Summary
Plan status as of 2026-09-30: Approved, expires 2028-01-25. Plan: Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781), approved 2023-01-26.
Since the plan was approved on 2023-01-26: 1 new hazard declaration (1 incident): DR-4757-MI (Severe Storms, Tornadoes, and Flooding).
NOAA Storm Events records since that date: 71 records (data through 2026-06-30).
Highest expected annual loss (FEMA National Risk Index, modeled total; see B1-a): Inland Flooding ($89,051,560 a year), Tornado ($27,886,387) and Strong Wind ($9,936,296).
Repetitive-loss flood properties now: FMA RL 9, SRL 12 (44 CFR 77.2); any definition: 73.
The tables that follow are organized by the items of FEMA's Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool, Element B (B1-a to B2-c); each heading says which item its tables support.
Plan clock
- Status:
- Approved, expires 2028-01-25
- Plan:
- Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781)
- Approved:
- 2023-01-26
- Days to expiry:
- 482
What changed since your last plan (approved 2023-01-26)
- New federal declarations:
- 1 new hazard declaration (1 incident): DR-4757-MI (Severe Storms, Tornadoes, and Flooding)
- Storm Events records since approval:
- 71 records (data through 2026-06-30)
- Repetitive loss now:
- FMA RL 9, SRL 12 (44 CFR 77.2); any definition: 73
- Repeat-flood change:
- this release sets the baseline count.
Sources: 1, 2, 4, 6 (numbered list at the end)
Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county: 36 rows, in the section "Plan clock: Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county" on the following pages.
State plan status and tribal plans in this state: see the state page.
Plan clock
Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county
Source: 1
| Jurisdiction | Type | Status | Plan | Approved | Expires | Days to expirynegative = days since expiry | Update underway | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kent County | County | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781) | 2023-01-26 | 2028-01-25 | 482 | this jurisdiction approved 2023-05-05 | |
| Caledonia village | Village | Plan 108781 approved 2023-01-26, pending adoption here; not yet eligible | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781), pending adoption here | 2023-01-26 by FEMA; not yet adopted here | 2028-01-25 once adopted | FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption | Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan. | |
| Casnovia village | Village | Approved, expires 2030-05-20 | Muskegon County 2025 Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 110169) | 2025-05-21 | 2030-05-20 | 1,328 | this jurisdiction approved 2025-07-30 | |
| Cedar Springs city | City | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781) | 2023-01-26 | 2028-01-25 | 482 | this jurisdiction approved 2023-08-25 | |
| East Grand Rapids city | City | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781) | 2023-01-26 | 2028-01-25 | 482 | this jurisdiction approved 2023-08-25 | |
| Grand Rapids city | City | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781) | 2023-01-26 | 2028-01-25 | 482 | ||
| Grandville city | City | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781) | 2023-01-26 | 2028-01-25 | 482 | this jurisdiction approved 2023-06-01 | |
| Kent City village | Village | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781) | 2023-01-26 | 2028-01-25 | 482 | this jurisdiction approved 2023-08-25 | |
| Kentwood city | City | Plan 108781 approved 2023-01-26, pending adoption here; not yet eligible | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781), pending adoption here | 2023-01-26 by FEMA; not yet adopted here | 2028-01-25 once adopted | FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption | Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan. | |
| Lowell city | City | Plan 108781 approved 2023-01-26, pending adoption here; not yet eligible | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781), pending adoption here | 2023-01-26 by FEMA; not yet adopted here | 2028-01-25 once adopted | FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption | Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan. | |
| Rockford city | City | Plan 108781 approved 2023-01-26, pending adoption here; not yet eligible | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781), pending adoption here | 2023-01-26 by FEMA; not yet adopted here | 2028-01-25 once adopted | FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption | Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan. | |
| Sand Lake village | Village | Plan 108781 approved 2023-01-26, pending adoption here; not yet eligible | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781), pending adoption here | 2023-01-26 by FEMA; not yet adopted here | 2028-01-25 once adopted | FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption | Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan. | |
| Sparta village | Village | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781) | 2023-01-26 | 2028-01-25 | 482 | this jurisdiction approved 2023-08-25 | |
| Walker city | City | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781) | 2023-01-26 | 2028-01-25 | 482 | this jurisdiction approved 2023-05-18 | |
| Wyoming city | City | Plan 108781 approved 2023-01-26, pending adoption here; not yet eligible | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781), pending adoption here | 2023-01-26 by FEMA; not yet adopted here | 2028-01-25 once adopted | FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption | Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan. | |
| Ada township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781) | 2023-01-26 | 2028-01-25 | 482 | this jurisdiction approved 2023-06-01 | |
| Algoma township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781) | 2023-01-26 | 2028-01-25 | 482 | this jurisdiction approved 2023-08-25 | |
| Alpine township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781) | 2023-01-26 | 2028-01-25 | 482 | this jurisdiction approved 2023-05-18 | |
| Bowne township | Township | Plan 108781 approved 2023-01-26, pending adoption here; not yet eligible | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781), pending adoption here | 2023-01-26 by FEMA; not yet adopted here | 2028-01-25 once adopted | FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption | Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan. | |
| Byron township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781) | 2023-01-26 | 2028-01-25 | 482 | this jurisdiction approved 2023-05-18 | |
| Caledonia township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781) | 2023-01-26 | 2028-01-25 | 482 | this jurisdiction approved 2023-06-01 | |
| Cannon township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781) | 2023-01-26 | 2028-01-25 | 482 | this jurisdiction approved 2023-05-18 | |
| Cascade charter township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781) | 2023-01-26 | 2028-01-25 | 482 | this jurisdiction approved 2023-06-01 | |
| Courtland township | Township | Plan 108781 approved 2023-01-26, pending adoption here; not yet eligible | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781), pending adoption here | 2023-01-26 by FEMA; not yet adopted here | 2028-01-25 once adopted | FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption | Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan. | |
| Gaines charter township | Township | Plan 108781 approved 2023-01-26, pending adoption here; not yet eligible | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781), pending adoption here | 2023-01-26 by FEMA; not yet adopted here | 2028-01-25 once adopted | FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption | Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan. | |
| Grand Rapids charter township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781) | 2023-01-26 | 2028-01-25 | 482 | this jurisdiction approved 2023-06-01 | |
| Grattan township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781) | 2023-01-26 | 2028-01-25 | 482 | this jurisdiction approved 2023-05-18 | |
| Lowell charter township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781) | 2023-01-26 | 2028-01-25 | 482 | this jurisdiction approved 2023-08-25 | |
| Nelson township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781) | 2023-01-26 | 2028-01-25 | 482 | this jurisdiction approved 2023-08-25 | |
| Oakfield township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781) | 2023-01-26 | 2028-01-25 | 482 | this jurisdiction approved 2023-08-25 | |
| Plainfield charter township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781) | 2023-01-26 | 2028-01-25 | 482 | this jurisdiction approved 2023-03-20 | |
| Solon township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781) | 2023-01-26 | 2028-01-25 | 482 | this jurisdiction approved 2023-08-25 | |
| Sparta township | Township | Plan 108781 approved 2023-01-26, pending adoption here; not yet eligible | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781), pending adoption here | 2023-01-26 by FEMA; not yet adopted here | 2028-01-25 once adopted | FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption | Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan. | |
| Spencer township | Township | Plan 108781 approved 2023-01-26, pending adoption here; not yet eligible | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781), pending adoption here | 2023-01-26 by FEMA; not yet adopted here | 2028-01-25 once adopted | FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption | Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan. | |
| Tyrone township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781) | 2023-01-26 | 2028-01-25 | 482 | this jurisdiction approved 2023-05-18 | |
| Vergennes township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | Kent County (Ottawa County) (FEMA plan 108781) | 2023-01-26 | 2028-01-25 | 482 | this jurisdiction approved 2023-06-01 |
Supports FEMA checklist item B1-a: hazard identification
Hazards NRI does not cover (local data needed)
- dam failure (incl. upstream dams)
- levee failure
- flash flood as its own subtype
- ice jams
- debris flows
- erosion (riverine and coastal)
- land subsidence and sinkholes
- expansive soils
The 18 National Risk Index hazards, ranked by expected annual loss (EAL)
Sources: 5, 6
| Rank by EAL | Hazard | NRI risk rating | EAL rating | EAL buildingsmodeled dollars per year | EAL agriculturemodeled dollars per year | Cost of expected deaths and injuriesFEMA's dollar value per year, not property damage | EAL total (see note)modeled dollars per year | Storm Events records, 1996 to 2026-06-30count | Storm Events coverage note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Inland Flooding | Relatively High | Relatively High | $88,995,237 | $32,665 | $23,658 | $89,051,560 | 29 | |
| 2 | Tornado | Relatively High | Relatively High | $14,091,032 | $6,408 | $13,788,946 | $27,886,387 | 22 | |
| 3 | Strong Wind | Very High | Very High | $3,933,012 | $1,063,261 | $4,940,024 | $9,936,296 | 207 | Includes 17 High Wind and 2 Strong Wind records (NOAA non-thunderstorm wind types, outside NRI's Strong Wind definition). |
| 4 | Cold Wave | Relatively High | Relatively High | $240 | $140,189 | $8,023,142 | $8,163,571 | 1 | |
| 5 | Heat Wave | Relatively Moderate | Relatively Moderate | $190 | $3 | $7,581,222 | $7,581,415 | 1 | |
| 6 | Earthquake | Relatively Low | Relatively Low | $933,740 | n/a | $314,960 | $1,248,700 | Storm Events does not record earthquakes. | |
| 7 | Winter Weather | Relatively High | Very High | $267,350 | $2,736 | $679,724 | $949,810 | 109 | Includes 1 Sleet record (outside NRI's Winter Weather definition). |
| 8 | Hail | Relatively Moderate | Relatively Moderate | $762,932 | $26,436 | $13,761 | $803,128 | 92 | |
| 9 | Ice Storm | Relatively High | Relatively High | $517,090 | n/a | $157,695 | $674,785 | 5 | |
| 10 | Lightning | Relatively Moderate | Relatively Moderate | $63,629 | n/a | $601,769 | $665,397 | 3 | |
| 11 | Wildfire | Very Low | Very Low | $33,546 | $15 | $3,807 | $37,368 | 0 | No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30). |
| 12 | Landslide | Relatively Low | Relatively Low | $10,350 | n/a | $19,627 | $29,977 | 0 | No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30). |
| 13 | Hurricane | Very Low | Very Low | $15,461 | $7,422 | $20 | $22,903 | 0 | No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30). |
| 14 | Drought | No Rating | No Expected Annual Losses | n/a | $0 | n/a | $0 | 0 | No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30). |
Total = buildings + agriculture + population equivalence; FEMA values each expected death (or 10 injuries) at $13.7 million (2024 dollars).
NRI risk rating combines expected annual loss with social vulnerability and community resilience; EAL rating rates expected annual loss alone. Both compare this county with all U.S. counties.
Local data needed: state and local wildfire and landslide records (Storm Events records these hazards only in part).
Not applicable to this county per NRI, with no federal declaration and no Storm Events record since 1996: avalanche, coastal flooding, tsunami and volcanic activity. That is the evidence for leaving them out of the plan.
The state hazard mitigation plan also lists hazards for this county; FEMA asks the plan to explain any hazard it leaves out.
Supports FEMA checklist item B1-b: hazard location
Affects the whole county (national data give no location within it): Cold Wave, Drought, Hail, Heat Wave, Ice Storm, Lightning, Strong Wind and Winter Weather.
Inland Flooding: The FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) is the required location source for flooding. See the FEMA Flood Map Service Center (https://msc.fema.gov) for this county.
Hazards that vary within the county: highest-rated census tracts
Source: 5
| Hazard | Highest-rated census tractsNRI risk rating, score 0 to 100 |
|---|---|
| Earthquake | tract 20 (Relatively Low, 58.5); tract 116.01 (Relatively Low, 51.5); tract 44 (Relatively Low, 44.4) |
| Hurricane | tract 120.02 (Very Low, 34.1); tract 101.01 (Very Low, 32.1); tract 120.03 (Very Low, 30.1) |
| Landslide | tract 119.01 (Relatively Moderate, 97.0); tract 120.02 (Relatively Low, 94.6); tract 120.03 (Relatively Low, 94.4) |
| Tornado | tract 20 (Very High, 93.6); tract 145.05 (Relatively High, 91.9); tract 146.05 (Relatively High, 89.9) |
| Wildfire | tract 120.03 (Relatively Low, 70.8); tract 120.02 (Relatively Low, 70.0); tract 119.01 (Relatively Low, 69.6) |
Up to 3 census tracts per hazard, highest National Risk Index rating first, then highest score; a tract number is the Census tract number (for example 20 is Census Tract 20). FEMA's Resilience Analysis and Planning Tool maps the National Risk Index for every tract: https://www.fema.gov/emergency-managers/practitioners/resilience-analysis-and-planning-tool
Supports FEMA checklist item B1-c: hazard extent
Extent: scale, observed range and worst recorded event per hazard
Sources: 6, 7
| Hazard | Scale | Recordscount and years | Observed range | Worst recorded event | Most damaging (when different) | How it applies to jurisdictions | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cold/Wind Chill, Extreme Cold/Wind Chill | wind chill | 1 record, 1996 (1 zone-level) | 5 days; 1 with a recorded value | 5 consecutive days, 1996-02-01 to 1996-02-05, zone-level | Countywide (zone-level records). | Wind chill: in event narratives only (local data needed). | |
| Frost/Freeze (outside NRI's Cold Wave definition) | crop damage | 0 | Temperature: in event narratives only (local data needed). | ||||
| Drought | U.S. Drought Monitor scale (D0 to D4) | 0 | Storm Events enters a drought at D2 or worse east of the Rockies and D3 or worse from the Rockies west (NWS Instruction 10-1605); NRI drought counts D3 and D4 only. | ||||
| Earthquake | Modified Mercalli (local data) | 0 | Storm Events does not record earthquakes; the USGS earthquake catalog is the source. | ||||
| Hail | hail size (inches) | 142 records, 1956 to 2026 | 0.5 in to 4 in (median 1 in); 141 with a recorded value | 4 in hail, 1993-08-01 | Hail, 2011-04-26, $12,000,000 property; crops not reported (2011 dollars) | Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Grand Rapids charter township (16 records), Grand Rapids city (16 records), Grandville city (8 records), Kentwood city (6 records), Cascade charter township (5 records), Kent City village (5 records), Lowell charter township (5 records), Lowell city (5 records), Wyoming city (4 records), Ada township (3 records); and 10 more jurisdictions (see the Excel file). | |
| Excessive Heat, Heat | heat index (in event narratives) | 1 record, 2018 (1 zone-level) | 1 day; 1 with a recorded value | 1 consecutive day, 2018-06-30, zone-level | Countywide (zone-level records). | Heat index: in event narratives only (local data needed). | |
| Hurricane, Tropical Storm, Tropical Depression | Saffir-Simpson | 0 | Storm Events files every zone of a storm's episode under the storm's type; flooding from the storm is filed as Flood or Flash Flood records. | ||||
| Ice Storm | Sperry-Piltz ice scale (local data) | 5 records, 1997 to 2019 (5 zone-level) | Ice Storm, 2019-02-05, $5,000,000 property; $0 crops (2019 dollars); NWS zone MIZ057 | Countywide (zone-level records). | Ice thickness: in event narratives only (local data needed). | ||
| Flash Flood, Flood, Lakeshore Flood | damage and flood days (flood depth: FIRM) | 29 records, 1996 to 2026 (7 zone-level) | Flood, 2004-05-21, $3,000,000 property; $200,000 crops (2004 dollars); NWS zone MIZ057 | Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Grand Rapids charter township (6 records), Grand Rapids city (6 records), Grandville city (2 records), Kentwood city (2 records), Ada township (1 record), Alpine township (1 record), Cascade charter township (1 record). Zone-level records (7) apply countywide. | Flood depth: see the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map. Storm Events damage is often $0 or blank for floods, major ones included; FEMA Public Assistance by declaration (B1-d) shows which floods cost the most. | ||
| Debris Flow | none (count and damage only) | 0 | Physical measure: in event narratives only (local data needed). | ||||
| Lightning | annualized frequency (the measure FEMA's Local Mitigation Planning Handbook names) | 3 records, 1998 to 2010 | Lightning, 2010-09-21, $500,000 property; crops not reported (2010 dollars) | Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Kentwood city (1 record). | Storm Events lists lightning with damage or casualties; physical measure in event narratives only (local data needed). | ||
| High Wind and Strong Wind (outside NRI's Strong Wind definition) | wind speed (kt and mph) | 19 records, 1997 to 2021 (19 zone-level) | 42 kt (48 mph) to 66 kt (76 mph) (median 52.5 kt (60 mph)); 18 with a recorded value | 66 kt (76 mph), measurement type not recorded, High Wind, 1998-11-10; NWS zone MIZ057 | High Wind, 2017-03-08, $15,000,000 property; $0 crops, reported for the zone (2017 dollars) | Countywide (zone-level records). | |
| Thunderstorm Wind | wind speed (kt and mph) | 298 records, 1956 to 2026 | 48 kt (55 mph) to 87 kt (100 mph) (median 52.5 kt (60 mph)); 216 with a recorded value | 87 kt (100 mph) estimated gust, Thunderstorm Wind, 2019-09-11; same speed and measurement basis also recorded on 2016-08-20, 2019-09-11 | Thunderstorm Wind, 1998-05-31, $49,340,000 property; $20,000,000 crops (1998 dollars) | Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Grand Rapids charter township (28 records), Grand Rapids city (28 records), Lowell charter township (13 records), Lowell city (13 records), Sparta township (10 records), Sparta village (10 records), Cedar Springs city (9 records), Rockford city (9 records), Cascade charter township (8 records), Caledonia township (7 records); and 11 more jurisdictions (see the Excel file). | |
| Tornado | Enhanced Fujita (Fujita before Feb 2007) | 45 records, 1956 to 2026 | F/EF0 to F/EF5 (median F/EF1); 44 with a recorded value | F5 tornado, 1956-04-03, 33.8 mi path length (whole path, pre-1996), 400 yd wide, $25,000 property; crops not recorded (1956 dollars), 4 direct deaths, 130 direct injuries | Tornado, 1967-04-21, $25,000,000 property; crops not recorded (1967 dollars) | Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Rockford city (3 records), Grand Rapids charter township (2 records), Grand Rapids city (2 records), Lowell charter township (2 records), Lowell city (2 records), Alpine township (1 record), Caledonia township (1 record), Caledonia village (1 record), East Grand Rapids city (1 record), Grandville city (1 record); and 1 more jurisdiction (see the Excel file). | Before 1996 a tornado is listed once, under the county where it began, with its whole path's rating and length; from 1996 on, each county lists its own segment. Length is not used to rank tornadoes (see Methods). |
| Wildfire | acres burned (local data) | 0 | Acres burned: in event narratives only (local data needed). | ||||
| Winter Storm, Heavy Snow, Blizzard, Lake-Effect Snow, Winter Weather, Sleet | none in data (snowfall: local data) | 109 records, 1996 to 2026 (109 zone-level) | Winter Storm, 2018-04-14, $100,000 property; $0 crops (2018 dollars); NWS zone MIZ057 | Countywide (zone-level records). | Snow depth: in event narratives only (local data needed). |
Where a hazard names more than 10 jurisdictions, the table lists the 10 with the most records; every one is in the Excel file, sheet "B1-c Extent".
Storm Events records are more complete after 1996; before 1996 only Tornado (from 1950), Hail and Thunderstorm Wind (from 1955) exist. Zone-level records whose zone no NWS zone-county file places in this county (mostly before 2020) are not counted here (the Methods page explains the zone matching).
Dollars are nominal (as reported), labeled with the year; not adjusted for inflation.
Supports FEMA checklist item B1-d: previous occurrences
Federal declarations for this county: 13 declarations covering 9 separate hazard incidents counted in this packet (declarations for the same incident count once; non-natural and evacuation-only declarations are not counted).
Federal disaster declarations for this county
Sources: 1, 2, 3
| Declared | Incident began | FEMA number | Type | Title | Mapped hazard | County Public Assistancefederal share obligated, nominal dollars | Flags | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024-02-08 | 2023-08-24 | DR-4757-MI | Major disaster | Severe Storms, Tornadoes, and Flooding | Inland Flooding (primary); also designated: Tornado | PA not declared for this county | new since last plan; within last 5 years | |
| 2020-03-27 | 2020-01-20 | DR-4494-MI | Major disaster | COVID-19 Pandemic | Non-natural, not counted | $81,965,978.46 | ||
| 2020-03-13 | 2020-01-20 | EM-3455-MI | Emergency | COVID-19 | Non-natural, not counted | no Public Assistance recorded | same incident as DR-4494 | |
| 2013-06-18 | 2013-04-16 | DR-4121-MI | Major disaster | Flooding | Inland Flooding | $1,343,622.62 | ||
| 2005-09-07 | 2005-08-29 | EM-3225-MI | Emergency | Hurricane Katrina Evacuation | Hurricane: evacuation support, not a local hazard event; not counted | $72,230.79 | ||
| 2004-06-30 | 2004-05-20 | DR-1527-MI | Major disaster | Severe Storms, Tornadoes, and Flooding | Inland Flooding; Tornado | PA not declared for this county | ||
| 2001-01-10 | 2000-12-11 | EM-3160-MI | Emergency | Snow | Winter Weather | $362,501.43 | ||
| 1999-01-27 | 1999-01-02 | EM-3137-MI | Emergency | Mi - Severe Weather 1/2 /99 | Winter Weather | $286,511.38 | ||
| 1998-06-24 | 1998-05-29 | DR-1226-MI | Major disaster | Severe Storms | Hazard not mapped (severe storm title names no single hazard); not counted | no Public Assistance recorded | ||
| 1986-09-18 | 1986-09-10 | DR-774-MI | Major disaster | Severe Storms & Flooding | Inland Flooding | no Public Assistance recorded | ||
| 1978-01-27 | 1978-01-27 | EM-3057-MI | Emergency | Blizzards & Snowstorms | Winter Weather | no Public Assistance recorded | ||
| 1976-03-19 | 1976-03-19 | DR-495-MI | Major disaster | Severe Storms, Tornadoes, Icing & Flooding | Inland Flooding; Tornado | no Public Assistance recorded | ||
| 1965-04-14 | 1965-04-14 | DR-190-MI | Major disaster | Tornadoes & Severe Storms | Tornado | no Public Assistance recorded |
County Public Assistance: applicants the FEMA record places in this county, including any state agencies FEMA files there; statewide rows are listed on the state page; federal share obligated, nominal dollars.
Statewide declarations
Source: 2
| Declared | Incident began | FEMA number | Type | Title | Mapped hazard |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1956-04-05 | 1956-04-05 | DR-53-MI | Major disaster | Tornado | Tornado |
| 1953-06-09 | 1953-06-09 | DR-6-MI | Major disaster | Tornado | Tornado |
| 1953-06-02 | 1953-06-02 | DR-4-MI | Major disaster | Tornado | Tornado |
FEMA recorded these with designated area Statewide and no county, so they are listed on every county page in the state and not counted with county rows. Local data needed: whether each one affected this county.
Public Assistance filed under this county for declarations that do not list it: 1 row, $8,102.12
Sources: 2, 3
| FEMA number | Declared | Title | Applicant | PA obligatedfederal share obligated, nominal dollars |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EM-3189-MI | 2003-09-23 | Power Outage | MERCY HOSPITAL-PORT HURON | $8,102.12 |
FEMA's Public Assistance summaries file these applicants under this county, but FEMA's declaration rows for these disasters do not designate it (an electric cooperative or district serving several counties, for example). Not in any declaration row above and not counted.
Previous occurrences by hazard, with explicit no-event rows
Sources: 2, 6, 7
| Hazard | Storm Events records, all years on file(years in the Period column) | Since plan approvalrecords | In the 12 months before plan approvalrecords | Last 5 yearsrecords | Declared incidents, all yearsseparate disasters | Declared since approvalseparate disasters | Period | Statement |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cold Wave | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | |
| Drought | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events |
| Earthquake | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Storm Events does not record earthquakes; the USGS earthquake catalog is the source. | |
| Hail | 142 | 10 | 1 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 1955 to 2026-06-30 | |
| Heat Wave | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | |
| Hurricane | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events |
| Ice Storm | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | |
| Inland Flooding | 29 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 5 | 1 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | |
| Landslide | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events |
| Lightning | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | |
| Strong Wind | 317 | 47 | 4 | 54 | 0 | 0 | 1955 to 2026-06-30 | Includes 17 High Wind and 2 Strong Wind records. |
| Tornado | 45 | 7 | 0 | 7 | 4 | 1 | 1950 to 2026-06-30 | |
| Wildfire | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events |
| Winter Weather | 109 | 4 | 2 | 7 | 3 | 0 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | Includes 1 Sleet record. |
Notable Storm Events records
Sources: 1, 6, 7
| Date | Event type | Magnitude or extent | Damagenominal dollars | Deaths, injuriesdirect only | Location | Flags | Why listed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-08-24 | Thunderstorm Wind | 61 kt (70 mph) estimated gust | $10,000,000 property; $0 crops (2023 dollars) | 3, 0 | SAND LAKE | new since last plan; within last 5 years | deaths or injuries recorded |
| 2019-09-11 | Thunderstorm Wind | 87 kt (100 mph) estimated gust | $1,000,000 property; $0 crops (2019 dollars) | 0, 0 | LEONARD HGTS to CASCADE | B1-c worst recorded: Thunderstorm Wind | |
| 2019-02-05 | Ice Storm | $5,000,000 property; $0 crops, reported for the zone (2019 dollars) | 0, 0 | NWS zone MIZ057 (KENT), zone-level | B1-c worst recorded: Ice Storm | ||
| 2018-06-30 | Excessive Heat | $0 property; $0 crops, reported for the zone (2018 dollars) | 0, 0 | NWS zone MIZ057 (KENT), zone-level | B1-c worst recorded: Excessive Heat, Heat | ||
| 2018-04-14 | Winter Storm | $100,000 property; $0 crops, reported for the zone (2018 dollars) | 0, 0 | NWS zone MIZ057 (KENT), zone-level | B1-c worst recorded: Winter Storm, Heavy Snow, Blizzard, Lake-Effect Snow, Winter Weather, Sleet | ||
| 2010-09-21 | Lightning | $500,000 property; crops not reported (2010 dollars) | 0, 0 | EASTMONT | B1-c worst recorded: Lightning | ||
| 2004-05-21 | Flood | $3,000,000 property; $200,000 crops, reported for the zone (2004 dollars) | 0, 0 | NWS zone MIZ057 (KENT), zone-level | B1-c worst recorded: Flash Flood, Flood, Lakeshore Flood | ||
| 1998-11-10 | High Wind | 66 kt (76 mph), measurement type not recorded | damage not reported | 0, 0 | NWS zone MIZ057 (KENT), zone-level | B1-c worst recorded: High Wind and Strong Wind | |
| 1996-02-01 | Cold/Wind Chill | $150,000 property; crops not reported, reported for the zone (1996 dollars) | 0, 0 | NWS zone MIZ057 (KENT), zone-level | B1-c worst recorded: Cold/Wind Chill, Extreme Cold/Wind Chill | ||
| 1993-08-01 | Hail | 4 in | damage not recorded (pre-1996 record) | 0, 0 | Cannon Township | B1-c worst recorded: Hail | |
| 1965-04-11 | Tornado | F4, 6.2 mi path length (whole path, pre-1996), 300 yd wide | $2,500,000 property; crops not recorded (1965 dollars) | 5, 142 | location not recorded | deaths or injuries recorded | |
| 1956-04-03 | Tornado | F5, 33.8 mi path length (whole path, pre-1996), 400 yd wide | $25,000 property; crops not recorded (1956 dollars) | 4, 130 | location not recorded | deaths or injuries recorded |
The full list is in the Excel file, sheet "B1-d Storm Events history" (652 rows).
Location is the place NOAA recorded, as written in its data; it need not be a jurisdiction in this plan.
Local data needed: state-declared emergencies, from your state emergency management agency (federal data do not include them).
Tribal and special-area declarations in this state are listed on the state page.
Supports FEMA checklist item B1-e: probability of future events
Probability: FEMA annualized frequency and descriptor per hazard
Sources: 5, 6
| Hazard | FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)unit per row | Unit | In plain terms | Descriptor | Descriptor basis | NRI events or days in its record period (hail, wind and tornado are area-weighted, so can be fractional) | NRI period | Location | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cold Wave | 1.32 | event-days per year | about 1.32 days per year | Possible (from Storm Events: 1 of 30 years) | event-days in 1 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (3.33%) | 25 | 2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years) | countywide | |
| Drought | 0 | event-days per year | none modeled | event-days in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%) | 0 | 2000 to 2025 (25.25 years; D3 and D4 only) | countywide | No Storm Events drought record, 1996 to 2025 | |
| Earthquake | 0.000711 | annual probability at a location | chance a given location in the county has at least minor-damage shaking in a year: 0.0711% | not shown | modeled | see B1-f | No descriptor (Storm Events does not record earthquakes). | ||
| Hail | 1.62 | events per year | about 1.62 per year | Highly likely | FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) | 61.6 (modeled) | 1986 to 2023 (38 years) | countywide | |
| Heat Wave | 2.47 | event-days per year | about 2.47 days per year | Possible (from Storm Events: 1 of 30 years) | event-days in 1 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (3.33%) | 37 | 2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years) | countywide | |
| Hurricane | 0.0106 | events per year | about 1 in 94 years | Possible | FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) | 4 | 1851 to 2024 (Atlantic) | see B1-f | NRI counts hurricane and tropical storm tracks passing within storm-force wind range; federal declarations are in B1-d. |
| Ice Storm | 1.26 | event-days per year | about 1.26 days per year | Likely (from Storm Events: 4 of 30 years) | event-days in 4 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (13.3%) | 85 | 1946-12-31 to 2014-02-12 (67 years) | countywide | |
| Inland Flooding | 0.857 | event-days per year | about 0.857 days per year | Likely (from Storm Events: 13 of 30 years) | event-days in 13 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (43.3%) | 24 | 1996 to 2023 (28 years) | see B1-f | |
| Landslide | 0.313 | events per year (modeled) | about 1 in 3 years | Likely | FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) | not shown | modeled | see B1-f | |
| Lightning | 31.9 | days per year with a strike | about 31.9 days per year | Highly likely | FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) | not shown | 1995 to 2023 (29 years; CONUS) | countywide | |
| Strong Wind | 2.84 | events per year | about 2.84 per year | Highly likely | FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) | 108 | 1986 to 2023 (38 years) | countywide | |
| Tornado | 0.302 | events per year | about 1 in 3 years | Likely | FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) | not shown | 1950 to 2023 (EF2+); 1986 to 2023 (EF0-1) | see B1-f | |
| Wildfire | 0.0000206 | annual probability at a location | chance a given location in the county burns in a year: 0.00206% | Storm Events records in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%) | not shown | modeled | see B1-f | No descriptor: no Storm Events record 1996 to 2025 | |
| Winter Weather | 24.5 | event-days per year | about 24.5 days per year | Highly likely (from Storm Events: 27 of 30 years) | event-days in 27 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (90%) | 466 | 2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years) | countywide |
FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) is the National Risk Index v1.20 (December 2025) estimate of how often a hazard affects this county in a year; it is not recorded events divided by years, and its unit differs by hazard (events, event-days, or days with a lightning strike per year). For earthquake, wildfire, coastal flooding and tsunami the value is the chance (or number of events) at a location in the county, not across the county, so no "1 in N years" is given and the descriptor comes from Storm Events where it has a record (none for earthquake). The Methods page gives each hazard's method, from FEMA's National Risk Index Technical Documentation v1.20.
Where NRI gives event-days, the descriptor comes from the share of years with a Storm Events record; NRI's source records more events, so the two differ.
Descriptor scale used in this packet (defined per unit)
Sources: 5, 6
| Unit | Descriptor | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| events per year | Highly likely | 1 or more per year |
| events per year | Likely | about once in 1 to 10 years |
| events per year | Possible | about once in 10 to 100 years |
| events per year | Unlikely | less than once in 100 years |
| annual probability | Likely | 10% to under 100% chance in a given year |
| annual probability | Possible | 1% to under 10% chance in a given year |
| annual probability | Unlikely | under 1% chance in a given year |
| event-days (share of years) | Highly likely | event-days recorded in 90% or more of years |
| event-days (share of years) | Likely | event-days recorded in 10% to under 90% of years |
| event-days (share of years) | Possible | event-days recorded in some years but under 10% of years |
| lightning strike-days | Highly likely | cloud-to-ground strikes on 1 or more days per year |
Intensity bands: historical frequency (Storm Events)
Source: 6
| Hazard | Band | Years | Eventscounty-coded records | Years in period | Events per yearevents / years |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hail | 1.00-1.99 in | 1996 to 2025 | 45 | 30 | 1.5 |
| Hail | 2.00 in+ | 1996 to 2025 | 0 | 30 | 0 |
| Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind) | 50-64 kt | 1996 to 2025 | 139 | 30 | 4.63 |
| Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind) | 65 kt+ | 1996 to 2025 | 14 | 30 | 0.467 |
| Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind) | unmeasured or below 50 kt | 1996 to 2025 | 18 | 30 | 0.6 |
| Tornado | EF0-1 | 1996 to 2025 | 21 | 30 | 0.7 |
| Tornado | EF2-3 | 1996 to 2025 | 0 | 30 | 0 |
| Tornado | EF4-5 | 1996 to 2025 | 0 | 30 | 0 |
| Tornado | unrated (EFU) | 1996 to 2025 | 0 | 30 | 0 |
The bands show how often events of each severity were recorded in this county, to profile how severe events have been (FEMA's probability item asks for the range of intensities).
Hail smaller than 1 inch is not counted: on 2010-01-05 the National Weather Service raised its severe-hail threshold from 3/4 inch to 1 inch, so smaller reports became less common after 2009 (NWS Service Change Notice 09-52). NRI hail frequency uses a 0.75 inch threshold.
Optional: future conditions. Not a required item in the 2025 FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Policy Guide; some states ask for it. The federal Climate Mapping for Resilience and Adaptation (CMRA) site gives county exposure to future climate conditions (https://resilience.climate.gov/).
Supports FEMA checklist item B1-f: hazards that vary across jurisdictions
Range of census tract risk within the county
Source: 5
| Hazard | Tractsrated of all | NRI risk score, 0 to 100 | Tracts by rating | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Min | Median | Max | |||
| Cold Wave | 145 of 145 | 24.5 | 49.2 | 66.1 | Relatively Moderate 81, Relatively Low 64 |
| Drought | 0 of 145 | No Rating 145 | |||
| Earthquake | 145 of 145 | 4.2 | 19.4 | 58.5 | Relatively Low 8, Very Low 137 |
| Hail | 145 of 145 | 17.6 | 38.9 | 70.1 | Relatively Moderate 1, Relatively Low 84, Very Low 60 |
| Heat Wave | 145 of 145 | 13.1 | 56.3 | 76.3 | Relatively Moderate 77, Relatively Low 66, Very Low 2 |
| Hurricane | 145 of 145 | 13.1 | 19.0 | 34.1 | Very Low 145 |
| Ice Storm | 145 of 145 | 7.3 | 41.4 | 77.7 | Relatively Moderate 3, Relatively Low 103, Very Low 39 |
| Inland Flooding | 145 of 145 | 1.0 | 33.0 | 97.6 | Very High 3, Relatively High 5, Relatively Moderate 31, Relatively Low 65, Very Low 41 |
| Landslide | 145 of 145 | 14.7 | 60.3 | 97.0 | Relatively Moderate 1, Relatively Low 33, Very Low 111 |
| Lightning | 145 of 145 | 5.0 | 23.5 | 39.7 | Relatively Low 89, Very Low 56 |
| Strong Wind | 145 of 145 | 36.5 | 79.6 | 97.2 | Very High 1, Relatively High 58, Relatively Moderate 80, Relatively Low 6 |
| Tornado | 145 of 145 | 36.6 | 67.3 | 93.6 | Very High 1, Relatively High 35, Relatively Moderate 94, Relatively Low 15 |
| Wildfire | 136 of 145 | 19.3 | 39.6 | 70.8 | Relatively Low 3, Very Low 133, No Rating 9 |
| Winter Weather | 145 of 145 | 33.8 | 68.8 | 85.0 | Relatively High 15, Relatively Moderate 120, Relatively Low 10 |
Rated tracts only: No Rating (score 0.0), Not Applicable and Insufficient Data tracts are counted but not used for the minimum, median and maximum.
The score ranks a tract against all U.S. tracts (100 = highest). The rating is FEMA's category for the tract's risk value, computed differently, so the two can disagree.
Frequency data for cold wave, hail, heat wave, ice storm, lightning, strong wind and winter weather are county-wide or coarse (49 km grid or NWS zone), the same for every jurisdiction; the tract range mostly reflects where buildings and people are.
Each jurisdiction (starting figures from federal data)
Sources: 1, 3, 4, 6
| Jurisdiction | Type | Plan status | Repetitive lossFMA RL and SRL (44 CFR 77.2); repeat-flood, any definition | Public Assistance to this jurisdictionFEMA records matched by applicant name; federal share obligated, nominal dollars | Event records naming this placeall years; since its plan | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kent County | County | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | $2,581,448.45 | 0 total; 0 since its plan | No NFIP community ID on this jurisdiction's plan row. Includes $2,474,245.37 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4494-MI, EM-3225-MI). | |
| Caledonia village | Village | Plan 108781 approved 2023-01-26, pending adoption here; not yet eligible | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | $13,652.49 | 9 total; no approved plan | |
| Casnovia village | Village | Approved, expires 2030-05-20 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | $908.25 | 0 total; 0 since its plan | |
| Cedar Springs city | City | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | $2,571.75 | 12 total; 2 since its plan | |
| East Grand Rapids city | City | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 1 | $20,033.64 | 9 total; 3 since its plan | |
| Grand Rapids city | City | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | FMA RL 0, SRL 2; any 14 | $1,058,664.87 | 52 total; 4 since its plan | Includes $15,891.97 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4494-MI, EM-3225-MI). |
| Grandville city | City | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | FMA RL 0, SRL 1; any 7 | $85,421.81 | 15 total; 0 since its plan | |
| Kent City village | Village | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | no Public Assistance recorded | 8 total; 1 since its plan | |
| Kentwood city | City | Plan 108781 approved 2023-01-26, pending adoption here; not yet eligible | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | $44,136.72 | 12 total; no approved plan | |
| Lowell city | City | Plan 108781 approved 2023-01-26, pending adoption here; not yet eligible | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 4 | $70,423.45 | 20 total; no approved plan | |
| Rockford city | City | Plan 108781 approved 2023-01-26, pending adoption here; not yet eligible | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | $7,709.72 | 14 total; no approved plan | |
| Sand Lake village | Village | Plan 108781 approved 2023-01-26, pending adoption here; not yet eligible | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | no Public Assistance recorded | 8 total; no approved plan | |
| Sparta village | Village | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | FMA RL 1, SRL 1; any 1 | $5,599.95 | 12 total; 1 since its plan | |
| Walker city | City | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | $29,233.46 | 4 total; 1 since its plan | |
| Wyoming city | City | Plan 108781 approved 2023-01-26, pending adoption here; not yet eligible | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 7 | $108,950.74 | 5 total; no approved plan | |
| Ada township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | FMA RL 2, SRL 3; any 5 | $5,888.39 | 7 total; 0 since its plan | |
| Algoma township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 3 | no Public Assistance recorded | 0 total; 0 since its plan | |
| Alpine township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | no Public Assistance recorded | 6 total; 1 since its plan | |
| Bowne township | Township | Plan 108781 approved 2023-01-26, pending adoption here; not yet eligible | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | no Public Assistance recorded | 0 total; no approved plan | |
| Byron township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | no Public Assistance recorded | 0 total; 0 since its plan | |
| Caledonia township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 2 | no Public Assistance recorded | 9 total; 3 since its plan | |
| Cannon township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | no Public Assistance recorded | 0 total; 0 since its plan | |
| Cascade charter township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | $24,014.94 | 14 total; 2 since its plan | |
| Courtland township | Township | Plan 108781 approved 2023-01-26, pending adoption here; not yet eligible | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | no Public Assistance recorded | 0 total; no approved plan | |
| Gaines charter township | Township | Plan 108781 approved 2023-01-26, pending adoption here; not yet eligible | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | no Public Assistance recorded | 0 total; no approved plan | |
| Grand Rapids charter township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | no Public Assistance recorded | 52 total; 4 since its plan | |
| Grattan township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | no Public Assistance recorded | 6 total; 0 since its plan | |
| Lowell charter township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | no Public Assistance recorded | 20 total; 2 since its plan | |
| Nelson township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | no Public Assistance recorded | 0 total; 0 since its plan | |
| Oakfield township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | no Public Assistance recorded | 0 total; 0 since its plan | |
| Plainfield charter township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | FMA RL 6, SRL 5; any 29 | $18,006.29 | 0 total; 0 since its plan | |
| Solon township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | no Public Assistance recorded | 0 total; 0 since its plan | |
| Sparta township | Township | Plan 108781 approved 2023-01-26, pending adoption here; not yet eligible | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | no Public Assistance recorded | 12 total; no approved plan | |
| Spencer township | Township | Plan 108781 approved 2023-01-26, pending adoption here; not yet eligible | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | no Public Assistance recorded | 0 total; no approved plan | |
| Tyrone township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | no Public Assistance recorded | 0 total; 0 since its plan | |
| Vergennes township | Township | Approved, expires 2028-01-25 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | no Public Assistance recorded | 0 total; 0 since its plan |
Repetitive-loss counts are for whole NFIP communities, which can extend beyond this county (see the note in B2-c).
County Public Assistance in B1-d also includes applicants filed under the county that are not jurisdictions in this plan (for example state agencies, special districts and nonprofits), so the jurisdiction rows add up to less.
Supports FEMA checklist items B2-a and B2-b: vulnerability and potential impacts
Local data needed
The table below gives county-level starting figures; the plan describes impacts for each jurisdiction and its own assets.
- Critical facilities and lifelines per hazard
- A problem statement per jurisdiction per hazard
- Changes in development in hazard-prone areas since the last approval, or a statement of none (E1-a)
- Future assets
County-level starter: exposure, expected annual loss and damage since the plan
Sources: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7
| Hazard | Building exposuremodeled dollars | Agriculture exposuremodeled dollars | Population exposedpeople | EAL buildingsmodeled dollars per year | EAL agriculturemodeled dollars per year | Cost of expected deaths and injuriesFEMA's dollar value per year, not property damage | EAL as % of exposurebuildings; agriculture where noted | Storm Events damage since 2023-01-26county-coded records, property plus crops, nominal dollars | Zone-level damage since planproperty plus crops, reported for the zone | Public Assistance since plannominal dollars; see note | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cold Wave | $137,146,867,309 | $338,411,295 | 657,870 | $240 | $140,189 | $8,023,142 | under 0.0001% | ||||
| Drought | n/a | $0 | n/a | n/a | $0 | n/a | agriculture exposure is 0 in NRI | ||||
| Earthquake | $245,478,732,644 | n/a | 657,974 | $933,740 | n/a | $314,960 | 0.00038% | ||||
| Hail | $137,146,867,309 | $338,411,295 | 657,870 | $762,932 | $26,436 | $13,761 | 0.000556% | $200,000 | |||
| Heat Wave | $137,146,867,309 | $338,411,295 | 657,870 | $190 | $3 | $7,581,222 | under 0.0001% | ||||
| Hurricane | $136,057,244,477 | $337,133,196 | 652,507 | $15,461 | $7,422 | $20 | under 0.0001% | ||||
| Ice Storm | $137,146,803,802 | n/a | 657,870 | $517,090 | n/a | $157,695 | 0.000377% | ||||
| Inland Flooding | $137,088,079,326 | $4,027,674 | 7,271 | $88,995,237 | $32,665 | $23,658 | n/a (see note) | $0 | no Public Assistance recorded (1 declaration) | NRI counts the full building value of any census block with some flood loss; this is not the value of buildings in the floodplain. Use local FIRM overlays for B2-a/B2-b. | |
| Landslide | $2,097,007,673 | n/a | 9,385 | $10,350 | n/a | $19,627 | 0.000494% | ||||
| Lightning | $137,146,867,309 | n/a | 657,870 | $63,629 | n/a | $601,769 | under 0.0001% | ||||
| Strong Wind | $137,146,867,309 | $338,411,295 | 657,870 | $3,933,012 | $1,063,261 | $4,940,024 | 0.00287% | $21,440,000 | |||
| Tornado | $137,146,867,309 | $338,411,295 | 657,870 | $14,091,032 | $6,408 | $13,788,946 | 0.0103% | $10,000,000 | no Public Assistance recorded (1 declaration) | ||
| Wildfire | $25,722,080,991 | $85,730,403 | 123,933 | $33,546 | $15 | $3,807 | 0.00013% | ||||
| Winter Weather | $137,146,867,309 | $338,411,295 | 657,870 | $267,350 | $2,736 | $679,724 | 0.000195% | $0 |
Totals since 2023-01-26 (Storm Events through 2026-06-30): 67 county-coded records, 26 with a damage value recorded (including $0), $31,640,000; 4 zone-level records, 2 with a damage value recorded (including $0), $0 reported for the zone; Public Assistance: none recorded on the 1 counted declaration.
FEMA does not split Public Assistance by hazard. A declaration mapped to several hazards is listed under each of them with its full amount, so the per-hazard column does not add up to the total; the unit total counts each declaration once.
NRI computes earthquake exposure on its own basis, so it exceeds the county building value in B2-a.
Supports FEMA checklist item B2-a: vulnerability (county context)
County context
Source: 5
| Measure | Value |
|---|---|
| Population | 657,870 |
| Building value (total, not at risk) | $137,146,867,309 |
| Agriculture value (total, not at risk) | $338,411,295 |
| NRI risk rating (all hazards) | Relatively Moderate |
| Expected annual loss, buildings and agriculture, all hazards | $110,902,940 |
| Expected annual loss, population equivalence, all hazards (NRI values each statistical life at $13.7M; a modeled value of expected deaths and injuries, not property damage) | $36,148,356 |
| Social vulnerability rating | Very Low |
| Community resilience rating | Very High |
| NRI version | December 2025 |
FEMA's all-hazard expected annual loss adds buildings, agriculture and population equivalence; this table gives the property part and the population-equivalence part as separate rows.
Social vulnerability: higher means people are more likely to be harmed and slower to recover. Community resilience: lower means the community is less able to recover. High social vulnerability and low resilience both raise the NRI risk rating.
Supports FEMA checklist item B2-c: repetitive loss properties
Repetitive loss in this county, both definitions
Sources: 1, 4
| Definition | Properties | Severe repetitive loss | Properties |
|---|---|---|---|
| Repetitive loss, FMA definition (44 CFR 77.2) | 9 | Severe repetitive loss, FMA definition (44 CFR 77.2) | 12 |
| Repetitive loss, NFIP insurance definition | 71 | Severe repetitive loss, NFIP insurance definition | 11 |
The state NFIP coordinator's list, the source FEMA's Handbook names, often uses the NFIP insurance definition (second row).
Repeat-flood properties: county and state-level rows
Sources: 1, 4
| Scope | RL, FMAproperties | SRL, FMAproperties | RL, NFIPproperties | SRL, NFIPproperties | Any categoryproperties | Mitigatedproperties | Currently insuredproperties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| County total | 9 | 12 | 71 | 11 | 73 | 1 | 26 |
| of which: East Grand Rapids city | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| of which: Grand Rapids city | 0 | 2 | 14 | 2 | 14 | 0 | 4 |
| of which: Lowell city | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 2 |
| of which: Plainfield charter township | 6 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 29 | 1 | 12 |
| of which: Wyoming city | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 2 |
| of which: Ada township | 2 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 0 | 2 |
| of which: Grandville city | 0 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 2 |
| of which: Sparta village | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| of which: Caledonia charter township | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 |
| of which: Algoma township | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
| Statewide, no county in FEMA's file | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
The statewide row counts properties FEMA's file gives with no county in this state; they are listed for reference and are not in this county's counts.
Repeat-flood properties by jurisdiction in the plan (NFIP community)
Sources: 1, 4
| Jurisdiction | NFIP community ID | RL, FMAproperties | SRL, FMAproperties | RL, NFIPproperties | SRL, NFIPproperties | Any categoryproperties | Mitigatedproperties | Currently insuredproperties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caledonia village | 260964 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Casnovia village | 260965 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cedar Springs city | 260966 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| East Grand Rapids city | 260105 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Grand Rapids city | 260106 | 0 | 2 | 14 | 2 | 14 | 0 | 4 |
| Grandville city | 260271 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 2 |
| Kent City village | 260971 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Kentwood city | 260107 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Lowell city | 260108 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 2 |
| Rockford city | 260975 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Sand Lake village | 260976 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Sparta village | 260336 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Walker city | 260110 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Wyoming city | 260111 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 2 |
| Ada township | 260248 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 0 | 2 |
| Algoma township | 260738 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
| Alpine township | 260961 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Bowne township | 260962 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Byron township | 260963 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Caledonia township | 260693 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 |
| Cannon township | 260734 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cascade charter township | 260814 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Courtland township | 260967 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Gaines charter township | 260990 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Grand Rapids charter township | 260968 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Grattan township | 260969 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Lowell charter township | 260972 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Nelson township | 260973 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Oakfield township | 260974 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Plainfield charter township | 260109 | 6 | 5 | 28 | 5 | 29 | 1 | 12 |
| Solon township | 261409 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Sparta township | 260741 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Spencer township | 260978 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Tyrone township | 260979 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Vergennes township | 260980 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Counts by occupancy group for each jurisdiction are in the Excel file, sheet "B2-c Jurisdictions".
Jurisdiction rows are whole NFIP communities and need not add up to the county total: a community that extends into another county is counted in full on each jurisdiction row, while the county table counts only its part in this county.
County repeat-flood properties by occupancy group
Sources: 1, 4
| Occupancy group | RL, FMAproperties | SRL, FMAproperties | RL, NFIPproperties | SRL, NFIPproperties | Any categoryproperties | Mitigatedproperties | Currently insuredproperties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| single-family residential | 9 | 11 | 63 | 10 | 65 | 1 | 24 |
| 2 to 4 unit residential | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| other residential | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| non-residential | 0 | 1 | 8 | 1 | 8 | 0 | 2 |
| not reported | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
FEMA's occupancy groups have no institutional class; institutional properties are counted in non-residential or other residential in the table by occupancy group.
FMA RL and FMA SRL are the Flood Mitigation Assistance definitions (44 CFR 77.2), the ones the FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Policy Guide cites. NFIP repetitive loss (the FEMA insurance definition) is 2 or more claims over $1,000 in 10 years, and a property can leave that group once it is mitigated. Also shown: NFIP severe repetitive loss, any category, mitigated and currently insured. The Methods page gives the OpenFEMA field details.
Counts are aggregates of FEMA's public NFIP Multiple Loss Properties file (FEMA's data date 2026-08-02; file version 2026-08-04). No property is identified. County assignment is FEMA's geocode.
In this county 1 property is FMA repetitive loss but not NFIP repetitive loss, and 63 properties are NFIP repetitive loss but not FMA repetitive loss.
Exact counts; no count suppression.
Sources
Tables cite these sources by number. The full list, for the plan's bibliography (FEMA review item A4-a):
- FEMA, OpenFEMA HazardMitigationPlanStatuses v1, version 2026-09-29T134039Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/HazardMitigationPlanStatuses (API)
- FEMA, OpenFEMA DisasterDeclarationsSummaries v2, version 2026-09-29T162832Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v2/DisasterDeclarationsSummaries (API)
- FEMA, OpenFEMA PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries v1, version 2026-09-29T150754Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries (API)
- FEMA, OpenFEMA NfipMultipleLossProperties v1, version 2026-08-04T164045Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/NfipMultipleLossProperties (API)
- FEMA, FEMA National Risk Index 1.20.0 (December 2025), county and census tract tables, version 1.20.0, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_Counties.zip (download, 25 MB), https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_CensusTracts.zip (download, 635 MB)
- NOAA NCEI, NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, details files (csvfiles v1.0), version c20260918, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/swdi/stormevents/csvfiles/
- NOAA National Weather Service, NWS county-public forecast zones correlation file, version bp03mr20 to bp16ap26 (11 files; newest bp16ap26), pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.weather.gov/gis/ZoneCounty
- U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2024 Gazetteer, 2020 place by county, CT county-to-cousub crosswalk, version 2024-gazetteer, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_counties_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_cousubs_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_place_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_unsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_elsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_scsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/reference/codes2020/national_place_by_county2020.txt, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/reference/ct_change/ct_cou_to_cousub_crosswalk.xlsx (used to match place names and codes; no table prints its values)
What this packet is and what the plan adds
This packet is the federal data for the plan's risk assessment, organized by the items of FEMA's Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool, Element B. Each section heading names the item its tables support; the plan and FEMA's review decide whether the item is met.
The plan adds what only the community has: local data on assets, critical facilities, development and each jurisdiction's impacts; local hazard history, including state-declared emergencies; the mitigation strategy; and adoption.
How the federal data are built: National Risk Index values are FEMA's model, not counts of events. Storm Events is more complete from 1996; zone-level records are placed by forecast zone, not by location in the county. Public Assistance for a jurisdiction is matched by applicant name. The Methods page gives every rule and the known edge cases.
OpenFEMA disclaimer
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
Reuse, citation and corrections
Reuse and citation: Hazard Plain text and tables are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); credit Hazard Plain and the release. The underlying federal data are public domain; OpenFEMA data are also subject to the OpenFEMA terms and conditions.
Cite this: Hazard Plain (2026). Kent County, MI: risk-assessment baseline packet, release 2026-10 (data as of 2026-09-30; County FIPS 26081). Automated baseline. https://hazardplain.org/mi/26081/ Built from FEMA OpenFEMA, the FEMA National Risk Index and NOAA NCEI Storm Events; source versions in the packet's Sources list.
Corrections: to report an error, name the packet, the table and what your records show. Contact: contact@hazardplain.org
Hazard Plain release 2026-10. As of 2026-09-30; Storm Events data through 2026-06-30. Automated baseline.