Hazard Plain Preview: automated baseline

Camden County, NJ

Risk-assessment baseline packet

Unit
County area 34007
Release
2026-10
As of
2026-09-28
Storm Events data through
2026-06-30

Hazard Plain is an independent product built from public federal data. It is not a FEMA document and is not reviewed or endorsed by FEMA or any state agency.

A starting point for the plan's risk assessment (FEMA Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool, Element B). It does not replace local data or FEMA review. Section headings say which FEMA review item each table supports; whether an item is satisfied is decided by the plan and its reviewers.

Hazard Plain release 2026-10, as of 2026-09-28. Independent product; not a FEMA document.

Plan clock

Status
Approved, expires 2027-03-06
Plan
Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)
Approved
2022-03-07
Expires
2027-03-06
As of
2026-09-28
Days
159 days to expiry
Update underway
FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress

What changed since your last plan (approved 2022-03-07)

New federal declarations
none (0 declaration rows; 0 counted incidents)
Storm Events records since approval
125 (data through 2026-06-30)
Repetitive loss now
FMA RL 0, SRL 13 (44 CFR 77.2); any definition: 104
Repeat-flood change
First release: no prior release to compare.

Sources

FEMA, OpenFEMA HazardMitigationPlanStatuses v1, version 2026-09-26T121003Z, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/HazardMitigationPlanStatuses (API)

FEMA, OpenFEMA DisasterDeclarationsSummaries v2, version 2026-09-27T010817Z, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v2/DisasterDeclarationsSummaries (API)

NOAA NCEI, NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, details files (csvfiles v1.0), version c20260918, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/swdi/stormevents/csvfiles/

FEMA, OpenFEMA NfipMultipleLossProperties v1, version 2026-08-04T164045Z, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/NfipMultipleLossProperties (API)

Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county: 38 rows, in the section "Plan clock: Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county" after these cover pages.

State plan status and tribal plans in this state: see the state page.

Plan clock

Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county

JurisdictionTypeStatusPlanApprovedExpiresDays to expirynegative = days since expiryUpdate underwayNotes
Camden CountyCountyApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Audubon boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Audubon Park boroughBoroughNo approved plan on recordnonenonenoneFEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Barrington boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Bellmawr boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Berlin boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Brooklawn boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Camden cityCityApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Chesilhurst boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Clementon boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Collingswood boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Gibbsboro boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Gloucester City cityCityApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Haddon Heights boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Haddonfield boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Hi-Nella boroughBoroughNo approved plan on recordnonenonenoneFEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Laurel Springs boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Lawnside boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Lindenwold boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Magnolia boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Merchantville boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Mount Ephraim boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Oaklyn boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Pine Hill boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Pine Valley boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Runnemede boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Somerdale boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Stratford boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Tavistock boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Woodlynne boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Berlin townshipTownshipApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Cherry Hill townshipTownshipApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Gloucester townshipTownshipApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Haddon townshipTownshipApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Pennsauken townshipTownshipApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Voorhees townshipTownshipApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Waterford townshipTownshipApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress
Winslow townshipTownshipApproved, expires 2027-03-06Camden County 2022 (FEMA plan 107832)2022-03-072027-03-06159FEMA tracker shows a plan in progress

Source

FEMA, OpenFEMA HazardMitigationPlanStatuses v1, version 2026-09-26T121003Z, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/HazardMitigationPlanStatuses (API)

Supports B1-a: hazards

Hazards NRI does not cover: check locally

  • dam failure (incl. upstream dams)
  • levee failure
  • flash flood as its own subtype
  • ice jams
  • debris flows
  • erosion (riverine and coastal)
  • land subsidence and sinkholes
  • expansive soils

The 18 National Risk Index hazards, ranked by expected annual loss (EAL)

Rank by EALHazardNRI risk ratingEAL ratingEAL buildingsmodeled dollars per yearEAL agriculturemodeled dollars per yearEAL population equivalencestatistical value of life and injury, $13.7M per life, not property damageEAL total (see note)modeled dollars per yearStorm Events records since 1996countEvidence for an omissionNRI Not Applicable, no declaration and no Storm Events record since 1996Storm Events coverage note
1Inland FloodingRelatively HighRelatively High$74,272,699$22,717$1,208,341$75,503,757148
2EarthquakeRelatively ModerateRelatively Moderate$6,967,919$2,818,713$9,786,632Not in Storm Events. Storm Events coverage of this hazard is limited; absence is not evidence of low risk.
3Heat WaveRelatively HighRelatively Moderateunder $1$229$8,385,026$8,385,255100
4Cold WaveRelatively HighRelatively High$7,269$12$7,263,426$7,270,70731Includes 2 Frost/Freeze records, event types the NRI definition of this hazard leaves out.
5HurricaneRelatively ModerateRelatively Moderate$4,986,142$175,546$202,854$5,364,5423
6TornadoRelatively ModerateRelatively Moderate$2,235,938$52$2,444,772$4,680,7625
7Strong WindRelatively HighRelatively High$1,819,534$4,546$658,849$2,482,929456Includes 35 High Wind records and 94 Strong Wind records, event types the NRI definition of this hazard leaves out.
8LightningRelatively HighRelatively High$104,532$1,909,039$2,013,57115
9Winter WeatherVery HighVery High$527,297$9$1,434,139$1,961,445210Includes 6 Sleet records, event types the NRI definition of this hazard leaves out.
10Ice StormVery HighRelatively High$365,593$1,272,115$1,637,7082
11Coastal FloodingRelatively ModerateRelatively Moderate$1,533,520$22,961$1,556,48163
12WildfireRelatively LowRelatively Low$613,798$191$97,015$711,00411
13DroughtRelatively ModerateRelatively Moderate$461,181$461,18140
14HailVery LowVery Low$48,497$64,432$2,088$115,01766
15LandslideVery LowVery Low$1,743$5$1,7480No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30). Storm Events coverage of this hazard is limited; absence is not evidence of low risk.
AvalancheNot ApplicableNot Applicable0NRI rates avalanche Not Applicable for this county, and no federal declaration for this county names it.No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).
TsunamiInsufficient DataInsufficient Data0No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30). Storm Events coverage of this hazard is limited; absence is not evidence of low risk.
Volcanic ActivityNot ApplicableNot Applicable0NRI rates volcanic activity Not Applicable for this county, and no federal declaration for this county names it.No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30). Storm Events coverage of this hazard is limited; absence is not evidence of low risk.

Total = buildings + agriculture + population equivalence; FEMA values each expected death (or 10 injuries) at $13.7 million (2024 dollars).

Sources

FEMA, FEMA National Risk Index 1.20.0 (December 2025), county and census tract tables, version 1.20.0, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_Counties.zip (download, 25 MB), https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_CensusTracts.zip (download, 635 MB)

NOAA NCEI, NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, details files (csvfiles v1.0), version c20260918, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/swdi/stormevents/csvfiles/

Check your state hazard mitigation plan's hazard list for this county; explain any hazard you drop.

Supports B1-b: location

Where each hazard occurs

HazardLocationCensus tracts ratedrated of all tracts
AvalancheCensus tract rating counts from the National Risk Index tract table (see B1-f). Tract maps and place names are not in this packet.0 of 129
Coastal FloodingThe FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) is the required location source for flooding. See the FEMA Flood Map Service Center (https://msc.fema.gov) for this county.57 of 129
Cold WaveAffects the whole planning area; national data do not distinguish locations within the county. Confirm locally.129 of 129
DroughtAffects the whole planning area; national data do not distinguish locations within the county. Confirm locally.34 of 129
EarthquakeCensus tract rating counts from the National Risk Index tract table (see B1-f). Tract maps and place names are not in this packet.129 of 129
HailAffects the whole planning area; national data do not distinguish locations within the county. Confirm locally.129 of 129
Heat WaveAffects the whole planning area; national data do not distinguish locations within the county. Confirm locally.129 of 129
HurricaneCensus tract rating counts from the National Risk Index tract table (see B1-f). Tract maps and place names are not in this packet.129 of 129
Ice StormAffects the whole planning area; national data do not distinguish locations within the county. Confirm locally.129 of 129
Inland FloodingThe FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) is the required location source for flooding. See the FEMA Flood Map Service Center (https://msc.fema.gov) for this county.129 of 129
LandslideCensus tract rating counts from the National Risk Index tract table (see B1-f). Tract maps and place names are not in this packet.129 of 129
LightningAffects the whole planning area; national data do not distinguish locations within the county. Confirm locally.129 of 129
Strong WindAffects the whole planning area; national data do not distinguish locations within the county. Confirm locally.129 of 129
TornadoCensus tract rating counts from the National Risk Index tract table (see B1-f). Tract maps and place names are not in this packet.129 of 129
TsunamiCensus tract rating counts from the National Risk Index tract table (see B1-f). Tract maps and place names are not in this packet.0 of 129
Volcanic ActivityCensus tract rating counts from the National Risk Index tract table (see B1-f). Tract maps and place names are not in this packet.0 of 129
WildfireCensus tract rating counts from the National Risk Index tract table (see B1-f). Tract maps and place names are not in this packet.96 of 129
Winter WeatherAffects the whole planning area; national data do not distinguish locations within the county. Confirm locally.129 of 129

Source

FEMA, FEMA National Risk Index 1.20.0 (December 2025), county and census tract tables, version 1.20.0, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_Counties.zip (download, 25 MB), https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_CensusTracts.zip (download, 635 MB)

Supports B1-c: extent

Extent: scale, observed range and worst recorded event per hazard

HazardScaleRecordscount, yearsObserved rangeWorst recorded eventMost damaging (when different)How it applies to membersNote
Avalanchenone (count and damage)0Physical measure: in event narratives only; local data required.
Coastal Flood, Storm Surge/Tidenone in data (FIRM for depth)63, 1996 to 2024 (63 zone-level)Coastal Flood, 2012-10-30, $1,000,000 property; $0 crops, reported for the zone (2012 dollars); NWS zone NJZ018 (CAMDEN), zone-level: may include parts of neighboring countiesZone-level records: applies countywide; national data do not locate these events within the county.Flood depth: see the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map.
Cold/Wind Chill, Extreme Cold/Wind Chillwind chill29, 1996 to 2022 (29 zone-level)1 day to 16 days (median 1.5 days); 24 with a recorded value16 consecutive days, 2003-01-14 to 2003-01-29, zone-levelCold/Wind Chill, 2015-02-15, $150,000 property; $0 crops, reported for the zone (2015 dollars)Zone-level records: applies countywide; national data do not locate these events within the county.Wind chill: in event narratives only; local data required. Cold/Wind Chill records from May to September (a frost night, not a cold wave) are counted but not used for the longest run.
Frost/Freeze (outside NRI Cold Wave definition)crop damage2, 2007 to 2007 (2 zone-level)No crop damage reported in 2 records.Zone-level records: applies countywide; national data do not locate these events within the county.Temperature: in event narratives only; local data required.
DroughtUS Drought Monitor D-scale40, 1997 to 2010 (40 zone-level)1 day to 392 days (median 1.5 days); 18 with a recorded value392 days (about 12.9 months), 2001-10-30 to 2002-11-25, a run of 14 consecutive Storm Events drought records, zone-levelZone-level records: applies countywide; national data do not locate these events within the county.Storm Events enters a drought at D2 or worse east of the Rockies and D3 or worse from the Rockies west (NWS Instruction 10-1605); NRI drought counts D3 and D4 only.
EarthquakeModified Mercalli (local data)0No Storm Events record; local data required (e.g., USGS).
Hailhail size (inches)74, 1969 to 20250.75 in to 3 in (median 1 in); 74 with a recorded value3 in hail, 1969-06-23Hail, 2008-08-10, $0 property; $1,500,000 crops (2008 dollars)Event records naming member places: Cherry Hill township (6 records), Gibbsboro borough (6 records), Camden city (5 records), Somerdale borough (4 records), Berlin borough (2 records), Berlin township (2 records), Clementon borough (2 records), Merchantville borough (2 records), Pennsauken township (2 records), Winslow township (2 records); and 8 more member places (see the XLSX file).
Excessive Heat, Heatheat index (narratives)100, 1996 to 2026 (100 zone-level)1 day to 10 days (median 2 days); 77 with a recorded value10 consecutive days, 2002-08-11 to 2002-08-20, zone-levelZone-level records: applies countywide; national data do not locate these events within the county.Heat index: in event narratives only; local data required. Heat records from November to March (unseasonable warmth, not a heat wave) are counted but not used for the longest run.
Hurricane, Tropical Storm, Tropical DepressionSaffir-Simpson3, 2008 to 2020 (3 zone-level)Strongest recorded (records with damage, a wind speed or direct casualties first, then storm type, category and wind): Tropical Storm record, 2011-08-27 to 2011-08-28, $500,000 property; $0 crops, reported for the zone (2011 dollars); NWS zone NJZ018 (CAMDEN), zone-level: may include parts of neighboring countiesZone-level records: applies countywide; national data do not locate these events within the county.Storm Events files every zone of a storm's episode under the storm's event type and category, so a Hurricane (Typhoon) record, especially an inland or remnant one, does not by itself mean hurricane-force winds here; read the damage and wind columns.
Ice StormSperry-Piltz (local data)2, 2014 to 2017 (2 zone-level)No damage reported in 2 records.Zone-level records: applies countywide; national data do not locate these events within the county.Ice thickness: in event narratives only; local data required.
Flash Flood, Flood, Lakeshore Flooddamage and flood days (FIRM for depth)148, 1996 to 2026 (16 zone-level)Flood, 2011-08-28, $10,000,000 property; $0 crops (2011 dollars)Event records naming member places: Haddonfield borough (24 records), Camden city (23 records), Brooklawn borough (8 records), Cherry Hill township (7 records), Gloucester City city (7 records), Collingswood borough (6 records), Merchantville borough (6 records), Bellmawr borough (4 records), Pennsauken township (4 records), Somerdale borough (4 records); and 10 more member places (see the XLSX file). Zone-level records (16) apply countywide.Flood depth: see the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map. Storm Events damage can be $0 or blank even for a major flood, so the worst record here may not be the worst flood; compare FEMA Public Assistance by declaration in B1-d.
Debris Flownone (count and damage)0Physical measure: in event narratives only; local data required.
Lightningannualized frequency (the measure FEMA's Local Mitigation Planning Handbook names)15, 1999 to 2020Lightning, 2020-07-22, $250,000 property; $0 crops (2020 dollars)Event records naming member places: Cherry Hill township (3 records), Camden city (2 records), Bellmawr borough (1 record), Collingswood borough (1 record), Haddonfield borough (1 record), Pine Hill borough (1 record), Winslow township (1 record).Storm Events lists lightning with damage or casualties; physical measure in event narratives only; local data required.
High Wind and Strong Wind (outside NRI Strong Wind definition)wind speed (kt and mph)129, 1996 to 2020 (129 zone-level)35 kt (40 mph) to 53 kt (61 mph) (median 40 kt (46 mph)); 103 with a recorded value53 kt (61 mph) measured gust, High Wind, 2013-01-31; NWS zone NJZ018 (CAMDEN), zone-level: may include parts of neighboring countiesHigh Wind, 2012-10-29, $10,000,000 property; $0 crops, reported for the zone (2012 dollars)Zone-level records: applies countywide; national data do not locate these events within the county.
Thunderstorm Windwind speed (kt and mph)366, 1968 to 202643 kt (49 mph) to 96 kt (110 mph) (median 52 kt (60 mph)); 336 with a recorded value96 kt (110 mph), measurement type not recorded, Thunderstorm Wind, 1989-03-18Thunderstorm Wind, 2015-06-23, $1,750,000 property; $0 crops (2015 dollars)Event records naming member places: Cherry Hill township (37 records), Camden city (19 records), Haddonfield borough (15 records), Gibbsboro borough (12 records), Haddon Heights borough (12 records), Collingswood borough (11 records), Oaklyn borough (10 records), Pennsauken township (9 records), Somerdale borough (9 records), Barrington borough (7 records); and 17 more member places (see the XLSX file).
TornadoEnhanced Fujita (F before Feb 2007)10, 1956 to 2022F/EF0 to F/EF2 (median F/EF1); 10 with a recorded valueF2 tornado, 1989-06-09, 1.5 mi path length (records before 1996 may include the whole path; rating and listing come from the county where the tornado began), 50 yd wide, $250,000 property; crops not recorded (1989 dollars)Tornado, 1994-07-03, $500,000 property; crops not recorded (1994 dollars)Event records naming member places: Cherry Hill township (2 records), Runnemede borough (1 record).From 1996 on, tornado records are per-county segments and length is the path length within this county (NWS Instruction 10-1605); records before 1996 may give the whole path length, including the path outside this county, and before 1996 a tornado is listed once, under the county where it began, with the whole path's rating; counties farther along the path may not list it. Length is not used to rank tornadoes.
Tsunaminone (count and damage)0Physical measure: in event narratives only; local data required.
Volcanic Ash, Volcanic AshfallVolcanic Explosivity Index (local data)0Physical measure: in event narratives only; local data required.
Wildfireacres burned (local data)11, 2002 to 2016 (10 zone-level)No damage reported in 11 records.No event record names a member place. Zone-level records (10) apply countywide.Acres burned: in event narratives only; local data required.
Winter Storm, Heavy Snow, Blizzard, Lake-Effect Snow, Winter Weather, Sleetnone in data (snowfall local)210, 1996 to 2026 (210 zone-level)Winter Storm, 2005-01-22, $2,000,000 property; crops not reported, reported for the zone (2005 dollars); NWS zone NJZ018 (CAMDEN), zone-level: may include parts of neighboring countiesZone-level records: applies countywide; national data do not locate these events within the county.Snow depth: in event narratives only; local data required.

Where a hazard names more than 10 member places, the table lists the 10 with the most records; every place is in the XLSX file, sheet "B1-c Extent".

Storm Events records are more complete after 1996; before 1996 only Tornado (from 1950), Hail and Thunderstorm Wind (from 1955) exist. Zone-level records are placed with NWS zone-county files, which exist from 2020 on; an earlier record is placed by its zone number in the nearest later file only when its zone name matches that file, records from zones NWS renumbered are placed by name or left out, and a record whose zone is in no known file is left out of every count, so counts before 2020 can be low. Some current zones are also missing from the NWS files, so recent counts can be low too.

Dollars are nominal (as reported), labeled with the year; not adjusted for inflation.

Sources

NOAA NCEI, NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, details files (csvfiles v1.0), version c20260918, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/swdi/stormevents/csvfiles/

NOAA National Weather Service, NWS county-public forecast zones correlation file, version bp03mr20 to bp16ap26 (11 files; newest bp16ap26), pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.weather.gov/gis/ZoneCounty

Supports B1-d: previous occurrences

Declaration rows
25
Counted incidents
16

Federal disaster declarations for this county

DeclaredIncident beganFEMA numberTypeTitleMapped hazardCounty Public Assistancefederal share obligated, nominal dollarsFlagsNotes
2021-09-052021-09-01DR-4614-NJMajor disasterREMNANTS OF HURRICANE IDAHurricane$38,191.54during plan review, check whether your last plan included it
2021-09-022021-09-01EM-3573-NJEmergencyREMNANTS OF HURRICANE IDAHurricanenone foundduring plan review, check whether your last plan included itsame incident as DR-4614
2020-03-252020-01-20DR-4488-NJMajor disasterCOVID-19 PANDEMICNon-natural, not counted$153,396,371.40
2020-03-132020-01-20EM-3451-NJEmergencyCOVID-19Non-natural, not countednone foundsame incident as DR-4488
2016-03-142016-01-22DR-4264-NJMajor disasterSEVERE WINTER STORM AND SNOWSTORMWinter Weather$2,385,824.20
2015-07-222015-06-23DR-4231-NJMajor disasterSEVERE STORMHazard not mapped (severe storm title names no single hazard); not counted$3,717,491.06
2012-10-302012-10-26DR-4086-NJMajor disasterHURRICANE SANDYHurricane$2,148,986.09
2012-10-282012-10-26EM-3354-NJEmergencyHURRICANE SANDYHurricanenone foundsame incident as DR-4086
2011-08-312011-08-27DR-4021-NJMajor disasterHURRICANE IRENEHurricane$1,086,857.01
2011-08-272011-08-26EM-3332-NJEmergencyHURRICANE IRENEHurricanenone foundsame incident as DR-4021
2010-03-232010-02-05DR-1889-NJMajor disasterSEVERE WINTER STORM AND SNOWSTORMWinter Weather$2,123,657.90
2010-02-052009-12-19DR-1873-NJMajor disasterSNOWSTORMWinter Weather$2,083,791.55
2007-04-262007-04-14DR-1694-NJMajor disasterSEVERE STORMS AND INLAND AND COASTAL FLOODINGCoastal Flooding$916,568.93
2005-09-192005-08-29EM-3257-NJEmergencyHURRICANE KATRINA EVACUATIONHurricane: evacuation support, not a local hazard event; not countednone found
2004-07-162004-07-12DR-1530-NJMajor disasterSEVERE STORMS AND FLOODINGInland Flooding$358,641.74
2003-03-202003-02-16EM-3181-NJEmergencySNOWWinter Weather$1,221,559.72
2001-09-192001-09-11EM-3169-NJEmergencyFIRES AND EXPLOSIONSNon-natural, not counted$21,605.05
2000-11-012000-05-30EM-3156-NJEmergencyWEST NILE VIRUSNon-natural, not countednone found
1999-09-171999-09-16EM-3148-NJEmergencyHURRICANE FLOYD EMERGENCY DECLARATIONSHurricane$102,774.50
1996-01-131996-01-07DR-1088-NJMajor disasterBLIZZARD OF 96 (SEVERE SNOW STORM)Winter Weathernone found
1993-03-171993-03-13EM-3106-NJEmergencySEVERE BLIZZARDWinter Weathernone found
1980-10-191980-10-19EM-3083-NJEmergencyWATER SHORTAGEDroughtnone found
1977-02-081977-02-08DR-528-NJMajor disasterICE CONDITIONSIce StormPA not declared for this county
1971-09-041971-09-04DR-310-NJMajor disasterHEAVY RAINS & FLOODINGInland Floodingnone found
1965-08-181965-08-18DR-205-NJMajor disasterWATER SHORTAGEDroughtnone found

County Public Assistance: applicants the FEMA record places in this county, including any state agencies FEMA files there; statewide rows are listed on the state page; federal share obligated, nominal dollars.

Dollars are nominal (as reported), labeled with the year; not adjusted for inflation.

Statewide declarations

DeclaredIncident beganFEMA numberTypeTitleMapped hazardFlagsNotes
1962-03-091962-03-09DR-124-NJMajor disasterSEVERE STORM, HIGH TIDES & FLOODINGInland Flooding (primary); also designated: Coastal Flooding
1955-08-201955-08-20DR-41-NJMajor disasterHURRICANE & FLOODSHurricane (primary); also designated: Inland Flooding

FEMA recorded these with designated area Statewide and no county. Listed on every county page in the state; not counted with county rows.

Source

FEMA, OpenFEMA DisasterDeclarationsSummaries v2, version 2026-09-27T010817Z, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v2/DisasterDeclarationsSummaries (API)

Public Assistance not placed in a county in this state: 1 row, $23,724.37

Disaster numberDeclaredApplicantCounty field in FEMA dataPA obligatedfederal share obligated, nominal dollarsWhy not placed
40212011-08-31SOUTH PLAINFIELD PUBLIC LIBRARYMonroe County$23,724.37county field is a county of another state and the applicant name does not identify a place in the declaring state

FEMA's Public Assistance summaries file these applicants under a county field that is not a county of this state (an Alaska school area, the former Valdez-Cordova Census Area, or another state's county), and the applicant name does not identify one place here. They are listed for the whole state and are not in any county total. Check whether any of them worked in your county.

Previous occurrences by hazard, with explicit no-event rows

HazardStorm Events recordsfull periodSince plan approvalrecordsDuring plan reviewrecordsLast 5 yearsrecordsDeclared incidentsdistinct incidentsDeclared since approvaldistinct incidentsPeriodStatement
Avalanche0000001996 to 2026-06-30No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Coastal Flooding638310101996 to 2026-06-30
Cold Wave31101001996 to 2026-06-30Includes 2 Frost/Freeze records, event types the NRI definition of this hazard leaves out.
Drought40000201996 to 2026-06-30
Earthquake000000No Storm Events record; local data required (e.g., USGS).
Hail7417417001955 to 2026-06-30
Heat Wave10011211001996 to 2026-06-30
Hurricane3000401996 to 2026-06-30
Ice Storm2000101996 to 2026-06-30
Inland Flooding14818818201996 to 2026-06-30
Landslide0000001996 to 2026-06-30No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Lightning15000001996 to 2026-06-30
Strong Wind495521653001955 to 2026-06-30Includes 35 High Wind records and 94 Strong Wind records, event types the NRI definition of this hazard leaves out.
Tornado10101001950 to 2026-06-30
Tsunami0000001996 to 2026-06-30No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Volcanic Activity0000001996 to 2026-06-30No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Wildfire11000001996 to 2026-06-30
Winter Weather21017623601996 to 2026-06-30Includes 6 Sleet records, event types the NRI definition of this hazard leaves out.

Sources

NOAA NCEI, NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, details files (csvfiles v1.0), version c20260918, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/swdi/stormevents/csvfiles/

FEMA, OpenFEMA DisasterDeclarationsSummaries v2, version 2026-09-27T010817Z, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v2/DisasterDeclarationsSummaries (API)

NOAA National Weather Service, NWS county-public forecast zones correlation file, version bp03mr20 to bp16ap26 (11 files; newest bp16ap26), pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.weather.gov/gis/ZoneCounty

Notable Storm Events records

DateEvent typeMagnitude or extentDamagenominal dollarsDirect deaths, injuriesindirect not countedLocationFlagsWhy listed
2020-07-22Lightning$250,000 property; $0 crops (2020 dollars)0, 0PINE HILLB1-c worst recorded: Lightning
2013-01-31High Wind53 kt (61 mph) measured gust$5,000 property; $0 crops, reported for the zone (2013 dollars)0, 0NWS zone NJZ018 (CAMDEN), zone-level: may include parts of neighboring countiesB1-c worst recorded: High Wind and Strong Wind (outside NRI Strong Wind definition)
2011-08-28Flood$10,000,000 property; $0 crops (2011 dollars)0, 0CAMDEN to BROOKLAWNB1-c worst recorded: Flash Flood, Flood, Lakeshore Flood
2011-08-27Tropical Storm$500,000 property; $0 crops, reported for the zone (2011 dollars)0, 0NWS zone NJZ018 (CAMDEN), zone-level: may include parts of neighboring countiesB1-c worst recorded: Hurricane, Tropical Storm, Tropical Depression
2007-02-06Extreme Cold/Wind Chill$0 property; $0 crops, reported for the zone (2007 dollars)1, 0NWS zone NJZ018 (CAMDEN), zone-level: may include parts of neighboring countiesdeaths or injuries recorded
2005-01-22Winter Storm$2,000,000 property; crops not reported, reported for the zone (2005 dollars)0, 0NWS zone NJZ018 (CAMDEN), zone-level: may include parts of neighboring countiesB1-c worst recorded: Winter Storm, Heavy Snow, Blizzard, Lake-Effect Snow, Winter Weather, Sleet
2003-01-14Cold/Wind Chilldamage not reported0, 0NWS zone NJZ018 (CAMDEN), zone-level: may include parts of neighboring countiesB1-c worst recorded: Cold/Wind Chill, Extreme Cold/Wind Chill
2002-08-11Heatdamage not reported0, 0NWS zone NJZ018 (CAMDEN), zone-level: may include parts of neighboring countiesB1-c worst recorded: Excessive Heat, Heat
1999-07-04Heatdamage not reported2, 1NWS zone NJZ018 (CAMDEN), zone-level: may include parts of neighboring countiesdeaths or injuries recorded
1994-11-01Thunderstorm Windspeed not recordeddamage not recorded (pre-1996 record)1, 0Camdendeaths or injuries recorded
1989-06-09TornadoF2, 1.5 mi path length (records before 1996 may include the whole path; rating and listing come from the county where the tornado began), 50 yd wide$250,000 property; crops not recorded (1989 dollars)0, 0location not recordedB1-c worst recorded: Tornado
1989-03-18Thunderstorm Wind96 kt (110 mph), measurement type not recordeddamage not recorded (pre-1996 record)0, 0location not recordedB1-c worst recorded: Thunderstorm Wind

The full list is in the XLSX file, sheet "B1-d Storm Events history" (1,202 rows).

Storm Events records are more complete after 1996; before 1996 only Tornado (from 1950), Hail and Thunderstorm Wind (from 1955) exist. Zone-level records are placed with NWS zone-county files, which exist from 2020 on; an earlier record is placed by its zone number in the nearest later file only when its zone name matches that file, records from zones NWS renumbered are placed by name or left out, and a record whose zone is in no known file is left out of every count, so counts before 2020 can be low. Some current zones are also missing from the NWS files, so recent counts can be low too.

Sources

NOAA NCEI, NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, details files (csvfiles v1.0), version c20260918, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/swdi/stormevents/csvfiles/

NOAA National Weather Service, NWS county-public forecast zones correlation file, version bp03mr20 to bp16ap26 (11 files; newest bp16ap26), pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.weather.gov/gis/ZoneCounty

FEMA, OpenFEMA HazardMitigationPlanStatuses v1, version 2026-09-26T121003Z, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/HazardMitigationPlanStatuses (API)

State-declared emergencies are not in federal data. Add them from your state emergency management agency.

Tribal and special-area declarations in this state are listed on the state page.

Supports B1-e: probability

Probability: FEMA annualized frequency and descriptor per hazard

HazardFEMA annualized frequency (modeled)unit per rowUnitIn plain termsDescriptorDescriptor basisNRI events or days in its record period (hail, wind and tornado are area-weighted, so can be fractional)NRI periodLocationNote
Avalancheevents per year1994 to 2023 (30 years)see B1-fNot Applicable in NRI for this county; no descriptor.
Coastal Flooding3.69events per year at a location (modeled)about 3.7 per year at a given location in the countyHighly likelyFEMA annualized frequency (modeled)not shownmodeledsee B1-fDescriptor from NRI: the rate at a location is 1 or more a year, so the county rate is at least that.
Cold Wave0.791event-days per yearabout 0.791 days per yearLikelyevent-days in 13 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (43.3%)152005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years)countywideFrost/Freeze records are not counted in this descriptor: they record crop freezes, not cold waves.
Drought7.13event-days per yearabout 7.13 days per yearLikelyevent-days in 9 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (30%)2662000 to 2025 (25.25 years; D3 and D4 only)countywideNRI gives about 7.13 drought event-days a year here (its annualized frequency over 25.25 years; not its event count divided by the years), but Storm Events has a record in only 9 of 30 years. NRI counts from a different source that records far more events than Storm Events, so this descriptor reads much lower than NRI's frequency; read the two together.
Earthquake0.00162annual probability at a locationchance a given location in the county has at least minor-damage shaking in a year: 0.162%not shownmodeledsee B1-fDescriptor not assigned: the NRI value is the chance at a location in the county, not how often the hazard affects the county, and Storm Events does not record earthquakes.
Hail1.94events per yearabout 1.94 per yearHighly likelyFEMA annualized frequency (modeled)74.0 (modeled)1986 to 2023 (38 years)countywide
Heat Wave11.1event-days per yearabout 11.1 days per yearLikelyevent-days in 24 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (80%)1262005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years)countywide
Hurricane0.132events per yearabout 1 in 8 yearsLikelyFEMA annualized frequency (modeled)321851 to 2024 (Atlantic)see B1-fNRI counts hurricane and tropical storm tracks passing within storm-force wind range; federal declarations are counted separately in B1-d and need not match.
Ice Storm0.831event-days per yearabout 0.831 days per yearPossibleevent-days in 2 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (6.67%)571946-12-31 to 2014-02-12 (67 years)countywide
Inland Flooding3.64event-days per yearabout 3.64 days per yearHighly likelyevent-days in 28 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (93.3%)1021996 to 2023 (28 years)see B1-f
Landslide0.058events per year (modeled)about 1 in 17 yearsPossibleFEMA annualized frequency (modeled)not shownmodeledsee B1-f
Lightning34.5days per year with a strikeabout 34.5 days per yearHighly likelyFEMA annualized frequency (modeled)not shown1995 to 2023 (29 years; CONUS)countywide
Strong Wind5.69events per yearabout 5.69 per yearHighly likelyFEMA annualized frequency (modeled)2171986 to 2023 (38 years)countywide
Tornado0.0933events per yearabout 1 in 11 yearsPossibleFEMA annualized frequency (modeled)not shown1950 to 2023 (EF2+); 1986 to 2023 (EF0-1)see B1-f
Tsunamiannual probability at the most exposed location (used in place of a county value)Storm Events records in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%)not shownmodeledsee B1-fNo Storm Events record of this hazard, 1996 to 2025; descriptor not assigned (the NRI value is the chance at a location in the county, not how often the hazard affects the county)
Volcanic Activityannual probabilitynot shownmodeledsee B1-fNot Applicable in NRI for this county; no descriptor.
Wildfire0.00136annual probability at a locationchance a given location in the county burns in a year: 0.136%LikelyStorm Events records in 8 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (26.7%)not shownmodeledsee B1-fDescriptor from Storm Events, not NRI: the NRI value is the chance at a location in the county, not how often the hazard affects the county.
Winter Weather10.7event-days per yearabout 10.7 days per yearHighly likelyevent-days in 29 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (96.7%)2032005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years)countywide

FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) comes from the National Risk Index v1.20 (December 2025). It is not recorded events divided by years, and what it measures depends on the hazard. For most hazards it estimates how often the hazard affects this county each year: it counts events or event-days (drought, heat wave, cold wave, winter weather, ice storm and inland flooding are in days per year; lightning is the number of days per year with a recorded cloud-to-ground strike, from the NOAA Storm Prediction Center daily lightning climatology); it may count events in the surrounding area (hail, strong wind, tornado, hurricane and ice storm use a 49 km grid and buffers) and is averaged over the county's area; and some hazards use a minimum value for places with no recorded event. Earthquake, wildfire and coastal flooding are different: FEMA computes them for each census block and averages them over the county, so the value is the chance (for coastal flooding, the modeled number of floods per year) at a location in the county, which is lower than the chance that the hazard strikes somewhere in the county. Earthquake is the chance of at least minor-damage shaking (U.S. Geological Survey model); wildfire is the chance that a location burns in a large fire (U.S. Forest Service burn probability); coastal flooding comes from FEMA flood zones and NOAA high-tide flooding, so it can be above 1 where high-tide flooding is frequent. Tsunami is the value at the county's most exposed location, from recorded events and modeled return periods. For these four hazards the packet gives no "1 in N years" and takes the descriptor from Storm Events (none for earthquake) unless the value is 1 or more a year. Landslide is a U.S. Geological Survey modeled county rate spread by slope susceptibility. Volcanic activity is the chance that a volcano affecting the county erupts in a year. Drought counts only extreme and exceptional drought (D3 and D4). Source: FEMA, National Risk Index Technical Documentation v1.20, sections 5.2.2 (Table 5), 5.2.3, 7.4, 10.4, 16.5, 17.1, 17.3.1, 17.5, 20.3.1, 21.4, 22.4 and 6 to 23.

Sources

FEMA, FEMA National Risk Index 1.20.0 (December 2025), county and census tract tables, version 1.20.0, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_Counties.zip (download, 25 MB), https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_CensusTracts.zip (download, 635 MB)

NOAA NCEI, NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, details files (csvfiles v1.0), version c20260918, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/swdi/stormevents/csvfiles/

Descriptor scale used in this packet (defined per unit)

UnitDescriptorDefinition
events per yearHighly likely1 or more per year
events per yearLikelyabout once in 1 to 10 years
events per yearPossibleabout once in 10 to 100 years
events per yearUnlikelyless than once in 100 years
annual probabilityLikely10% to under 100% chance in a given year
annual probabilityPossible1% to under 10% chance in a given year
annual probabilityUnlikelyunder 1% chance in a given year
event-days (share of years)Highly likelyevent-days recorded in 90% or more of years
event-days (share of years)Likelyevent-days recorded in 10% to under 90% of years
event-days (share of years)Possibleevent-days recorded in some years but under 10% of years
lightning strike-daysHighly likelycloud-to-ground strikes on 1 or more days per year

Sources

FEMA, FEMA National Risk Index 1.20.0 (December 2025), county and census tract tables, version 1.20.0, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_Counties.zip (download, 25 MB), https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_CensusTracts.zip (download, 635 MB)

NOAA NCEI, NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, details files (csvfiles v1.0), version c20260918, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/swdi/stormevents/csvfiles/

Intensity bands: historical frequency (Storm Events)

HazardBandYearsEventscounty-coded recordsYears in periodEvents per yearevents / years
Hail1.00-1.99 in1996 to 202537301.23
Hail2.00 in+1996 to 20251300.0333
Strong Wind (Thunderstorm Wind records)50-64 kt1996 to 20253043010.1
Strong Wind (Thunderstorm Wind records)65 kt+1996 to 20257300.233
Strong Wind (Thunderstorm Wind records)unmeasured or below 50 kt1996 to 20256300.2
TornadoEF0-11996 to 20255300.167
TornadoEF2-31996 to 20250300
TornadoEF4-51996 to 20250300
Tornadounrated (EFU)1996 to 20250300

Hail smaller than 1 inch is not counted: on 2010-01-05 the National Weather Service raised its severe-hail threshold from 3/4 inch to 1 inch, so smaller reports became less common after 2009 (NWS Service Change Notice 09-52). NRI hail frequency uses a 0.75 inch threshold.

Source

NOAA NCEI, NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, details files (csvfiles v1.0), version c20260918, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/swdi/stormevents/csvfiles/

Optional: future conditions. Not a required item in the 2025 FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Policy Guide; some states ask for it. The federal Climate Mapping for Resilience and Adaptation (CMRA) site gives county exposure to future climate conditions.

Supports B1-f: variation across the planning area

Range of census tract risk within the county

HazardTractsrated of allRisk score minNRI score, 0 to 100MedianMaxTracts by ratingNote
Avalanche0 of 129Not Applicable 129
Coastal Flooding57 of 12969.680.897.8Relatively High 7, Relatively Moderate 6, Relatively Low 18, Very Low 26, No Rating 72
Cold Wave129 of 12929.651.875.2Relatively Moderate 80, Relatively Low 49National data give a county-wide or coarse (49 km grid or NWS zone) frequency for this hazard, so they cannot show members' hazard differing. The tract range above mostly reflects where buildings and people are. Confirm locally.
Drought34 of 12966.979.797.5Relatively Moderate 3, Relatively Low 18, Very Low 13, No Rating 95National data give a county-wide or coarse (49 km grid or NWS zone) frequency for this hazard, so they cannot show members' hazard differing. Agriculture is all of NRI's expected annual loss for this hazard in the county, so the tract range above mostly reflects where crop and livestock value is, not where buildings and people are. Confirm locally.
Earthquake129 of 12933.966.185.1Relatively Moderate 13, Relatively Low 109, Very Low 7
Hail129 of 1292.311.075.6Relatively Moderate 1, Relatively Low 3, Very Low 125National data give a county-wide or coarse (49 km grid or NWS zone) frequency for this hazard, so they cannot show members' hazard differing. Agriculture is 56% of NRI's expected annual loss for this hazard in the county, so the tract range above mostly reflects where crop and livestock value is, not where buildings and people are. Confirm locally.
Heat Wave129 of 12929.766.488.3Relatively High 9, Relatively Moderate 83, Relatively Low 37National data give a county-wide or coarse (49 km grid or NWS zone) frequency for this hazard, so they cannot show members' hazard differing. The tract range above mostly reflects where buildings and people are. Confirm locally.
Hurricane129 of 12950.263.583.6Relatively Moderate 5, Relatively Low 123, Very Low 1
Ice Storm129 of 12912.274.890.8Relatively High 1, Relatively Moderate 85, Relatively Low 37, Very Low 6National data give a county-wide or coarse (49 km grid or NWS zone) frequency for this hazard, so they cannot show members' hazard differing. The tract range above mostly reflects where buildings and people are. Confirm locally.
Inland Flooding129 of 1293.238.398.3Very High 2, Relatively High 18, Relatively Moderate 33, Relatively Low 54, Very Low 22
Landslide129 of 12910.655.584.0Relatively Low 1, Very Low 128
Lightning129 of 12926.558.486.3Relatively High 13, Relatively Moderate 78, Relatively Low 38National data give a county-wide or coarse (49 km grid or NWS zone) frequency for this hazard, so they cannot show members' hazard differing. The tract range above mostly reflects where buildings and people are. Confirm locally.
Strong Wind129 of 12923.950.484.8Relatively High 2, Relatively Moderate 53, Relatively Low 74National data give a county-wide or coarse (49 km grid or NWS zone) frequency for this hazard, so they cannot show members' hazard differing. The tract range above mostly reflects where buildings and people are. Confirm locally.
Tornado129 of 12922.438.959.3Relatively Moderate 7, Relatively Low 116, Very Low 6
Tsunami0 of 129Insufficient Data 129
Volcanic Activity0 of 129Not Applicable 129
Wildfire96 of 12918.673.893.8Relatively Moderate 8, Relatively Low 46, Very Low 42, No Rating 33
Winter Weather129 of 12963.088.597.3Very High 9, Relatively High 103, Relatively Moderate 17National data give a county-wide or coarse (49 km grid or NWS zone) frequency for this hazard, so they cannot show members' hazard differing. The tract range above mostly reflects where buildings and people are. Confirm locally.

Rated tracts only: No Rating (score 0.0), Not Applicable and Insufficient Data tracts are counted but not used for the minimum, median and maximum.

Source

FEMA, FEMA National Risk Index 1.20.0 (December 2025), county and census tract tables, version 1.20.0, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_Counties.zip (download, 25 MB), https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_CensusTracts.zip (download, 635 MB)

Per-member block (Starter, confirm locally)

MemberTypePlan statusRepetitive lossFMA RL and SRL (44 CFR 77.2); repeat-flood, any definitionPublic Assistance matchedfederal share obligated, nominal dollarsEvent records naming this placeall years; since the member's planNotes
Camden CountyCountyApproved, expires 2027-03-06$3,358,589.330; 0No NFIP community ID on this member's plan row. Includes $334,537.99 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4231-NJ, DR-4488-NJ, EM-3169-NJ).
Audubon boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0$94,521.954; 0
Audubon Park boroughBoroughNo approved plan on recordFMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0none found0; no approved plan
Barrington boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0$154,839.319; 2Includes $59,409.05 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4231-NJ, DR-4488-NJ).
Bellmawr boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 1$177,711.206; 0Includes $18,882.32 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4231-NJ, DR-4488-NJ).
Berlin boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0$259,218.072; 0Includes $209,667.65 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4231-NJ).
Brooklawn boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 2; any 4$20,00916; 3
Camden cityCityApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 4; any 45$420,052.6749; 3Includes $75,621.79 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4231-NJ).
Chesilhurst boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0$58,254.074; 0Includes $22,974.97 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4231-NJ, DR-4488-NJ).
Clementon boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0$112,873.189; 0Includes $63,302.03 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4231-NJ).
Collingswood boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 1; any 3$192,150.4419; 1
Gibbsboro boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0$50,872.5319; 4Includes $27,794.48 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4231-NJ).
Gloucester City cityCityApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 1none found14; 0
Haddon Heights boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0$96,221.5214; 1
Haddonfield boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 1; any 4$337,26840; 6Includes $106,119.10 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4231-NJ, DR-4488-NJ).
Hi-Nella boroughBoroughNo approved plan on recordFMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0$18,523.540; no approved planIncludes $13,734.37 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4231-NJ).
Laurel Springs boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0$54,354.372; 2Includes $25,274.58 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4231-NJ).
Lawnside boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0$13,947.050; 0
Lindenwold boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0$261,645.063; 0Includes $90,945.61 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4231-NJ, DR-4488-NJ).
Magnolia boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0$47,528.175; 2Includes $13,039.86 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4231-NJ).
Merchantville boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0$145,994.6015; 1Includes $40,294.25 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4231-NJ).
Mount Ephraim boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0$110,943.363; 0
Oaklyn boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0$47,040.8211; 3
Pine Hill boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 1$143,414.725; 0Includes $111,331.10 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4231-NJ).
Pine Valley boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0none found0; 0
Runnemede boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 1$249,091.163; 0Includes $153,960.48 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4488-NJ).
Somerdale boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 1$101,419.5317; 4Includes $21,583.28 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4231-NJ).
Stratford boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0$243,608.721; 0Includes $189,082.71 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4231-NJ, DR-4488-NJ).
Tavistock boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0none found2; 0
Woodlynne boroughBoroughApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 4$34,526.589; 2
Berlin townshipTownshipApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0$268,496.572; 0Includes $164,564.55 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4231-NJ, DR-4488-NJ).
Cherry Hill townshipTownshipApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 4; any 12$1,543,210.7055; 4Includes $457,382 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4231-NJ).
Gloucester townshipTownshipApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 1$2,844,006.110; 0Includes $1,410,353.59 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4231-NJ, DR-4488-NJ).
Haddon townshipTownshipApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 1; any 4$420,202.070; 0Includes $68,583.58 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4231-NJ).
Pennsauken townshipTownshipApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 15$487,532.5515; 0Includes $142,821.44 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4231-NJ).
Voorhees townshipTownshipApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 2$520,084.270; 0Includes $205,034.04 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4231-NJ, DR-4488-NJ).
Waterford townshipTownshipApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 1$260,7630; 0Includes $157,213.19 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4231-NJ).
Winslow townshipTownshipApproved, expires 2027-03-06FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 1$471,338.4410; 0Includes $297,997.32 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4231-NJ, DR-4488-NJ).

Member rows are whole NFIP communities and need not add up to the county total: a community that extends into another county is counted in full on each member row, while the county table counts only its part in this county.

School districts and special districts get a plan clock row only.

Sources

FEMA, OpenFEMA HazardMitigationPlanStatuses v1, version 2026-09-26T121003Z, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/HazardMitigationPlanStatuses (API)

FEMA, OpenFEMA NfipMultipleLossProperties v1, version 2026-08-04T164045Z, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/NfipMultipleLossProperties (API)

FEMA, OpenFEMA PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries v1, version 2026-09-26T151157Z, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries (API)

NOAA NCEI, NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, details files (csvfiles v1.0), version c20260918, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/swdi/stormevents/csvfiles/

Supports B2-a and B2-b: assets and impacts

Local data required

County-level starter. The plan must describe impacts for each participant and its own assets.

  • Critical facilities and lifelines per hazard
  • A problem statement per participant per hazard
  • Changes in development in hazard-prone areas since the last approval, or a statement of none (E1-a)
  • Future assets

County-level starter: exposure, expected annual loss and damage since the plan

HazardBuilding exposuremodeled dollarsAgriculture exposuremodeled dollarsPopulation exposedpeopleEAL buildingsmodeled dollars per yearEAL agriculturemodeled dollars per yearEAL population equivalencestatistical value of life and injury, $13.7M per life, not property damageEAL as % of exposurebuildings; agriculture where notedStorm Events damage since 2022-03-07county-coded records, property plus crops, nominal dollarsZone-level damage since planproperty plus crops, reported for the zonePublic Assistance since plannominal dollars; see noteNote
AvalancheNot Applicable in NRI for this county
Coastal Flooding$6,511,722,91928,963$1,533,520$22,9610.0236%$0
Cold Wave$101,788,774,889$29,477,990523,339$7,269$12$7,263,426under 0.0001%$0
Drought$25,859,171$461,1811.78% (agriculture)NRI has no building exposure for this hazard; agriculture shown
Earthquake$175,680,274,741523,485$6,967,919$2,818,7130.00397%
Hail$101,788,774,889$29,477,990523,339$48,497$64,432$2,088under 0.0001%$0
Heat Wave$101,788,774,889$29,477,990523,339under $1$229$8,385,026under 0.0001%$0
Hurricane$101,762,457,094$29,477,990523,142$4,986,142$175,546$202,8540.0049%
Ice Storm$101,618,464,593522,255$365,593$1,272,1150.00036%
Inland Flooding$101,710,367,816$720,99814,608$74,272,699$22,717$1,208,341n/a (see note)$70,000NRI counts the full building value of any census block with some flood loss; this is not the value of buildings in the floodplain. Use local FIRM overlays for B2-a/B2-b. EAL as % of exposure: n/a.
Landslide$550,360,3122,425$1,743$50.000317%
Lightning$101,788,774,889523,339$104,532$1,909,0390.000103%
Strong Wind$101,788,774,889$29,477,990523,339$1,819,534$4,546$658,8490.00179%$0
Tornado$101,788,774,889$29,477,990523,339$2,235,938$52$2,444,7720.0022%$0
TsunamiNRI publishes no building exposure for this county
Volcanic ActivityNot Applicable in NRI for this county
Wildfire$5,586,502,134$15,719,32049,391$613,798$191$97,0150.011%
Winter Weather$101,788,774,889$29,477,990523,339$527,297$9$1,434,1390.000518%$0

Totals since 2022-03-07 (Storm Events through 2026-06-30): 88 county-coded records, 59 with a damage value recorded (including $0), $70,000; 37 zone-level records, 26 with a damage value recorded (including $0), $0 reported for the zone; Public Assistance on counted declarations none found (0 declarations, 0 with PA).

Total = buildings + agriculture + population equivalence; FEMA values each expected death (or 10 injuries) at $13.7 million (2024 dollars).

FEMA does not split Public Assistance by hazard. A declaration mapped to several hazards is listed under each of them with its full amount, so the per-hazard column must not be added up; the unit total counts each declaration once.

Dollars are nominal (as reported), labeled with the year; not adjusted for inflation.

Sources

FEMA, FEMA National Risk Index 1.20.0 (December 2025), county and census tract tables, version 1.20.0, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_Counties.zip (download, 25 MB), https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_CensusTracts.zip (download, 635 MB)

NOAA NCEI, NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, details files (csvfiles v1.0), version c20260918, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/swdi/stormevents/csvfiles/

NOAA National Weather Service, NWS county-public forecast zones correlation file, version bp03mr20 to bp16ap26 (11 files; newest bp16ap26), pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.weather.gov/gis/ZoneCounty

FEMA, OpenFEMA DisasterDeclarationsSummaries v2, version 2026-09-27T010817Z, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v2/DisasterDeclarationsSummaries (API)

FEMA, OpenFEMA PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries v1, version 2026-09-26T151157Z, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries (API)

FEMA, OpenFEMA HazardMitigationPlanStatuses v1, version 2026-09-26T121003Z, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/HazardMitigationPlanStatuses (API)

Supports B2-a: context

County context

MeasureValue
Population523,339
Building value (total, not at risk)$101,788,774,889
Agriculture value (total, not at risk)$29,477,990
NRI risk rating (all hazards)Relatively Moderate
Expected annual loss, buildings and agriculture, all hazards$94,213,397
Expected annual loss, population equivalence, all hazards (NRI values each statistical life at $13.7M; a modeled value of expected deaths and injuries, not property damage)$27,719,343
Social vulnerability ratingRelatively Moderate
Community resilience ratingRelatively High
NRI versionDecember 2025

FEMA's all-hazard expected annual loss total adds buildings, agriculture and population equivalence; the two parts are shown separately so the property figure is not read as including the statistical value of life.

Source

FEMA, FEMA National Risk Index 1.20.0 (December 2025), county and census tract tables, version 1.20.0, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_Counties.zip (download, 25 MB), https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_CensusTracts.zip (download, 635 MB)

Supports B2-c: repetitive loss

Repetitive loss in this county, both definitions

DefinitionPropertiesSevere repetitive lossProperties
Repetitive loss, FMA definition (44 CFR 77.2)0Severe repetitive loss, FMA definition (44 CFR 77.2)13
Repetitive loss, NFIP insurance definition104Severe repetitive loss, NFIP insurance definition14

Your state NFIP coordinator's list may use the NFIP insurance definition, so its counts can be higher.

Repeat-flood properties: county and state-level rows

ScopeRL, FMApropertiesSRL, FMApropertiesRL, NFIPpropertiesSRL, NFIPpropertiesAny categorypropertiesMitigatedpropertiesCurrently insuredproperties
County total01310414104033
BELLMAWR, BOROUGH OF0010101
BROOKLAWN, BOROUGH OF0242401
CAMDEN, CITY OF0445445017
CHERRY HILL, TOWNSHIP OF041241204
COLLINGSWOOD, BOROUGH OF0131301
GLOUCESTER, CITY OF0010101
GLOUCESTER, TOWNSHIP OF0010101
HADDON, TOWNSHIP OF0141401
PENNSAUKEN, TOWNSHIP OF001511502
PINE HILL, BOROUGH OF0010100
RUNNEMEDE, BOROUGH OF0010100
SOMERDALE, BOROUGH OF0010100
WATERFORD, TOWNSHIP OF0010100
WINSLOW, TOWNSHIP OF0010100
WOODLYNNE, BOROUGH OF0040401
HADDONFIELD, BOROUGH OF0141402
VOORHEES, TOWNSHIP OF0020201
Unknown (community ID Unknown in FEMA data)0030300
State level, not in this county: county not reported0150610

Repeat-flood properties by plan member (NFIP community)

MemberNFIP community IDRL, FMApropertiesSRL, FMApropertiesRL, NFIPpropertiesSRL, NFIPpropertiesAny categorypropertiesMitigatedpropertiesCurrently insuredpropertiesNote
Audubon borough3401210000000
Audubon Park borough3401220000000
Barrington borough3405790000000
Bellmawr borough3401240010101
Berlin borough3401250000000
Brooklawn borough3401270242401
Camden city3401280445445017
Chesilhurst borough3403970000000
Clementon borough3401300000000
Collingswood borough3401310131301
Gibbsboro borough3405450000000
Gloucester City city3401320010101
Haddon Heights borough3401360000000
Haddonfield borough3405010141402
Hi-Nella borough3405300000000
Laurel Springs borough3405470000000
Lawnside borough3405020000000
Lindenwold borough3401370000000
Magnolia borough3401380000000
Merchantville borough3405690000000
Mount Ephraim borough3401400000000
Oaklyn borough3401410000000
Pine Hill borough3401430010100
Pine Valley borough3403650000000
Runnemede borough3401440010100
Somerdale borough3401450010100
Stratford borough3401460000000
Tavistock borough3405440000000
Woodlynne borough3401490040401
Berlin township3401260000000
Cherry Hill township340129041241204
Gloucester township3401330010101
Haddon township3401340141401
Pennsauken township340142001511502
Voorhees township3405380020201
Waterford township3401470010100
Winslow township3401480010100

Per-member types: XLSX sheet 'B2-c Members'.

Member rows are whole NFIP communities and need not add up to the county total: a community that extends into another county is counted in full on each member row, while the county table counts only its part in this county.

County repeat-flood properties by occupancy group

Occupancy groupRL, FMApropertiesSRL, FMApropertiesRL, NFIPpropertiesSRL, NFIPpropertiesAny categorypropertiesMitigatedpropertiesCurrently insuredproperties
single-family residential0888988029
2 to 4 unit residential0121201
other residential0020200
non-residential041241203
not reported0000000

Institutional properties cannot be separated in this data: FEMA's occupancy groups have no institutional class, so they fall in non-residential or other residential in the table by occupancy group.

FMA RL and FMA SRL are the Flood Mitigation Assistance definitions (44 CFR 77.2), the ones the FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Policy Guide cites; OpenFEMA's fmaRl field description omits the Increased Cost of Compliance clause of 44 CFR 77.2(i). NFIP repetitive loss (FEMA insurance definition, nfipRl) is 2 or more claims over $1,000 in 10 years and can drop to false when a property is mitigated. Also shown: NFIP severe repetitive loss, any category, mitigated and currently insured.

Your state NFIP coordinator's list may use the NFIP insurance definition, so its counts can be higher.

Counts are aggregates of FEMA's public NFIP Multiple Loss Properties file (as of 2026-08-02). No property is identified. County assignment is FEMA's geocode.

Counts may differ from your state NFIP coordinator's list, which is the source the Handbook names.

In this county 0 properties are FMA repetitive loss but not NFIP repetitive loss, and 104 properties are NFIP repetitive loss but not FMA repetitive loss.

Exact counts; no count suppression.

Sources

Every table above lists its own sources. The full list, for the plan's bibliography (FEMA review item A4-a):

  1. FEMA, OpenFEMA HazardMitigationPlanStatuses v1, version 2026-09-26T121003Z, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/HazardMitigationPlanStatuses (API)
  2. FEMA, OpenFEMA DisasterDeclarationsSummaries v2, version 2026-09-27T010817Z, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v2/DisasterDeclarationsSummaries (API)
  3. FEMA, OpenFEMA PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries v1, version 2026-09-26T151157Z, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries (API)
  4. FEMA, OpenFEMA NfipMultipleLossProperties v1, version 2026-08-04T164045Z, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/NfipMultipleLossProperties (API)
  5. FEMA, FEMA National Risk Index 1.20.0 (December 2025), county and census tract tables, version 1.20.0, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_Counties.zip (download, 25 MB), https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_CensusTracts.zip (download, 635 MB)
  6. NOAA NCEI, NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, details files (csvfiles v1.0), version c20260918, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/swdi/stormevents/csvfiles/
  7. NOAA National Weather Service, NWS county-public forecast zones correlation file, version bp03mr20 to bp16ap26 (11 files; newest bp16ap26), pulled 2026-09-28, https://www.weather.gov/gis/ZoneCounty
  8. U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2024 Gazetteer, 2020 place by county, CT county-to-cousub crosswalk, version 2024-gazetteer, pulled 2026-09-28, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_counties_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_cousubs_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_place_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_unsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_elsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_scsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/reference/codes2020/national_place_by_county2020.txt, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/reference/ct_change/ct_cou_to_cousub_crosswalk.xlsx

OpenFEMA disclaimer

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

Hazard Plain is an independent product built from public federal data. It is not a FEMA document and is not reviewed or endorsed by FEMA or any state agency.

Reuse, citation and corrections

Reuse and citation: Hazard Plain text and tables are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); credit Hazard Plain and the release. The underlying federal data are public domain; OpenFEMA data are also subject to the OpenFEMA terms and conditions.

Cite this: Hazard Plain (2026). Camden County, NJ: risk-assessment baseline packet, release 2026-10 (data as of 2026-09-28; County area 34007). Preview: automated baseline. Built from FEMA OpenFEMA, the FEMA National Risk Index and NOAA NCEI Storm Events; source versions in the packet's Sources list.

Corrections: to report an error, name the packet, the table and what your records show. Contact: to be added

Hazard Plain release 2026-10. As of 2026-09-28; Storm Events data through 2026-06-30. File hazard-plain_2026-10_NJ_34007. Preview: automated baseline.