For earthquake, wildfire, coastal flooding and tsunami the value is the chance (or number of events) at a location in the county, not across the county, so no "1 in N years" is given and the descriptor comes from Storm Events where it has a record (none for earthquake). The Methods page gives each hazard's method, from FEMA's National Risk Index Technical Documentation v1.20.

Where NRI gives event-days, the descriptor comes from the share of years with a Storm Events record; NRI's source records more events, so the two differ.

Descriptor scale used in this packet (defined per unit)

Sources: 5, 6

Unit	Descriptor	Definition
events per year	Highly likely	1 or more per year
events per year	Likely	about once in 1 to 10 years
events per year	Possible	about once in 10 to 100 years
events per year	Unlikely	less than once in 100 years
annual probability	Likely	10% to under 100% chance in a given year
annual probability	Possible	1% to under 10% chance in a given year
annual probability	Unlikely	under 1% chance in a given year
event-days (share of years)	Highly likely	event-days recorded in 90% or more of years
event-days (share of years)	Likely	event-days recorded in 10% to under 90% of years
event-days (share of years)	Possible	event-days recorded in some years but under 10% of years
lightning strike-days	Highly likely	cloud-to-ground strikes on 1 or more days per year

Intensity bands: historical frequency (Storm Events)

Source: 6

Hazard	Band	Years	Eventscounty-coded records	Years in period	Events per yearevents / years
Hail	1.00-1.99 in	1996 to 2025	30	30	1
Hail	2.00 in+	1996 to 2025	1	30	0.0333
Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind)	50-64 kt	1996 to 2025	298	30	9.93
Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind)	65 kt+	1996 to 2025	2	30	0.0667
Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind)	unmeasured or below 50 kt	1996 to 2025	9	30	0.3
Tornado	EF0-1	1996 to 2025	2	30	0.0667
Tornado	EF2-3	1996 to 2025	1	30	0.0333
Tornado	EF4-5	1996 to 2025	0	30	0
Tornado	unrated (EFU)	1996 to 2025	0	30	0

The bands show how often events of each severity were recorded in this county, to profile how severe events have been (FEMA's probability item asks for the range of intensities).

Hail smaller than 1 inch is not counted: on 2010-01-05 the National Weather Service raised its severe-hail threshold from 3/4 inch to 1 inch, so smaller reports became less common after 2009 (NWS Service Change Notice 09-52). NRI hail frequency uses a 0.75 inch threshold.

Optional: future conditions. Not a required item in the 2025 FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Policy Guide; some states ask for it. The federal Climate Mapping for Resilience and Adaptation (CMRA) site gives county exposure to future climate conditions (https://resilience.climate.gov/).

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-f: hazards that vary across jurisdictions

Range of census tract risk within the county

Source: 5

Hazard	Tractsrated of all	NRI risk score, 0 to 100			Tracts by rating
Hazard	Tractsrated of all	Min	Median	Max	Tracts by rating
Avalanche	11 of 74	17.5	21.9	25.4	Very Low 11, Not Applicable 63
Cold Wave	74 of 74	33.2	53.7	78.2	Relatively High 1, Relatively Moderate 58, Relatively Low 15
Drought	44 of 74	67.3	81.5	91.9	Relatively Low 25, Very Low 19, No Rating 30
Earthquake	74 of 74	30.6	50.3	80.3	Relatively Moderate 1, Relatively Low 53, Very Low 20
Hail	74 of 74	13.3	23.3	39.8	Relatively Low 2, Very Low 72
Heat Wave	74 of 74	34.9	66.3	89.2	Relatively High 4, Relatively Moderate 59, Relatively Low 11
Hurricane	74 of 74	57.5	71.6	83.2	Relatively Moderate 8, Relatively Low 66
Ice Storm	74 of 74	18.5	38.2	64.9	Relatively Low 49, Very Low 25
Inland Flooding	74 of 74	12.8	61.9	96.3	Very High 1, Relatively High 17, Relatively Moderate 29, Relatively Low 25, Very Low 2
Landslide	74 of 74	21.0	59.2	95.4	Relatively Low 16, Very Low 58
Lightning	74 of 74	37.2	64.5	91.2	Relatively High 15, Relatively Moderate 53, Relatively Low 6
Strong Wind	74 of 74	29.1	51.1	79.6	Relatively Moderate 30, Relatively Low 44
Tornado	74 of 74	31.7	46.0	67.3	Relatively Moderate 15, Relatively Low 59
Wildfire	73 of 74	18.5	39.4	66.7	Very Low 73, No Rating 1
Winter Weather	74 of 74	63.2	83.9	95.9	Very High 1, Relatively High 59, Relatively Moderate 14

Drought: Agriculture is all of NRI's expected annual loss for this hazard in the county, so the tract range mostly reflects where crop and livestock value is.

Rated tracts only: No Rating (score 0.0), Not Applicable and Insufficient Data tracts are counted but not used for the minimum, median and maximum.

The score ranks a tract against all U.S. tracts (100 = highest). The rating is FEMA's category for the tract's risk value, computed differently, so the two can disagree.

Frequency data for cold wave, drought, hail, heat wave, ice storm, lightning, strong wind and winter weather are county-wide or coarse (49 km grid or NWS zone), the same for every jurisdiction; the tract range mostly reflects where buildings and people are (crop and livestock value where a line above names agriculture).

Each jurisdiction (starting figures from federal data)

Sources: 1, 3, 4, 6

Jurisdiction	Type	Plan status	Repetitive lossFMA RL and SRL (44 CFR 77.2); repeat-flood, any definition	Public Assistance to this jurisdictionFEMA records matched by applicant name; federal share obligated, nominal dollars	Event records naming this placeall years; since its plan	Notes
Bangor borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 3, SRL 2; any 10	$36,416.20	17 total; 1 since its plan
Bath borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 1	$191,036.38	16 total; 0 since its plan
Bethlehem city	City	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 2, SRL 7; any 19	$1,344,782.24	64 total; 1 since its plan	Whole community, including the part in Lehigh County; in-county portion (county table): FMA RL 2, FMA SRL 6, NFIP RL 15, NFIP SRL 6, any category 15.
Chapman borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	no Public Assistance recorded	5 total; 0 since its plan
East Bangor borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$149,593.67	5 total; 0 since its plan
Easton city	City	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 6, SRL 11; any 45	$2,751,260.52	39 total; 3 since its plan
Freemansburg borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 1; any 4	$90,469.93	9 total; 1 since its plan
Glendon borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$11,872.09	16 total; 0 since its plan
Hellertown borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 3	$1,183,595.59	13 total; 2 since its plan	Includes $12,452.09 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4506-PA).
Nazareth borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$137,739.15	25 total; 2 since its plan
North Catasauqua borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$55,565.01	0 total; 0 since its plan
Northampton borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 3	$60,533.93	6 total; 0 since its plan
Pen Argyl borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$39,856.31	6 total; 0 since its plan
Portland borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 1, SRL 1; any 3	$42,173.69	3 total; 0 since its plan
Roseto borough	Organized Borough	Plan 109074 approved 2024-10-17, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$27,263.23	3 total; no approved plan
Stockertown borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 1	$7,100.56	10 total; 0 since its plan
Tatamy borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$76,922.07	7 total; 0 since its plan
Walnutport borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$353,869.42	13 total; 0 since its plan
West Easton borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 4	$9,220.94	4 total; 0 since its plan
Wilson borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$60,950.35	4 total; 0 since its plan	Includes $8,636.81 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4506-PA).
Wind Gap borough	Organized Borough	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$15,640.77	10 total; 0 since its plan
Allen township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 1	$24,962.46	0 total; 0 since its plan
Bethlehem township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 5	$577,652.27	64 total; 1 since its plan	Includes $3,733.04 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4506-PA).
Bushkill township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$109,199.14	0 total; 0 since its plan
East Allen township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$100,680.88	0 total; 0 since its plan
Forks township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 18, SRL 15; any 42	$131,324.29	0 total; 0 since its plan
Hanover township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$122,012.61	0 total; 0 since its plan	Includes $4,894.14 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4506-PA).
Lehigh township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 2	no Public Assistance recorded	0 total; 0 since its plan
Lower Mount Bethel township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 26, SRL 18; any 61	$1,063,491.11	0 total; 0 since its plan
Lower Nazareth township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 1	$45,845.76	0 total; 0 since its plan
Lower Saucon township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 1; any 4	$357,404.54	0 total; 0 since its plan	Includes $24,018.34 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4506-PA).
Moore township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 1; any 2	$100,350.64	0 total; 0 since its plan	Includes $6,517.12 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4506-PA).
Palmer township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 2	$289,372.90	0 total; 0 since its plan	Includes $26,888.72 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4506-PA).
Plainfield township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$40,488.79	0 total; 0 since its plan	Includes $10,224.61 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4506-PA).
Upper Mount Bethel township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 17, SRL 11; any 33	$1,444,705.06	0 total; 0 since its plan
Upper Nazareth township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 1	$68,206.12	0 total; 0 since its plan
Williams township	Township	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	FMA RL 12, SRL 9; any 28	$305,700.36	0 total; 0 since its plan

Repetitive-loss counts are for whole NFIP communities, which can extend beyond this county (see the note in B2-c).

County Public Assistance in B1-d also includes applicants filed under the county that are not jurisdictions in this plan (for example state agencies, special districts and nonprofits), so the jurisdiction rows add up to less.

Supports FEMA checklist items B2-a and B2-b: vulnerability and potential impacts

Local data needed

The table below gives county-level starting figures; the plan describes impacts for each jurisdiction and its own assets.

No county-level plan row in FEMA data, so there is no approval date to count from.

Critical facilities and lifelines per hazard
A problem statement per jurisdiction per hazard
Changes in development in hazard-prone areas since the last approval, or a statement of none (E1-a)
Future assets

County-level starter: exposure, expected annual loss and damage since the plan

Sources: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7

Hazard	Building exposuremodeled dollars	Agriculture exposuremodeled dollars	Population exposedpeople	EAL buildingsmodeled dollars per year	EAL agriculturemodeled dollars per year	Cost of expected deaths and injuriesFEMA's dollar value per year, not property damage	EAL as % of exposurebuildings; agriculture where noted	Note
Avalanche	$870,724	n/a	under 1	under $1	n/a	$173	under 0.0001%
Cold Wave	$65,838,026,282	$46,433,035	312,822	$432	$484	$4,976,868	under 0.0001%
Drought	n/a	$25,656,803	n/a	n/a	$228,214	n/a	0.889% (agriculture)	NRI has no building exposure for this hazard; agriculture shown
Earthquake	$114,687,317,349	n/a	312,951	$2,204,483	n/a	$615,048	0.00192%
Hail	$65,838,026,282	$46,433,035	312,822	$44,787	$22,063	$40,314	under 0.0001%
Heat Wave	$65,838,026,282	$46,433,035	312,822	$2	$91	$5,324,101	under 0.0001%
Hurricane	$65,831,900,012	$46,428,009	312,758	$4,956,369	$86,001	$211,718	0.00753%
Ice Storm	$65,817,789,501	n/a	312,646	$35,154	n/a	$223,828	under 0.0001%
Inland Flooding	$65,788,941,347	$822,345	4,972	$62,871,152	$25,990	$84,124	n/a (see note)	NRI counts the full building value of any census block with some flood loss; this is not the value of buildings in the floodplain. Use local FIRM overlays for B2-a/B2-b.
Landslide	$1,781,277,096	n/a	9,188	$8,760	n/a	$2,554	0.000492%
Lightning	$65,838,026,282	n/a	312,822	$142,205	n/a	$1,393,011	0.000216%
Strong Wind	$65,838,026,282	$46,433,035	312,822	$1,190,584	$2,475	$287,920	0.00181%
Tornado	$65,838,026,282	$46,433,035	312,822	$2,224,914	$465	$2,209,617	0.00338%
Wildfire	$7,186,723,540	$5,475,960	39,588	$11,738	$2	$2,061	0.000163%
Winter Weather	$65,838,026,282	$46,433,035	312,822	$139,221	$20	$801,249	0.000211%

Totals since the plan: not available. No county-level plan row in FEMA data, so there is no approval date to count from.

FEMA does not split Public Assistance by hazard. A declaration mapped to several hazards is listed under each of them with its full amount, so the per-hazard column does not add up to the total; the unit total counts each declaration once.

NRI computes earthquake exposure on its own basis, so it exceeds the county building value in B2-a.

Supports FEMA checklist item B2-a: vulnerability (county context)

County context

Source: 5

Measure	Value
Population	312,822
Building value (total, not at risk)	$65,838,026,282
Agriculture value (total, not at risk)	$46,433,035
NRI risk rating (all hazards)	Relatively Moderate
Expected annual loss, buildings and agriculture, all hazards	$74,195,606
Expected annual loss, population equivalence, all hazards (NRI values each statistical life at $13.7M; a modeled value of expected deaths and injuries, not property damage)	$16,172,588
Social vulnerability rating	Relatively Low
Community resilience rating	Relatively High
NRI version	December 2025

FEMA's all-hazard expected annual loss adds buildings, agriculture and population equivalence; this table gives the property part and the population-equivalence part as separate rows.

Social vulnerability: higher means people are more likely to be harmed and slower to recover. Community resilience: lower means the community is less able to recover. High social vulnerability and low resilience both raise the NRI risk rating.

Supports FEMA checklist item B2-c: repetitive loss properties

Repetitive loss in this county, both definitions

Sources: 1, 4

Definition	Properties	Severe repetitive loss	Properties
Repetitive loss, FMA definition (44 CFR 77.2)	85	Severe repetitive loss, FMA definition (44 CFR 77.2)	76
Repetitive loss, NFIP insurance definition	244	Severe repetitive loss, NFIP insurance definition	55

The state NFIP coordinator's list, the source FEMA's Handbook names, often uses the NFIP insurance definition (second row).

Repeat-flood properties: county and state-level rows

Sources: 1, 4

Scope	RL, FMAproperties	SRL, FMAproperties	RL, NFIPproperties	SRL, NFIPproperties	Any categoryproperties	Mitigatedproperties	Currently insuredproperties
County total	85	76	244	55	272	26	101
of which: Bangor borough	3	2	9	1	10	1	3
of which: Boroughs of Bath	0	0	1	0	1	0	0
of which: Bethlehem city	2	6	15	6	15	0	8
of which: Freemansburg borough	0	1	4	1	4	0	2
of which: Hellertown borough	0	0	3	0	3	0	2
of which: Lower Mount Bethel township	26	18	52	13	61	8	19
of which: Northampton borough	0	0	3	0	3	0	3
of which: Palmer township	0	0	2	0	2	0	0
of which: Portland borough	1	1	2	0	3	1	0
of which: Stockertown borough	0	0	1	0	1	0	0
of which: West Easton borough	0	0	4	0	4	0	2
of which: Bethlehem township	0	0	5	0	5	0	3
of which: Lower Saucon township	0	1	4	1	4	0	0
of which: Moore township	0	1	2	1	2	0	2
of which: Williams township	12	9	23	4	28	5	11
of which: Washington township (community ID not in plan data)	0	0	1	0	1	0	0
of which: Allen township	0	0	1	0	1	0	0
of which: Forks township	18	15	35	11	42	6	24
of which: Lehigh township	0	0	2	0	2	0	0
of which: Upper Mt. Bethel township	17	11	29	8	33	4	9
of which: Upper Nazareth township	0	0	1	0	1	0	0
of which: Lower Nazareth township	0	0	1	0	1	0	1
of which: Easton city	6	11	44	9	45	1	12
Statewide, no county in FEMA's file	0	0	1	0	1	0	0

The statewide row counts properties FEMA's file gives with no county in this state; they are listed for reference and are not in this county's counts.

Repeat-flood properties by jurisdiction in the plan (NFIP community)

Sources: 1, 4

Jurisdiction	NFIP community ID	RL, FMAproperties	SRL, FMAproperties	RL, NFIPproperties	SRL, NFIPproperties	Any categoryproperties	Mitigatedproperties	Currently insuredproperties	Note
Bangor borough	420716	3	2	9	1	10	1	3
Bath borough	420717	0	0	1	0	1	0	0
Bethlehem city	420718	2	7	19	7	19	0	9	Whole community, including the part in Lehigh County; in-county portion (county table): FMA RL 2, FMA SRL 6, NFIP RL 15, NFIP SRL 6, any category 15.
Chapman borough	422251	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Bangor borough	422252	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Easton city	425383	6	11	44	9	45	1	12
Freemansburg borough	420721	0	1	4	1	4	0	2
Glendon borough	422254	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hellertown borough	420723	0	0	3	0	3	0	2
Nazareth borough	420725	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Catasauqua borough	420727	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northampton borough	420726	0	0	3	0	3	0	3
Pen Argyl borough	421926	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portland borough	420729	1	1	2	0	3	1	0
Roseto borough	422255	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stockertown borough	420730	0	0	1	0	1	0	0
Tatamy borough	420731	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Walnutport borough	420732	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Easton borough	420733	0	0	4	0	4	0	2
Wilson borough	421927	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wind Gap borough	420734	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Allen township	421928	0	0	1	0	1	0	0
Bethlehem township	420980	0	0	5	0	5	0	3
Bushkill township	421929	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Allen township	420981	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Forks township	421930	18	15	35	11	42	6	24
Hanover township	420722	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lehigh township	421931	0	0	2	0	2	0	0
Lower Mount Bethel township	420724	26	18	52	13	61	8	19
Lower Nazareth township	422253	0	0	1	0	1	0	1
Lower Saucon township	420982	0	1	4	1	4	0	0
Moore township	420983	0	1	2	1	2	0	2
Palmer township	420728	0	0	2	0	2	0	0
Plainfield township	421147	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Upper Mount Bethel township	421933	17	11	29	8	33	4	9
Upper Nazareth township	421934	0	0	1	0	1	0	0
Williams township	421036	12	9	23	4	28	5	11

Counts by occupancy group for each jurisdiction are in the Excel file, sheet "B2-c Jurisdictions".

Jurisdiction rows are whole NFIP communities and need not add up to the county total: a community that extends into another county is counted in full on each jurisdiction row, while the county table counts only its part in this county.

County repeat-flood properties by occupancy group

Sources: 1, 4

Occupancy group	RL, FMAproperties	SRL, FMAproperties	RL, NFIPproperties	SRL, NFIPproperties	Any categoryproperties	Mitigatedproperties	Currently insuredproperties
single-family residential	81	60	187	41	214	26	82
2 to 4 unit residential	1	3	13	3	13	0	3
other residential	0	2	7	1	7	0	2
non-residential	3	11	37	10	38	0	14
not reported	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

FEMA's occupancy groups have no institutional class; institutional properties are counted in non-residential or other residential in the table by occupancy group.

FMA RL and FMA SRL are the Flood Mitigation Assistance definitions (44 CFR 77.2), the ones the FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Policy Guide cites. NFIP repetitive loss (the FEMA insurance definition) is 2 or more claims over $1,000 in 10 years, and a property can leave that group once it is mitigated. Also shown: NFIP severe repetitive loss, any category, mitigated and currently insured. The Methods page gives the OpenFEMA field details.

Counts are aggregates of FEMA's public NFIP Multiple Loss Properties file (FEMA's data date 2026-08-02; file version 2026-08-04). No property is identified. County assignment is FEMA's geocode.

In this county 26 properties are FMA repetitive loss but not NFIP repetitive loss, and 185 properties are NFIP repetitive loss but not FMA repetitive loss.

Exact counts; no count suppression.

Sources

Tables cite these sources by number. The full list, for the plan's bibliography (FEMA review item A4-a):

FEMA, OpenFEMA HazardMitigationPlanStatuses v1, version 2026-09-29T134039Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/HazardMitigationPlanStatuses (API)
FEMA, OpenFEMA DisasterDeclarationsSummaries v2, version 2026-09-29T162832Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v2/DisasterDeclarationsSummaries (API)
FEMA, OpenFEMA PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries v1, version 2026-09-29T150754Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries (API)
FEMA, OpenFEMA NfipMultipleLossProperties v1, version 2026-08-04T164045Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/NfipMultipleLossProperties (API)
FEMA, FEMA National Risk Index 1.20.0 (December 2025), county and census tract tables, version 1.20.0, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_Counties.zip (download, 25 MB), https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_CensusTracts.zip (download, 635 MB)
NOAA NCEI, NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, details files (csvfiles v1.0), version c20260918, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/swdi/stormevents/csvfiles/
NOAA National Weather Service, NWS county-public forecast zones correlation file, version bp03mr20 to bp16ap26 (11 files; newest bp16ap26), pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.weather.gov/gis/ZoneCounty
U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2024 Gazetteer, 2020 place by county, CT county-to-cousub crosswalk, version 2024-gazetteer, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_counties_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_cousubs_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_place_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_unsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_elsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_scsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/reference/codes2020/national_place_by_county2020.txt, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/reference/ct_change/ct_cou_to_cousub_crosswalk.xlsx (used to match place names and codes; no table prints its values)

What this packet is and what the plan adds

This packet is the federal data for the plan's risk assessment (the summary on page 1 says how it is organized); the plan and FEMA's review decide whether each item is met.

The plan adds what only the community has: local data on assets, critical facilities, development and each jurisdiction's impacts; local hazard history, including state-declared emergencies; the mitigation strategy; and adoption.

How the federal data are built: National Risk Index values are FEMA's model, not counts of events. Storm Events is more complete from 1996; zone-level records are placed by forecast zone, not by location in the county. Public Assistance for a jurisdiction is matched by applicant name. The Methods page gives every rule and the known edge cases.

OpenFEMA disclaimer

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

Reuse, citation and corrections

Reuse and citation: Hazard Plain text and tables are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); credit Hazard Plain and the release. The underlying federal data are public domain; OpenFEMA data are also subject to the OpenFEMA terms and conditions.

Cite this: Hazard Plain (2026). Northampton County, PA: risk-assessment baseline packet, release 2026-10 (data as of 2026-09-30; County FIPS 42095). Automated baseline. https://hazardplain.org/pa/42095/ Built from FEMA OpenFEMA, the FEMA National Risk Index and NOAA NCEI Storm Events; source versions in the packet's Sources list.

Corrections: to report an error, name the packet, the table and what your records show. Contact: contact@hazardplain.org