Summary
Plan status as of 2026-09-30: No county-level plan row in FEMA data.
Highest expected annual loss (FEMA National Risk Index, modeled total; see B1-a): Inland Flooding ($224,395,539 a year), Hurricane ($30,095,131) and Earthquake ($24,253,681).
The tables that follow are organized by the items of FEMA's Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool, Element B (B1-a to B2-c); each heading says which item its tables support.
Plan clock
No county-level plan row in FEMA data
What changed since your last plan
Not available. No county-level plan row in FEMA data, so there is no approval date to count from.
Sources: 1, 2, 4, 6 (numbered list at the end)
Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county: 58 rows, in the section "Plan clock: Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county" on the following pages.
State plan status and tribal plans in this state: see the state page.
Plan clock
Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county
Source: 1
| Jurisdiction | Type | Status | Plan | Approved | Expires | Days to expirynegative = days since expiry | Update underway | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cambridge city | City | Approved, expires 2030-04-15 | City of Cambridge Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan 2023 Update (FEMA plan 109827) | 2025-04-16 | 2030-04-15 | 1,293 | ||
| Devens CDP | Unincorporated | Expired on 2021-05-23 | Montachusett Region Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan 2015 Update (FEMA plan 101692) | 2016-05-24 | 2021-05-23 | -1,956 | FEMA tracker shows a plan awaiting revisions | |
| Everett city | City | Approved, expires 2027-04-03 | Everett Hazard Mitigation Plan 2021 Update (FEMA plan 107723) | 2022-04-04 | 2027-04-03 | 185 | ||
| Framingham city | City | Approved, expires 2028-03-26 | City of Framingham, MA Hazard Mitigation Plan Update (FEMA plan 108884) | 2023-03-27 | 2028-03-26 | 543 | ||
| Lowell city | City | Expired on 2026-06-20 | City of Lowell 2020 Hazard Mitigation Plan - Municipal Vulnerability Preparedness Plan (FEMA plan 106877) | 2021-06-21 | 2026-06-20 | -102 | ||
| Malden city | City | Approved, expires 2027-12-08 | City of Malden Hazard Mitigation Plan 2022 Update (FEMA plan 108512) | 2022-12-09 | 2027-12-08 | 434 | ||
| Marlborough city | City | Approved, expires 2029-06-13 | City of Marlborough Draft Hazard Mitigation Plan 2024 Update (FEMA plan 109404) | 2024-06-14 | 2029-06-13 | 987 | ||
| Medford city | City | Approved, expires 2031-06-11 | City of Medford Hazard Mitigation Plan 2025 Update (FEMA plan 111530) | 2026-06-12 | 2031-06-11 | 1,715 | ||
| Melrose city | City | Expired on 2024-06-27 | Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan City of Melrose, Massachusetts (FEMA plan 105767) | 2019-06-28 | 2024-06-27 | -825 | ||
| Newton city | City | Expired on 2024-09-04 | City of Newton Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2019 (FEMA plan 105899) | 2019-09-05 | 2024-09-04 | -756 | ||
| Somerville city | City | Approved, expires 2027-01-30 | City of Somerville Hazard Mitigation Plan 2022 Update (FEMA plan 107982) | 2022-01-31 | 2027-01-30 | 122 | ||
| Waltham city | City | Expired on 2024-10-01 | City of Waltham Hazard Mitigaiton Plan and Muncipal Vulnerability Preparedness Plan 2019 (FEMA plan 105816) | 2019-10-02 | 2024-10-01 | -729 | ||
| Watertown Town city | City | Expired on 2024-05-07 | Town of Watertown Hazard Mitigation Plan 2019 Update (FEMA plan 105624) | 2019-05-08 | 2024-05-07 | -876 | ||
| Woburn city | City | Approved, expires 2026-12-15 | City of Woburn Hazard Mitigation Plan 2021 Update (FEMA plan 107772) | 2021-12-16 | 2026-12-15 | 76 | FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption | Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan. |
| Acton town | Town | Approved, expires 2030-01-09 | Town of Acton Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2024 (FEMA plan 110092) | 2025-01-10 | 2030-01-09 | 1,197 | ||
| Arlington town | Town | Expired on 2025-06-08 | Town of Arlington MA Hazard Mitigation Plan 2020 Update (FEMA plan 106513) | 2020-06-09 | 2025-06-08 | -479 | ||
| Ashby town | Town | Approved, expires 2027-08-23 | Town of Ashby 2021 Hazard Mitigation-Municipal Vulnerability Preparedness (HM-MVP) Plan (FEMA plan 107758) | 2022-08-24 | 2027-08-23 | 327 | ||
| Ashland town | Town | Approved, expires 2031-05-27 | Town of Ashland Hazard Mitigation Plan 2025 Update (FEMA plan 111529) | 2026-05-28 | 2031-05-27 | 1,700 | ||
| Ayer town | Town | Expired on 2021-05-23 | Montachusett Region Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan 2015 Update (FEMA plan 101692) | 2016-05-24 | 2021-05-23 | -1,956 | ||
| Bedford town | Town | Approved, expires 2027-11-01 | 2022 Bedford, MA Hazard Mitigation Plan Update and Municipal Vulnerability Preparedness Summary of Findings (FEMA plan 107995) | 2022-11-02 | 2027-11-01 | 397 | ||
| Belmont town | Town | Expired on 2026-05-31 | Town of Belmont 2020 Hazard Mitigation - Municipal Vulnerability Preparedness Plan (FEMA plan 106674) | 2021-06-01 | 2026-05-31 | -122 | ||
| Billerica town | Town | Approved, expires 2027-03-20 | Billerica Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 107564) | 2022-03-21 | 2027-03-20 | 171 | ||
| Boxborough town | Town | Approved, expires 2029-10-15 | Town of Boxborough, MA Hazard Mitigation Plan Update April 2024 (FEMA plan 109890) | 2024-10-16 | 2029-10-15 | 1,111 | ||
| Burlington town | Town | Approved, expires 2031-06-25 | Burlington Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 111425) | 2026-06-26 | 2031-06-25 | 1,729 | ||
| Carlisle town | Town | Approved, expires 2026-12-07 | Town of Carlisle Hazard Mitigation Plan 2021 Update (FEMA plan 107767) | 2021-12-08 | 2026-12-07 | 68 | ||
| Chelmsford town | Town | Expired on 2025-12-29 | Hazard Mitigation Plan 2020 Update Chelmsford, Massachusetts (FEMA plan 106710) | 2020-12-30 | 2025-12-29 | -275 | ||
| Concord town | Town | Approved, expires 2028-04-04 | Town of Concord Hazard Mitigation Plan 2022 Update (FEMA plan 108785) | 2023-04-05 | 2028-04-04 | 552 | ||
| Dracut town | Town | Expired on 2026-09-09 | Hazard Mitigation Plan Update Town of Dracut, Massachusetts (FEMA plan 107188) | 2021-09-10 | 2026-09-09 | -21 | ||
| Dunstable town | Town | Approved, expires 2030-01-21 | Town of Dunstable Hazard Mitigation Plan (HMP) 2024 Update and Municipal Vulnerability Preparedness (MVP) Summary of Findings Report (FEMA plan 110197) | 2025-01-22 | 2030-01-21 | 1,209 | ||
| Groton town | Town | Expired on 2025-12-29 | Town of Groton 2020 Hazard Mitigation Plan (HMP) - Municipal Vulnerability Preparedness (MVP) Plan (FEMA plan 106885) | 2020-12-30 | 2025-12-29 | -275 | ||
| Holliston town | Town | Approved, expires 2031-01-05 | Town of Holliston All-Hazards Mitigation Plan 2025 Update (FEMA plan 111184) | 2026-01-06 | 2031-01-05 | 1,558 | ||
| Hopkinton town | Town | Expired on 2025-12-07 | Town of Hopkinton 2020 Hazard Mitigation - Municipal Vulnerability Preparedness Plan (FEMA plan 106675) | 2020-12-08 | 2025-12-07 | -297 | ||
| Hudson town | Town | Approved, expires 2029-06-03 | Town of Hudson, MA Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2023 (FEMA plan 109301) | 2024-06-04 | 2029-06-03 | 977 | ||
| Lexington town | Town | Expired on 2025-04-28 | Town of Lexington Hazard Mitigation Plan Update (FEMA plan 106101) | 2020-04-29 | 2025-04-28 | -520 | FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption | Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan. |
| Lincoln town | Town | Expired on 2023-05-24 | Town of Lincoln Draft Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 11147) | 2018-05-25 | 2023-05-24 | -1,225 | ||
| Littleton town | Town | Approved, expires 2030-07-20 | Town of Littleton Hazard Mitigation Plan 2024 Update (FEMA plan 110511) | 2025-07-21 | 2030-07-20 | 1,389 | ||
| Maynard town | Town | Approved, expires 2029-08-27 | 2024 Hazard Mitigation Plan Update, Town of Maynard, Massachusetts (FEMA plan 109745) | 2024-08-28 | 2029-08-27 | 1,062 | ||
| Natick town | Town | Approved, expires 2030-05-05 | Town of Natick 2024 Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 110450) | 2025-05-06 | 2030-05-05 | 1,313 | ||
| North Reading town | Town | Approved, expires 2027-03-03 | Hazard Mitigation Plan Update Town of North Reading, Massachusetts (FEMA plan 108018) | 2022-03-04 | 2027-03-03 | 154 | ||
| Pepperell town | Town | Expired on 2026-09-19 | Town of Pepperell 2020 HMP Update (FEMA plan 107603) | 2021-09-20 | 2026-09-19 | -11 | ||
| Reading town | Town | Approved, expires 2029-04-11 | Town of Reading, MA Hazard Mitigation Plan Update July 2023 (FEMA plan 109326) | 2024-04-12 | 2029-04-11 | 924 | ||
| Sherborn town | Town | Expired on 2024-03-18 | Sherborn, MA Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 105570) | 2019-03-19 | 2024-03-18 | -926 | ||
| Shirley town | Town | Expired on 2021-05-23 | Montachusett Region Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan 2015 Update (FEMA plan 101692) | 2016-05-24 | 2021-05-23 | -1,956 | ||
| Stoneham town | Town | Approved, expires 2027-01-26 | Town of Stoneham Hazard Mitigation and Municipal Vulnerability Preparedness Plan (HMP/MVP) (FEMA plan 107666) | 2022-01-27 | 2027-01-26 | 118 | ||
| Stow town | Town | Expired on 2016-02-03 | Stow, MA Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 12099) | 2011-02-04 | 2016-02-03 | -3,892 | ||
| Sudbury town | Town | Expired on 2025-10-06 | Town of Sudbury 2020 Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 106711) | 2020-10-07 | 2025-10-06 | -359 | ||
| Tewksbury town | Town | Expired on 2026-01-05 | Town of Tewksbury Hazard Mitigation Plan (HMP) and Municipal Vulnerability Preparedness (MVP) Plan (FEMA plan 106687) | 2021-01-06 | 2026-01-05 | -268 | ||
| Townsend town | Town | Expired on 2026-02-23 | Town of Townsend 2020 Hazard Mitigation Plan (HMP) - Municipal Vulnerability Preparedness (MVP) Plan (FEMA plan 107089) | 2021-02-24 | 2026-02-23 | -219 | ||
| Tyngsborough town | Town | Expired on 2025-12-22 | Town of Tyngsborough 2020 Hazard Mitigation - Municipal Vulnerability Preparedness Plan (FEMA plan 106736) | 2020-12-23 | 2025-12-22 | -282 | ||
| Wakefield town | Town | Expired on 2026-05-11 | Wakefield, Massachusetts 2019 Hazard Mitigation Plan Update (FEMA plan 107017) | 2021-05-12 | 2026-05-11 | -142 | ||
| Wayland town | Town | Expired on 2026-03-08 | Town of Wayland Draft Hazard Mitigation Plan 2020 Update (FEMA plan 107044) | 2021-03-09 | 2026-03-08 | -206 | ||
| Westford town | Town | Approved, expires 2027-02-06 | Westford Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 107716) | 2022-02-07 | 2027-02-06 | 129 | ||
| Weston town | Town | Expired on 2026-06-23 | 2020 Hazard Mitigation Plan Update Town of Weston, Massachusetts (FEMA plan 106814) | 2021-06-24 | 2026-06-23 | -99 | ||
| Wilmington town | Town | Approved, expires 2027-01-04 | Hazard Mitigation Plan Update Town of Wilmington, Massachusetts (FEMA plan 107766) | 2022-01-05 | 2027-01-04 | 96 | ||
| Winchester town | Town | Approved, expires 2028-08-30 | All Hazards Mitigation Plan Town of Winchester, Massachusetts (FEMA plan 108542) | 2023-08-31 | 2028-08-30 | 700 | ||
| Name not given in FEMA data (ID NM01_12385) | College/University | Expired on 2021-05-12 | University of Massachusetts Multi-Campus Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 12383) | 2016-05-12 | 2021-05-12 | -1,967 | ||
| Chelmsford Water District | Water/Sewer Authority | Expired on 2025-12-29 | Hazard Mitigation Plan 2020 Update Chelmsford, Massachusetts (FEMA plan 106710) | 2020-12-30 | 2025-12-29 | -275 | this jurisdiction approved 2025-06-24 | |
| Tufts University | College/University | Approved, expires 2029-11-12 | Tufts University Hazard Mitigation Plan Update (FEMA plan 109906) | 2024-11-13 | 2029-11-12 | 1,139 |
Supports FEMA checklist item B1-a: hazard identification
Hazards NRI does not cover (local data needed)
- dam failure (incl. upstream dams)
- levee failure
- flash flood as its own subtype
- ice jams
- debris flows
- erosion (riverine and coastal)
- land subsidence and sinkholes
- expansive soils
The 18 National Risk Index hazards, ranked by expected annual loss (EAL)
Sources: 5, 6
| Rank by EAL | Hazard | NRI risk rating | EAL rating | EAL buildingsmodeled dollars per year | EAL agriculturemodeled dollars per year | Cost of expected deaths and injuriesFEMA's dollar value per year, not property damage | EAL total (see note)modeled dollars per year | Storm Events records, 1996 to 2026-06-30count | Storm Events coverage note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Inland Flooding | Relatively High | Relatively High | $222,851,007 | $300,453 | $1,244,080 | $224,395,539 | 247 | |
| 2 | Hurricane | Relatively High | Relatively High | $28,587,279 | $566,257 | $941,595 | $30,095,131 | 3 | |
| 3 | Earthquake | Relatively Moderate | Relatively Moderate | $19,326,479 | n/a | $4,927,202 | $24,253,681 | Storm Events does not record earthquakes. | |
| 4 | Cold Wave | Relatively High | Relatively High | $5,971 | $13,491 | $9,048,894 | $9,068,356 | 3 | |
| 5 | Tornado | Relatively Moderate | Relatively High | $7,749,719 | $986 | $1,221,397 | $8,972,103 | 4 | |
| 6 | Heat Wave | Relatively Moderate | Relatively Moderate | $10 | $11,116 | $8,521,973 | $8,533,099 | 5 | |
| 7 | Ice Storm | Very High | Very High | $7,233,070 | n/a | $621,140 | $7,854,210 | 3 | |
| 8 | Strong Wind | Relatively High | Relatively High | $770,066 | $607 | $2,617,152 | $3,387,825 | 791 | Includes 80 High Wind and 143 Strong Wind records (NOAA non-thunderstorm wind types, outside NRI's Strong Wind definition). |
| 9 | Lightning | Relatively High | Very High | $335,408 | n/a | $2,427,073 | $2,762,481 | 63 | |
| 10 | Drought | Relatively Moderate | Relatively Moderate | n/a | $1,683,077 | n/a | $1,683,077 | 13 | |
| 11 | Coastal Flooding | Relatively Low | Relatively Low | $416,286 | n/a | $1,710 | $417,996 | 0 | Declared 1 time; no Storm Events record of this type. |
| 12 | Wildfire | Relatively Low | Relatively Low | $238,759 | $45 | $29,359 | $268,163 | 0 | No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30). |
| 13 | Winter Weather | Relatively Moderate | Relatively Moderate | $50,258 | $16 | $96,565 | $146,838 | 194 | |
| 14 | Hail | Very Low | Very Low | $82,553 | $483 | $23,959 | $106,995 | 160 | |
| 15 | Landslide | Very Low | Very Low | $202 | n/a | $2,116 | $2,319 | 0 | No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30). |
| Tsunami | Insufficient Data | Insufficient Data | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 0 | No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30). |
Total = buildings + agriculture + population equivalence; FEMA values each expected death (or 10 injuries) at $13.7 million (2024 dollars).
NRI risk rating combines expected annual loss with social vulnerability and community resilience; EAL rating rates expected annual loss alone. Both compare this county with all U.S. counties.
Local data needed: state and local wildfire, landslide and tsunami records (Storm Events records these hazards only in part).
Not applicable to this county per NRI, with no federal declaration and no Storm Events record since 1996: avalanche and volcanic activity. That is the evidence for leaving them out of the plan.
The state hazard mitigation plan also lists hazards for this county; FEMA asks the plan to explain any hazard it leaves out.
Supports FEMA checklist item B1-b: hazard location
Affects the whole county (national data give no location within it): Cold Wave, Drought, Hail, Heat Wave, Ice Storm, Lightning, Strong Wind and Winter Weather.
Coastal Flooding and Inland Flooding: The FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) is the required location source for flooding. See the FEMA Flood Map Service Center (https://msc.fema.gov) for this county.
Hazards that vary within the county: highest-rated census tracts
Source: 5
| Hazard | Highest-rated census tractsNRI risk rating, score 0 to 100 |
|---|---|
| Earthquake | tract 3311.02 (Relatively Moderate, 84.1); tract 3682 (Relatively Moderate, 83.8); tract 3165 (Relatively Moderate, 83.2) |
| Hurricane | tract 3537 (Relatively Moderate, 87.4); tract 3591 (Relatively Moderate, 84.9); tract 3311.02 (Relatively Moderate, 84.1) |
| Landslide | tract 3261.02 (Relatively Low, 83.0); tract 3001 (Relatively Low, 82.9); tract 3882 (Very Low, 75.1) |
| Tornado | tract 3591 (Relatively Moderate, 54.7); tract 3311.02 (Relatively Low, 52.7); tract 3165 (Relatively Low, 51.2) |
| Tsunami | no tract has a National Risk Index rating for this hazard |
| Wildfire | tract 3261.01 (Relatively Low, 86.0); tract 3621 (Relatively Low, 84.8); tract 3281 (Relatively Low, 84.7) |
Up to 3 census tracts per hazard, highest National Risk Index rating first, then highest score; a tract number is the Census tract number (for example 3311.02 is Census Tract 3311.02). FEMA's Resilience Analysis and Planning Tool maps the National Risk Index for every tract: https://www.fema.gov/emergency-managers/practitioners/resilience-analysis-and-planning-tool
Supports FEMA checklist item B1-c: hazard extent
Extent: scale, observed range and worst recorded event per hazard
Sources: 6, 7
| Hazard | Scale | Recordscount and years | Observed range | Worst recorded event | Most damaging (when different) | How it applies to jurisdictions | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coastal Flood, Storm Surge/Tide | none in data (flood depth: FIRM) | 0 | Flood depth: see the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map. | ||||
| Cold/Wind Chill, Extreme Cold/Wind Chill | wind chill | 3 records, 2015 to 2016 (3 zone-level) | 1 day to 2 days (median 1.5 days); 2 with a recorded value | 2 consecutive days, 2015-02-15 to 2015-02-16, zone-level | Countywide (zone-level records). | ||
| Frost/Freeze (outside NRI's Cold Wave definition) | crop damage | 0 | |||||
| Drought | U.S. Drought Monitor scale (D0 to D4) | 13 records, 2012 to 2017 (13 zone-level) | 34 days to 274 days (median 154 days); 2 with a recorded value | 274 days (about 9.0 months), 2016-07-05 to 2017-04-04, a run of 11 consecutive Storm Events drought records, zone-level | Countywide (zone-level records). | Storm Events enters a drought at D2 or worse east of the Rockies and D3 or worse from the Rockies west (NWS Instruction 10-1605); NRI drought counts D3 and D4 only. | |
| Earthquake | Modified Mercalli (local data) | 0 | Storm Events does not record earthquakes; the USGS earthquake catalog is the source. | ||||
| Hail | hail size (inches) | 183 records, 1955 to 2025 | 0.75 in to 2.25 in (median 0.88 in); 183 with a recorded value | 2.25 in hail, 1988-06-22 | Hail, 2004-08-20, $50,000 property; crops not reported (2004 dollars) | Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Townsend town (11 records), Stow town (7 records), Billerica town (6 records), Framingham city (6 records), Hudson town (6 records), Lexington town (6 records), Tewksbury town (6 records), Dracut town (5 records), Marlborough city (5 records), Newton city (5 records); and 28 more jurisdictions (see the Excel file). | |
| Excessive Heat, Heat | heat index (in event narratives) | 5 records, 2010 to 2025 (5 zone-level) | 2 days to 4 days (median 2 days); 3 with a recorded value | 4 consecutive days, 2025-06-22 to 2025-06-25, zone-level | Countywide (zone-level records). | ||
| Hurricane, Tropical Storm, Tropical Depression | Saffir-Simpson | 3 records, 2011 to 2020 (3 zone-level) | Strongest recorded: Tropical Storm record, 2011-08-28, $3,200,000 property; $0 crops (2011 dollars); NWS zone MAZ005 | Countywide (zone-level records). | Storm Events files every zone of a storm's episode under the storm's type; flooding from the storm is filed as Flood or Flash Flood records. | ||
| Ice Storm | Sperry-Piltz ice scale (local data) | 3 records, 1998 to 2008 (3 zone-level) | Ice Storm, 2008-12-11, $3,000,000 property; $0 crops (2008 dollars); NWS zone MAZ026 | Countywide (zone-level records). | |||
| Flash Flood, Flood, Lakeshore Flood | damage and flood days (flood depth: FIRM) | 247 records, 1996 to 2025 (22 zone-level) | Flood, 2010-03-14, $26,430,000 property; $0 crops (2010 dollars) | Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Framingham city (13 records), Waltham city (9 records), Cambridge city (7 records), Natick town (7 records), Wilmington town (5 records), Concord town (4 records), Lowell city (4 records), Winchester town (4 records), Ashland town (3 records), Billerica town (3 records); and 29 more jurisdictions (see the Excel file). Zone-level records (22) apply countywide. | Flood depth: see the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map. Storm Events damage is often $0 or blank for floods, major ones included; FEMA Public Assistance by declaration (B1-d) shows which floods cost the most. | ||
| Debris Flow | none (count and damage only) | 0 | |||||
| Lightning | annualized frequency (the measure FEMA's Local Mitigation Planning Handbook names) | 63 records, 1996 to 2025 | Lightning, 2000-06-27, damage not reported, 1 direct death, 3 direct injuries | Lightning, 2001-06-17, $400,000 property; crops not reported (2001 dollars) | Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Marlborough city (6 records), Wilmington town (4 records), Burlington town (3 records), Concord town (3 records), Lowell city (3 records), Tewksbury town (3 records), Bedford town (2 records), Cambridge city (2 records), Framingham city (2 records), Natick town (2 records); and 12 more jurisdictions (see the Excel file). | Storm Events lists lightning with damage or casualties. | |
| High Wind and Strong Wind (outside NRI's Strong Wind definition) | wind speed (kt and mph) | 223 records, 1996 to 2025 (223 zone-level) | 27 kt (31 mph) to 69 kt (79 mph) (median 45 kt (52 mph)); 177 with a recorded value | 69 kt (79 mph) estimated gust, High Wind, 2019-02-25; NWS zone MAZ014 | High Wind, 2006-02-17, $700,000 property; crops not reported (zone total, 2006 dollars) | Countywide (zone-level records). | |
| Thunderstorm Wind | wind speed (kt and mph) | 632 records, 1957 to 2026 | 40 kt (46 mph) to 87 kt (100 mph) (median 50 kt (58 mph)); 593 with a recorded value | 87 kt (100 mph) estimated gust, Thunderstorm Wind, 2020-05-15; same speed and measurement basis also recorded on 2014-07-07 | Thunderstorm Wind, 2012-07-18, $350,000 property; $0 crops (2012 dollars) | Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Concord town (23 records), Natick town (15 records), Groton town (14 records), Acton town (13 records), Marlborough city (13 records), Medford city (13 records), Hopkinton town (12 records), Billerica town (11 records), Dracut town (11 records), Westford town (11 records); and 40 more jurisdictions (see the Excel file). | |
| Tornado | Enhanced Fujita (Fujita before Feb 2007) | 21 records, 1955 to 2025 | F/EF0 to F/EF3 (median F/EF1); 21 with a recorded value | F3 tornado, 1974-09-29, 33 yd wide, $250,000 property; crops not recorded (1974 dollars), 1 direct injury; same rating, casualties and property damage also recorded on 1970-10-03 | Tornado, 1972-07-21, $2,500,000 property; crops not recorded (1972 dollars) | Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Stow town (2 records), Concord town (1 record), Hudson town (1 record), Marlborough city (1 record). | Before 1996 a tornado is listed once, under the county where it began, with its whole path's rating and length; from 1996 on, each county lists its own segment. Length is not used to rank tornadoes (see Methods). |
| Tsunami | none (count and damage only) | 0 | |||||
| Wildfire | acres burned (local data) | 0 | |||||
| Winter Storm, Heavy Snow, Blizzard, Lake-Effect Snow, Winter Weather, Sleet | none in data (snowfall: local data) | 194 records, 1996 to 2026 (194 zone-level) | Heavy Snow, 1996-01-07, $1,500,000 property; crops not reported (1996 dollars); NWS zone MAZ005 | Countywide (zone-level records). |
Where a hazard names more than 10 jurisdictions, the table lists the 10 with the most records; every one is in the Excel file, sheet "B1-c Extent".
In event narratives only (local data needed): wind chill, temperature, heat index, ice thickness, acres burned and snow depth; any physical measure of debris flow, lightning and tsunami.
Storm Events records are more complete after 1996; before 1996 only Tornado (from 1950), Hail and Thunderstorm Wind (from 1955) exist. Zone-level records from zones that no NWS zone-county file places in this county (mostly before 2020) are not counted here (the Methods page explains the zone matching).
Dollars are nominal (as reported), labeled with the year; not adjusted for inflation.
Supports FEMA checklist item B1-d: previous occurrences
Federal declarations for this county: 35 declarations covering 27 separate hazard incidents counted in this packet (declarations for the same incident count once; non-natural and evacuation-only declarations are not counted).
No county-level plan row in FEMA data, so there is no approval date to count from.
Federal disaster declarations for this county
Sources: 1, 2, 3
| Declared | Incident began | FEMA number | Type | Title | Mapped hazard | County Public Assistancefederal share obligated, nominal dollars | Flags | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-09-15 | 2023-09-15 | EM-3599-MA | Emergency | Hurricane Lee | Hurricane | no Public Assistance recorded | within last 5 years | |
| 2020-03-27 | 2020-01-20 | DR-4496-MA | Major disaster | COVID-19 Pandemic | Non-natural, not counted | $601,534,674.43 | ||
| 2020-03-13 | 2020-01-20 | EM-3438-MA | Emergency | COVID-19 | Non-natural, not counted | no Public Assistance recorded | same incident as DR-4496 | |
| 2018-07-19 | 2018-03-13 | DR-4379-MA | Major disaster | Severe Winter Storm and Snowstorm | Winter Weather | $10,779,440.29 | ||
| 2015-04-13 | 2015-01-26 | DR-4214-MA | Major disaster | Severe Winter Storm, Snowstorm, and Flooding | Inland Flooding; Winter Weather | $14,653,904.90 | ||
| 2013-04-19 | 2013-02-08 | DR-4110-MA | Major disaster | Severe Winter Storm, Snowstorm, and Flooding | Inland Flooding; Winter Weather | $9,611,906.27 | ||
| 2013-04-17 | 2013-04-15 | EM-3362-MA | Emergency | Explosions | Non-natural, not counted | $958,027.47 | ||
| 2012-10-28 | 2012-10-27 | EM-3350-MA | Emergency | Hurricane Sandy | Hurricane | no Public Assistance recorded | ||
| 2012-01-06 | 2011-10-29 | DR-4051-MA | Major disaster | Severe Storm and Snowstorm | Winter Weather | $4,428,613.50 | ||
| 2011-11-01 | 2011-10-29 | EM-3343-MA | Emergency | Severe Storm | Hazard not mapped (severe storm title names no single hazard); not counted | no Public Assistance recorded | same incident as DR-4051 | |
| 2011-08-26 | 2011-08-26 | EM-3330-MA | Emergency | Hurricane Irene | Hurricane | $1,591,158.25 | ||
| 2011-03-07 | 2011-01-11 | DR-1959-MA | Major disaster | Severe Winter Storm and Snowstorm | Winter Weather | $6,425,978.61 | ||
| 2010-09-02 | 2010-09-01 | EM-3315-MA | Emergency | Hurricane Earl | Hurricane | $20,187.74 | ||
| 2010-05-03 | 2010-05-01 | EM-3312-MA | Emergency | Water Main Break | Non-natural, not counted | no Public Assistance recorded | ||
| 2010-03-29 | 2010-03-12 | DR-1895-MA | Major disaster | Severe Storms and Flooding | Inland Flooding | $6,041,985.83 | ||
| 2009-01-05 | 2008-12-11 | DR-1813-MA | Major disaster | Severe Winter Storm and Flooding | Ice Storm | $4,250,711.21 | ||
| 2008-12-13 | 2008-12-11 | EM-3296-MA | Emergency | Severe Winter Storm | Winter Weather | no Public Assistance recorded | same incident as DR-1813 | |
| 2006-05-25 | 2006-05-12 | DR-1642-MA | Major disaster | Severe Storms and Flooding | Inland Flooding | $2,876,595.32 | ||
| 2005-11-10 | 2005-10-07 | DR-1614-MA | Major disaster | Severe Storms and Flooding | Inland Flooding | PA not declared for this county | ||
| 2005-09-13 | 2005-08-29 | EM-3252-MA | Emergency | Hurricane Katrina Evacuation | Hurricane: evacuation support, not a local hazard event; not counted | no Public Assistance recorded | ||
| 2005-02-17 | 2005-01-22 | EM-3201-MA | Emergency | Record and/or Near Record Snow | Winter Weather | $7,829,566.19 | ||
| 2004-04-21 | 2004-04-01 | DR-1512-MA | Major disaster | Flooding | Inland Flooding | PA not declared for this county | ||
| 2004-01-15 | 2003-12-06 | EM-3191-MA | Emergency | Snow | Winter Weather | $6,259,910.99 | ||
| 2003-03-11 | 2003-02-17 | EM-3175-MA | Emergency | Snow | Winter Weather | $4,532,737.03 | ||
| 2001-04-10 | 2001-03-05 | DR-1364-MA | Major disaster | Severe Storms and Flooding | Inland Flooding | PA not declared for this county | ||
| 2001-03-28 | 2001-03-05 | EM-3165-MA | Emergency | Snow | Winter Weather | $4,850,071.83 | ||
| 1998-06-23 | 1998-06-13 | DR-1224-MA | Major disaster | Heavy Rains and Flooding | Inland Flooding | PA not declared for this county | ||
| 1996-10-25 | 1996-10-20 | DR-1142-MA | Major disaster | Extreme Weather Conditons and Flooding | Inland Flooding | no Public Assistance recorded | ||
| 1996-10-23 | 1996-10-20 | EM-3119-MA | Emergency | Extreme Weather Conditions and Flooding | Inland Flooding | no Public Assistance recorded | same incident as DR-1142 | |
| 1996-01-24 | 1996-01-07 | DR-1090-MA | Major disaster | Blizzard of 96 | Winter Weather | no Public Assistance recorded | ||
| 1993-03-16 | 1993-03-13 | EM-3103-MA | Emergency | Blizzards, High Winds & Record Snowfall | Winter Weather | no Public Assistance recorded | ||
| 1992-12-21 | 1992-12-11 | DR-975-MA | Major disaster | Winter Coastal Storm | Coastal Flooding | no Public Assistance recorded | ||
| 1991-08-26 | 1991-08-19 | DR-914-MA | Major disaster | Hurricane Bob | Hurricane | no Public Assistance recorded | ||
| 1987-04-18 | 1987-03-30 | DR-790-MA | Major disaster | Severe Storms & Flooding | Inland Flooding | no Public Assistance recorded | ||
| 1985-10-28 | 1985-09-27 | DR-751-MA | Major disaster | Hurricane Gloria | Hurricane | no Public Assistance recorded |
School districts and special districts in this county: $25,882,541.13 (included in the county total above). Public Assistance matched by applicant name to the school districts and special districts FEMA lists as plan participants in this county. They have no row of their own in the jurisdiction table, so their total is listed here. These dollars are already included in the county PA column of the declarations table (the FEMA record places each applicant in this county), so this line is not added to it.
County Public Assistance: applicants the FEMA record places in this county, including any state agencies FEMA files there; statewide rows are listed on the state page; federal share obligated, nominal dollars.
Statewide declarations
Source: 2
| Declared | Incident began | FEMA number | Type | Title | Mapped hazard |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1955-08-20 | 1955-08-20 | DR-43-MA | Major disaster | Hurricane & Floods | Hurricane (primary); also designated: Inland Flooding |
| 1954-09-02 | 1954-09-02 | DR-22-MA | Major disaster | Hurricanes | Hurricane (primary); also designated: Inland Flooding |
| 1953-06-11 | 1953-06-11 | DR-7-MA | Major disaster | Tornado | Tornado |
FEMA recorded these with designated area Statewide and no county, so they are listed on every county page in the state and not counted with county rows. Local data needed: whether each one affected this county.
1 Fire Management declaration (1995-09-12 to 1995-09-12) FEMA filed as Statewide with no county; each names one local fire. Listed on the state page.
Public Assistance filed under this county for declarations that do not list it: 6 rows, $339,828.91
Sources: 2, 3
| FEMA number | Declared | Title | Applicant | PA obligatedfederal share obligated, nominal dollars |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DR-4651-MA | 2022-04-18 | Severe Winter Storm and Snowstorm | Tufts University | $29,181.22 |
| DR-4097-MA | 2012-12-19 | Hurricane Sandy | Massachusetts National Guard | $175,254.87 |
| EM-3264-MA | 2005-10-19 | Severe Storms and Flooding | Massachusetts National Guard | $9,871.71 |
| EM-3264-MA | 2005-10-19 | Severe Storms and Flooding | Department of Fire Services | $10,195.10 |
| EM-3153-MA | 1999-12-06 | Warehouse Fire. | Massachusetts National Guard | $9,154.55 |
| EM-3153-MA | 1999-12-06 | Warehouse Fire. | Department of Fire Services | $106,171.46 |
FEMA's Public Assistance summaries file these applicants under this county, but FEMA's declaration rows for these disasters do not designate it (an electric cooperative or district serving several counties, for example). Not in any declaration row above and not counted.
Previous occurrences by hazard, with explicit no-event rows
Sources: 2, 6, 7
| Hazard | Storm Events records, all years on file(years in the Period column) | Since plan approvalrecords | In the 12 months before plan approvalrecords | Last 5 yearsrecords | Declared incidents, all yearsseparate disasters | Declared since approvalseparate disasters | Period | Statement |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coastal Flooding | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | No Storm Events records of this type; 1 federal declared incident (see declarations table) | |||
| Cold Wave | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | ||||
| Drought | 13 | 0 | 0 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | ||||
| Earthquake | 0 | 0 | 0 | Storm Events does not record earthquakes; the USGS earthquake catalog is the source. | ||||
| Hail | 183 | 3 | 0 | 1955 to 2026-06-30 | ||||
| Heat Wave | 5 | 1 | 0 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | ||||
| Hurricane | 3 | 0 | 6 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | ||||
| Ice Storm | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | ||||
| Inland Flooding | 247 | 48 | 10 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | ||||
| Landslide | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events | |||
| Lightning | 63 | 5 | 0 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | ||||
| Strong Wind | 855 | 117 | 0 | 1955 to 2026-06-30 | Includes 80 High Wind and 143 Strong Wind records. | |||
| Tornado | 21 | 1 | 0 | 1950 to 2026-06-30 | ||||
| Tsunami | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events | |||
| Wildfire | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events | |||
| Winter Weather | 194 | 20 | 12 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 |
Notable Storm Events records
Sources: 1, 6, 7
| Date | Event type | Magnitude or extent | Damagenominal dollars | Deaths, injuriesdirect only | Location | Flags | Why listed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025-06-22 | Excessive Heat | $0 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2025 dollars) | 0, 3 | NWS zone MAZ005 (WESTERN MIDDLESEX), zone-level | within last 5 years | B1-c worst recorded: Excessive Heat, Heat | |
| 2021-03-26 | Strong Wind | 43 kt (49 mph) estimated gust | $500 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2021 dollars) | 1, 2 | NWS zone MAZ026 (NORTHWEST MIDDLESEX COUNTY), zone-level | deaths or injuries recorded | |
| 2020-05-15 | Thunderstorm Wind | 87 kt (100 mph) estimated gust | $250,000 property; $0 crops (2020 dollars) | 0, 0 | HOVEY CORNER | B1-c worst recorded: Thunderstorm Wind | |
| 2019-02-25 | High Wind | 69 kt (79 mph) estimated gust | $20,000 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2019 dollars) | 0, 0 | NWS zone MAZ014 (SOUTHEAST MIDDLESEX), zone-level | B1-c worst recorded: High Wind and Strong Wind | |
| 2016-07-05 | Drought | $0 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2016 dollars) | 0, 0 | NWS zone MAZ005 (WESTERN MIDDLESEX), zone-level | B1-c worst recorded: Drought | ||
| 2015-02-15 | Extreme Cold/Wind Chill | $0 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2015 dollars) | 0, 0 | NWS zone MAZ005 (WESTERN MIDDLESEX), zone-level | B1-c worst recorded: Cold/Wind Chill, Extreme Cold/Wind Chill | ||
| 2011-08-28 | Tropical Storm | $3,200,000 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2011 dollars) | 0, 0 | NWS zone MAZ005 (WESTERN MIDDLESEX), zone-level | B1-c worst recorded: Hurricane, Tropical Storm, Tropical Depression | ||
| 2010-03-14 | Flood | $26,430,000 property; $0 crops (2010 dollars) | 0, 0 | HOLLISTON to HOVEY CORNER | B1-c worst recorded: Flash Flood, Flood, Lakeshore Flood | ||
| 2008-12-11 | Ice Storm | $3,000,000 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2008 dollars) | 0, 0 | NWS zone MAZ026 (NORTHWEST MIDDLESEX COUNTY), zone-level | B1-c worst recorded: Ice Storm | ||
| 2000-06-27 | Lightning | damage not reported | 1, 3 | WESTFORD | deaths or injuries recorded | ||
| 1998-03-12 | Winter Weather | damage not reported | 2, 0 | NWS zone MAZ005 (WESTERN MIDDLESEX), zone-level | deaths or injuries recorded | ||
| 1974-09-29 | Tornado | F3, 33 yd wide | $250,000 property; crops not recorded (1974 dollars) | 0, 1 | location not recorded | B1-c worst recorded: Tornado |
The full list is in the Excel file, sheet "B1-d Storm Events history" (1,590 rows).
Location is the place NOAA recorded, as written in its data; it need not be a jurisdiction in this plan.
Local data needed: state-declared emergencies, from your state emergency management agency (federal data do not include them).
Tribal and special-area declarations in this state are listed on the state page.
Supports FEMA checklist item B1-e: probability of future events
Probability: FEMA annualized frequency and descriptor per hazard
Sources: 5, 6
| Hazard | FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)unit per row | Unit | In plain terms | Descriptor | Descriptor basis | NRI events or days in its record period (hail, wind and tornado are area-weighted, so can be fractional) | NRI period | Location | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coastal Flooding | 6.16 | events per year at a location (modeled) | about 6.2 per year at a given location in the county | Highly likely | FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) | not shown | modeled | see B1-f | Descriptor from NRI: the rate at a location is 1 or more a year, so the county rate is at least that. |
| Cold Wave | 1.85 | event-days per year | about 1.85 days per year | Possible | Storm Events event-days in 2 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (6.67%) | 35.1 | 2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years) | countywide | |
| Drought | 7.12 | event-days per year | about 7.12 days per year | Likely | Storm Events event-days in 3 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (10%) | 266 | 2000 to 2025 (25.25 years; D3 and D4 only) | countywide | |
| Earthquake | 0.00197 | annual probability at a location | chance a given location in the county has at least minor-damage shaking in a year: 0.197% | not shown | modeled | see B1-f | No descriptor (Storm Events does not record earthquakes). | ||
| Hail | 2.3 | events per year | about 2.3 per year | Highly likely | FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) | 87.2 (modeled) | 1986 to 2023 (38 years) | countywide | |
| Heat Wave | 5.7 | event-days per year | about 5.7 days per year | Likely | Storm Events event-days in 3 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (10%) | 95.6 | 2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years) | countywide | |
| Hurricane | 0.161 | events per year | about 1 in 6 years | Likely | FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) | 60 | 1851 to 2024 (Atlantic) | see B1-f | NRI counts hurricane and tropical storm tracks passing within storm-force wind range; federal declarations are in B1-d. |
| Ice Storm | 2.7 | event-days per year | about 2.7 days per year | Likely | Storm Events event-days in 3 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (10%) | 182 | 1946-12-31 to 2014-02-12 (67 years) | countywide | |
| Inland Flooding | 4.25 | event-days per year | about 4.25 days per year | Highly likely | Storm Events event-days in 28 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (93.3%) | 119 | 1996 to 2023 (28 years) | see B1-f | |
| Landslide | 0.555 | events per year (modeled) | about 0.55 per year | Likely | FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) | not shown | modeled | see B1-f | |
| Lightning | 21.6 | days per year with a strike | about 21.6 days per year | Highly likely | FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) | not shown | 1995 to 2023 (29 years; CONUS) | countywide | |
| Strong Wind | 0.971 | events per year | about 0.97 per year | Likely | FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) | 37 | 1986 to 2023 (38 years) | countywide | |
| Tornado | 0.176 | events per year | about 1 in 6 years | Likely | FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) | not shown | 1950 to 2023 (EF2+); 1986 to 2023 (EF0-1) | see B1-f | |
| Tsunami | annual probability at the most exposed location (used in place of a county value) | Storm Events records in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%) | not shown | modeled | see B1-f | No descriptor: no Storm Events record 1996 to 2025 | |||
| Wildfire | 0.000168 | annual probability at a location | chance a given location in the county burns in a year: 0.0168% | Storm Events records in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%) | not shown | modeled | see B1-f | No descriptor: no Storm Events record 1996 to 2025 | |
| Winter Weather | 17.2 | event-days per year | about 17.2 days per year | Highly likely | Storm Events event-days in 30 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (100%) | 326 | 2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years) | countywide |
FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) is the National Risk Index v1.20 (December 2025) estimate of how often a hazard affects this county in a year; it is not recorded events divided by years, and its unit differs by hazard (events, event-days, or days with a lightning strike per year). For earthquake, wildfire, coastal flooding and tsunami the value is the chance (or number of events) at a location in the county, not across the county, so no "1 in N years" is given and the descriptor comes from Storm Events where it has a record (none for earthquake). The Methods page gives each hazard's method, from FEMA's National Risk Index Technical Documentation v1.20.
Where NRI gives event-days, the descriptor comes from the share of years with a Storm Events record; NRI's source records more events, so the two differ.
Descriptor scale used in this packet (defined per unit)
Sources: 5, 6
| Unit | Descriptor | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| events per year | Highly likely | 1 or more per year |
| events per year | Likely | about once in 1 to 10 years |
| events per year | Possible | about once in 10 to 100 years |
| events per year | Unlikely | less than once in 100 years |
| annual probability | Likely | 10% to under 100% chance in a given year |
| annual probability | Possible | 1% to under 10% chance in a given year |
| annual probability | Unlikely | under 1% chance in a given year |
| event-days (share of years) | Highly likely | event-days recorded in 90% or more of years |
| event-days (share of years) | Likely | event-days recorded in 10% to under 90% of years |
| event-days (share of years) | Possible | event-days recorded in some years but under 10% of years |
| lightning strike-days | Highly likely | cloud-to-ground strikes on 1 or more days per year |
Intensity bands: historical frequency (Storm Events)
Source: 6
| Hazard | Band | Years | Eventscounty-coded records | Years in period | Events per yearevents / years |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hail | 1.00-1.99 in | 1996 to 2025 | 70 | 30 | 2.33 |
| Hail | 2.00 in+ | 1996 to 2025 | 4 | 30 | 0.133 |
| Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind) | 50-64 kt | 1996 to 2025 | 536 | 30 | 17.9 |
| Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind) | 65 kt+ | 1996 to 2025 | 7 | 30 | 0.233 |
| Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind) | unmeasured or below 50 kt | 1996 to 2025 | 20 | 30 | 0.667 |
| Tornado | EF0-1 | 1996 to 2025 | 4 | 30 | 0.133 |
| Tornado | EF2-3 | 1996 to 2025 | 0 | 30 | 0 |
| Tornado | EF4-5 | 1996 to 2025 | 0 | 30 | 0 |
| Tornado | unrated (EFU) | 1996 to 2025 | 0 | 30 | 0 |
The bands show how often events of each severity were recorded in this county, to profile how severe events have been (FEMA's probability item asks for the range of intensities).
Hail smaller than 1 inch is not counted: on 2010-01-05 the National Weather Service raised its severe-hail threshold from 3/4 inch to 1 inch, so smaller reports became less common after 2009 (NWS Service Change Notice 09-52). NRI hail frequency uses a 0.75 inch threshold.
Optional: future conditions. Not a required item in the 2025 FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Policy Guide; some states ask for it. The federal Climate Mapping for Resilience and Adaptation (CMRA) site gives county exposure to future climate conditions (https://resilience.climate.gov/).
Supports FEMA checklist item B1-f: hazards that vary across jurisdictions
Range of census tract risk within the county
Source: 5
| Hazard | Tractsrated of all | NRI risk score, 0 to 100 | Tracts by rating | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Min | Median | Max | |||
| Coastal Flooding | 58 of 357 | 69.8 | 77.4 | 96.0 | Relatively High 1, Relatively Moderate 4, Relatively Low 29, Very Low 24, No Rating 299 |
| Cold Wave | 357 of 357 | 15.4 | 31.3 | 56.6 | Relatively Moderate 12, Relatively Low 342, Very Low 3 |
| Drought | 33 of 357 | 73.3 | 91.4 | 96.9 | Relatively Moderate 15, Relatively Low 14, Very Low 4, No Rating 324 |
| Earthquake | 356 of 357 | 0.2 | 59.4 | 84.1 | Relatively Moderate 14, Relatively Low 302, Very Low 40, No Rating 1 |
| Hail | 357 of 357 | 0.1 | 5.9 | 20.6 | Very Low 357 |
| Heat Wave | 357 of 357 | 1.3 | 27.5 | 62.3 | Relatively Moderate 6, Relatively Low 292, Very Low 59 |
| Hurricane | 357 of 357 | 14.1 | 72.1 | 87.4 | Relatively Moderate 50, Relatively Low 304, Very Low 3 |
| Ice Storm | 356 of 357 | 0.1 | 79.7 | 96.2 | Relatively High 50, Relatively Moderate 183, Relatively Low 105, Very Low 18, No Rating 1 |
| Inland Flooding | 356 of 357 | 0.1 | 38.9 | 94.8 | Relatively High 26, Relatively Moderate 107, Relatively Low 153, Very Low 70, No Rating 1 |
| Landslide | 351 of 357 | 8.6 | 39.1 | 83.0 | Relatively Low 2, Very Low 349, No Rating 6 |
| Lightning | 356 of 357 | 0.1 | 33.1 | 63.4 | Relatively Moderate 26, Relatively Low 293, Very Low 37, No Rating 1 |
| Strong Wind | 357 of 357 | 0.2 | 30.2 | 57.9 | Relatively Moderate 2, Relatively Low 311, Very Low 44 |
| Tornado | 357 of 357 | 0.2 | 30.8 | 54.7 | Relatively Moderate 1, Relatively Low 197, Very Low 159 |
| Tsunami | 0 of 357 | Insufficient Data 357 | |||
| Wildfire | 225 of 357 | 18.7 | 42.0 | 86.0 | Relatively Low 35, Very Low 190, No Rating 132 |
| Winter Weather | 357 of 357 | 10.6 | 21.3 | 31.5 | Relatively Low 302, Very Low 55 |
Drought: Agriculture is all of NRI's expected annual loss for this hazard in the county, so the tract range mostly reflects where crop and livestock value is.
Rated tracts only: No Rating (score 0.0), Not Applicable and Insufficient Data tracts are counted but not used for the minimum, median and maximum.
The score ranks a tract against all U.S. tracts (100 = highest). The rating is FEMA's category for the tract's risk value, computed differently, so the two can disagree.
Frequency data for cold wave, drought, hail, heat wave, ice storm, lightning, strong wind and winter weather are county-wide or coarse (49 km grid or NWS zone), the same for every jurisdiction; the tract range mostly reflects where buildings and people are (crop and livestock value where a line above names agriculture).
Each jurisdiction (starting figures from federal data)
Sources: 1, 3, 4, 6
| Jurisdiction | Type | Plan status | Repetitive lossFMA RL and SRL (44 CFR 77.2); repeat-flood, any definition | Public Assistance to this jurisdictionFEMA records matched by applicant name; federal share obligated, nominal dollars | Event records naming this placeall years; since its plan | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cambridge city | City | Approved, expires 2030-04-15 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 3 | $13,670,132.40 | 18 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $10,035,008.19 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA, EM-3362-MA). |
| Devens CDP | Unincorporated | Expired on 2021-05-23 | no Public Assistance recorded | 0 total; 0 since its plan | No NFIP community ID on this jurisdiction's plan row. | |
| Everett city | City | Approved, expires 2027-04-03 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 2 | $5,052,296.14 | 2 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $3,784,644.66 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Framingham city | City | Approved, expires 2028-03-26 | FMA RL 0, SRL 1; any 17 | $6,771,412.49 | 31 total; 2 since its plan | Includes $3,918,930.42 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Lowell city | City | Expired on 2026-06-20 | FMA RL 1, SRL 0; any 26 | $7,390,744.60 | 15 total; 3 since its plan | Includes $3,736,179 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Malden city | City | Approved, expires 2027-12-08 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 5 | $1,478,868.96 | 7 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $227,862.82 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Marlborough city | City | Approved, expires 2029-06-13 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 1 | $2,077,427.71 | 27 total; 1 since its plan | Includes $150,590.69 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Medford city | City | Approved, expires 2031-06-11 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 4 | $1,997,095.74 | 18 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $507,816.71 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Melrose city | City | Expired on 2024-06-27 | FMA RL 0, SRL 2; any 11 | $2,861,763.81 | 4 total; 2 since its plan | Includes $761,351.13 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Newton city | City | Expired on 2024-09-04 | FMA RL 0, SRL 3; any 47 | $6,422,611.80 | 14 total; 4 since its plan | Includes $1,008,253.64 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Somerville city | City | Approved, expires 2027-01-30 | FMA RL 0, SRL 1; any 5 | $6,095,205.25 | 10 total; 1 since its plan | Includes $4,611,755.68 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Waltham city | City | Expired on 2024-10-01 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 14 | $4,080,320.55 | 13 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $206,457.40 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA, EM-3362-MA). |
| Watertown Town city | City | Expired on 2024-05-07 | FMA RL 0, SRL 1; any 1 | no Public Assistance recorded | 0 total; 0 since its plan | |
| Woburn city | City | Approved, expires 2026-12-15 | FMA RL 0, SRL 1; any 5 | $2,125,569.65 | 3 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $430,882.09 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA, EM-3362-MA). |
| Acton town | Town | Approved, expires 2030-01-09 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 5 | $718,110.56 | 18 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $160,257.29 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Arlington town | Town | Expired on 2025-06-08 | FMA RL 0, SRL 1; any 39 | $1,723,155.93 | 13 total; 1 since its plan | Includes $92,843.36 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA, EM-3362-MA). |
| Ashby town | Town | Approved, expires 2027-08-23 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | $965,987.22 | 9 total; 2 since its plan | Includes $153,267.38 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Ashland town | Town | Approved, expires 2031-05-27 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 1 | $748,970.53 | 13 total; 0 since its plan | |
| Ayer town | Town | Expired on 2021-05-23 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | $512,904.82 | 10 total; 3 since its plan | Includes $68,053.92 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Bedford town | Town | Approved, expires 2027-11-01 | FMA RL 0, SRL 2; any 13 | $1,648,363.54 | 5 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $641,091.31 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Belmont town | Town | Expired on 2026-05-31 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 2 | $2,428,089.82 | 9 total; 1 since its plan | Includes $823,537.20 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA, EM-3362-MA). |
| Billerica town | Town | Approved, expires 2027-03-20 | FMA RL 2, SRL 3; any 48 | $2,205,810.16 | 20 total; 1 since its plan | Includes $461,519.36 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Boxborough town | Town | Approved, expires 2029-10-15 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | $276,652.08 | 5 total; 0 since its plan | |
| Burlington town | Town | Approved, expires 2031-06-25 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 8 | $1,385,601.44 | 10 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $71,413.28 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Carlisle town | Town | Approved, expires 2026-12-07 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | $828,270.56 | 3 total; 1 since its plan | Includes $488,207.99 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Chelmsford town | Town | Expired on 2025-12-29 | FMA RL 0, SRL 2; any 7 | $1,956,156.78 | 0 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $35,445.23 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Concord town | Town | Approved, expires 2028-04-04 | FMA RL 0, SRL 2; any 5 | $1,723,543.40 | 32 total; 1 since its plan | Includes $633,907.29 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Dracut town | Town | Expired on 2026-09-09 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 2 | $1,161,652.23 | 18 total; 3 since its plan | Includes $19,920.09 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Dunstable town | Town | Approved, expires 2030-01-21 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | $392,503.07 | 2 total; 1 since its plan | Includes $57,026.62 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Groton town | Town | Expired on 2025-12-29 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | $1,233,641.95 | 17 total; 1 since its plan | Includes $245,848.96 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA, EM-3362-MA). |
| Holliston town | Town | Approved, expires 2031-01-05 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 4 | $1,024,125.62 | 13 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $386,560.47 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Hopkinton town | Town | Expired on 2025-12-07 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | $1,175,455.41 | 17 total; 2 since its plan | Includes $160,253.16 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA, EM-3362-MA). |
| Hudson town | Town | Approved, expires 2029-06-03 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | $1,732,485.09 | 15 total; 3 since its plan | Includes $559,901.39 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Lexington town | Town | Expired on 2025-04-28 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 5 | $2,527,982.36 | 13 total; 1 since its plan | Includes $632,368.41 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Lincoln town | Town | Expired on 2023-05-24 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 1 | $743,975.96 | 4 total; 1 since its plan | Includes $281,588.37 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Littleton town | Town | Approved, expires 2030-07-20 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 1 | $740,605.47 | 11 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $158,667.75 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Maynard town | Town | Approved, expires 2029-08-27 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | $596,850.33 | 6 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $46,528.83 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Natick town | Town | Approved, expires 2030-05-05 | FMA RL 0, SRL 1; any 5 | $3,260,187.54 | 27 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $1,982,596.47 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| North Reading town | Town | Approved, expires 2027-03-03 | FMA RL 0, SRL 1; any 24 | $1,298,098.19 | 10 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $1,008.18 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (EM-3362-MA). |
| Pepperell town | Town | Expired on 2026-09-19 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 2 | $595,184.09 | 5 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $154,671.69 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Reading town | Town | Approved, expires 2029-04-11 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 1 | $1,978,374.45 | 10 total; 1 since its plan | Includes $501,771.65 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Sherborn town | Town | Expired on 2024-03-18 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 1 | $435,054.95 | 9 total; 1 since its plan | |
| Shirley town | Town | Expired on 2021-05-23 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 1 | $507,676.84 | 11 total; 2 since its plan | |
| Stoneham town | Town | Approved, expires 2027-01-26 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | $1,258,283.35 | 3 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $406,210.30 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Stow town | Town | Expired on 2016-02-03 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | $321,649.17 | 18 total; 9 since its plan | Includes $82,635.58 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Sudbury town | Town | Expired on 2025-10-06 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 3 | $1,662,854.34 | 6 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $347,956.88 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Tewksbury town | Town | Expired on 2026-01-05 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 7 | $1,608,052.83 | 13 total; 1 since its plan | Includes $202,999.92 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Townsend town | Town | Expired on 2026-02-23 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 3 | $603,920.07 | 23 total; 1 since its plan | Includes $58,811.18 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Tyngsborough town | Town | Expired on 2025-12-22 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 8 | $803,125.42 | 0 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $141,921.55 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Wakefield town | Town | Expired on 2026-05-11 | FMA RL 0, SRL 2; any 13 | $3,256,390.49 | 17 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $1,047,513.69 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Wayland town | Town | Expired on 2026-03-08 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 5 | $1,140,743.37 | 10 total; 1 since its plan | Includes $52,753.59 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Westford town | Town | Approved, expires 2027-02-06 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | $2,085,509.32 | 16 total; 1 since its plan | Includes $553,394.35 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Weston town | Town | Expired on 2026-06-23 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 2 | $1,534,503.01 | 16 total; 2 since its plan | Includes $220,347.92 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Wilmington town | Town | Approved, expires 2027-01-04 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 3 | $1,080,513.55 | 18 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $112,699.92 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Winchester town | Town | Approved, expires 2028-08-30 | FMA RL 0, SRL 4; any 29 | $1,167,345.13 | 5 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $508,518.79 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
Repetitive-loss counts are for whole NFIP communities, which can extend beyond this county (see the note in B2-c).
School districts and special districts get a plan clock row only.
County Public Assistance in B1-d also includes applicants filed under the county that are not jurisdictions in this plan (for example state agencies, special districts and nonprofits), so the jurisdiction rows add up to less.
Supports FEMA checklist items B2-a and B2-b: vulnerability and potential impacts
Local data needed
The table below gives county-level starting figures; the plan describes impacts for each jurisdiction and its own assets.
No county-level plan row in FEMA data, so there is no approval date to count from.
- Critical facilities and lifelines per hazard
- A problem statement per jurisdiction per hazard
- Changes in development in hazard-prone areas since the last approval, or a statement of none (E1-a)
- Future assets
County-level starter: exposure, expected annual loss and damage since the plan
Sources: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7
| Hazard | Building exposuremodeled dollars | Agriculture exposuremodeled dollars | Population exposedpeople | EAL buildingsmodeled dollars per year | EAL agriculturemodeled dollars per year | Cost of expected deaths and injuriesFEMA's dollar value per year, not property damage | EAL as % of exposurebuildings; agriculture where noted | Storm Events damage since plancounty-coded records, property plus crops, nominal dollars | Zone-level damage since planproperty plus crops, reported for the zone | Public Assistance since plannominal dollars; see note | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coastal Flooding | $15,164,862,040 | n/a | 63,356 | $416,286 | n/a | $1,710 | 0.00275% | ||||
| Cold Wave | $342,960,947,223 | $81,565,210 | 1,629,857 | $5,971 | $13,491 | $9,048,894 | under 0.0001% | ||||
| Drought | n/a | $69,816,267 | n/a | n/a | $1,683,077 | n/a | 2.41% (agriculture) | NRI has no building exposure for this hazard; agriculture shown | |||
| Earthquake | $594,877,100,862 | n/a | 1,632,002 | $19,326,479 | n/a | $4,927,202 | 0.00325% | ||||
| Hail | $342,960,949,790 | $81,565,210 | 1,629,857 | $82,553 | $483 | $23,959 | under 0.0001% | ||||
| Heat Wave | $342,960,947,223 | $81,565,210 | 1,629,857 | $10 | $11,116 | $8,521,973 | under 0.0001% | ||||
| Hurricane | $342,906,485,166 | $81,565,210 | 1,629,392 | $28,587,279 | $566,257 | $941,595 | 0.00834% | ||||
| Ice Storm | $341,837,032,018 | n/a | 1,622,899 | $7,233,070 | n/a | $621,140 | 0.00212% | ||||
| Inland Flooding | $342,595,990,113 | $18,607,328 | 29,492 | $222,851,007 | $300,453 | $1,244,080 | n/a (see note) | NRI counts the full building value of any census block with some flood loss; this is not the value of buildings in the floodplain. Use local FIRM overlays for B2-a/B2-b. | |||
| Landslide | $8,195,139,296 | n/a | 37,124 | $202 | n/a | $2,116 | under 0.0001% | ||||
| Lightning | $342,960,949,790 | n/a | 1,629,857 | $335,408 | n/a | $2,427,073 | under 0.0001% | ||||
| Strong Wind | $342,960,949,790 | $81,565,210 | 1,629,857 | $770,066 | $607 | $2,617,152 | 0.000225% | ||||
| Tornado | $342,960,949,790 | $81,565,210 | 1,629,857 | $7,749,719 | $986 | $1,221,397 | 0.00226% | ||||
| Tsunami | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | NRI publishes no building exposure for this county | ||||
| Wildfire | $18,561,503,452 | $25,497,889 | 115,084 | $238,759 | $45 | $29,359 | 0.00129% | ||||
| Winter Weather | $342,960,947,223 | $81,565,210 | 1,629,857 | $50,258 | $16 | $96,565 | under 0.0001% |
Totals since the plan: not available. No county-level plan row in FEMA data, so there is no approval date to count from.
FEMA does not split Public Assistance by hazard. A declaration mapped to several hazards is listed under each of them with its full amount, so the per-hazard column does not add up to the total; the unit total counts each declaration once.
NRI computes earthquake exposure on its own basis, so it exceeds the county building value in B2-a.
Supports FEMA checklist item B2-a: vulnerability (county context)
County context
Source: 5
| Measure | Value |
|---|---|
| Population | 1,629,857 |
| Building value (total, not at risk) | $342,960,949,790 |
| Agriculture value (total, not at risk) | $81,565,210 |
| NRI risk rating (all hazards) | Relatively High |
| Expected annual loss, buildings and agriculture, all hazards | $290,223,598 |
| Expected annual loss, population equivalence, all hazards (NRI values each statistical life at $13.7M; a modeled value of expected deaths and injuries, not property damage) | $31,724,216 |
| Social vulnerability rating | Very Low |
| Community resilience rating | Very High |
| NRI version | December 2025 |
FEMA's all-hazard expected annual loss adds buildings, agriculture and population equivalence; this table gives the property part and the population-equivalence part as separate rows.
Social vulnerability: higher means people are more likely to be harmed and slower to recover. Community resilience: lower means the community is less able to recover. High social vulnerability and low resilience both raise the NRI risk rating.
Supports FEMA checklist item B2-c: repetitive loss properties
Repetitive loss in this county, both definitions
Sources: 1, 4
| Definition | Properties | Severe repetitive loss | Properties |
|---|---|---|---|
| Repetitive loss, FMA definition (44 CFR 77.2) | 3 | Severe repetitive loss, FMA definition (44 CFR 77.2) | 27 |
| Repetitive loss, NFIP insurance definition | 389 | Severe repetitive loss, NFIP insurance definition | 26 |
The state NFIP coordinator's list, the source FEMA's Handbook names, often uses the NFIP insurance definition (second row).
Repeat-flood properties: county total and NFIP communities
Sources: 1, 4
| Scope | RL, FMAproperties | SRL, FMAproperties | RL, NFIPproperties | SRL, NFIPproperties | Any categoryproperties | Mitigatedproperties | Currently insuredproperties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| County total | 3 | 27 | 389 | 26 | 391 | 1 | 134 |
| of which: Acton town | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
| of which: Arlington town | 0 | 1 | 39 | 1 | 39 | 0 | 10 |
| of which: Ashland town | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| of which: Belmont town | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 |
| of which: Billerica town | 2 | 3 | 48 | 3 | 48 | 0 | 15 |
| of which: Burlington town | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 6 |
| of which: Cambridge city | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
| of which: Chelmsford town | 0 | 2 | 7 | 2 | 7 | 0 | 4 |
| of which: Concord town | 0 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 0 | 1 |
| of which: Dracut town | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| of which: Everett city | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| of which: Framingham city | 0 | 1 | 17 | 1 | 17 | 0 | 3 |
| of which: Holliston town | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 1 |
| of which: Lexington town | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
| of which: Lincoln town | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| of which: Littleton town | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| of which: Lowell city | 1 | 0 | 25 | 0 | 26 | 0 | 16 |
| of which: Malden city | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
| of which: Marlborough city | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| of which: Medford city | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 1 |
| of which: Melrose city | 0 | 2 | 11 | 2 | 11 | 0 | 3 |
| of which: Natick town | 0 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 4 |
| of which: Newton city | 0 | 3 | 47 | 3 | 47 | 0 | 11 |
| of which: North Reading town | 0 | 1 | 23 | 0 | 24 | 1 | 9 |
| of which: Pepperell town | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 |
| of which: Reading town | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| of which: Sherborn town | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| of which: Shirley town | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| of which: Somerville city | 0 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 1 |
| of which: Sudbury town | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 2 |
| of which: Tewksbury town | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 1 |
| of which: Townsend town | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 |
| of which: Tyngsborough town | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 2 |
| of which: Wakefield town | 0 | 2 | 13 | 2 | 13 | 0 | 3 |
| of which: Waltham city | 0 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 5 |
| of which: Watertown town | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| of which: Wayland town | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 3 |
| of which: Weston town | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| of which: Wilmington town | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 2 |
| of which: Winchester town | 0 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 0 | 16 |
| of which: Woburn city | 0 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 3 |
| of which: Bedford town | 0 | 2 | 13 | 2 | 13 | 0 | 7 |
| of which: Unknown (community ID Unknown in FEMA data) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Repeat-flood properties by jurisdiction in the plan (NFIP community)
Sources: 1, 4
| Jurisdiction | NFIP community ID | RL, FMAproperties | SRL, FMAproperties | RL, NFIPproperties | SRL, NFIPproperties | Any categoryproperties | Mitigatedproperties | Currently insuredproperties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cambridge city | 250186 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
| Everett city | 250192 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| Framingham city | 250193 | 0 | 1 | 17 | 1 | 17 | 0 | 3 |
| Lowell city | 250201 | 1 | 0 | 25 | 0 | 26 | 0 | 16 |
| Malden city | 250202 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
| Marlborough city | 250203 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Medford city | 250205 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 1 |
| Melrose city | 250206 | 0 | 2 | 11 | 2 | 11 | 0 | 3 |
| Newton city | 250208 | 0 | 3 | 47 | 3 | 47 | 0 | 11 |
| Somerville city | 250214 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 1 |
| Waltham city | 250222 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 5 |
| Watertown Town city | 250223 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Woburn city | 250229 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 3 |
| Acton town | 250176 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
| Arlington town | 250177 | 0 | 1 | 39 | 1 | 39 | 0 | 10 |
| Ashby town | 250178 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Ashland town | 250179 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Ayer town | 250180 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Bedford town | 255209 | 0 | 2 | 13 | 2 | 13 | 0 | 7 |
| Belmont town | 250182 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 |
| Billerica town | 250183 | 2 | 3 | 48 | 3 | 48 | 0 | 15 |
| Boxborough town | 250184 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Burlington town | 250185 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 6 |
| Carlisle town | 250187 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Chelmsford town | 250188 | 0 | 2 | 7 | 2 | 7 | 0 | 4 |
| Concord town | 250189 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 0 | 1 |
| Dracut town | 250190 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| Dunstable town | 250191 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Groton town | 250194 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Holliston town | 250195 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 1 |
| Hopkinton town | 250196 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Hudson town | 250197 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Lexington town | 250198 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
| Lincoln town | 250199 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Littleton town | 250200 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Maynard town | 250204 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Natick town | 250207 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 4 |
| North Reading town | 250209 | 0 | 1 | 23 | 0 | 24 | 1 | 9 |
| Pepperell town | 250210 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 |
| Reading town | 250211 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Sherborn town | 250212 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Shirley town | 250213 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Stoneham town | 250215 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Stow town | 250216 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Sudbury town | 250217 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 2 |
| Tewksbury town | 250218 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 1 |
| Townsend town | 250219 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 |
| Tyngsborough town | 250220 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 2 |
| Wakefield town | 250221 | 0 | 2 | 13 | 2 | 13 | 0 | 3 |
| Wayland town | 250224 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 3 |
| Westford town | 250225 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Weston town | 250226 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| Wilmington town | 250227 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 2 |
| Winchester town | 250228 | 0 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 0 | 16 |
Counts by occupancy group for each jurisdiction are in the Excel file, sheet "B2-c Jurisdictions".
Jurisdiction rows are whole NFIP communities and need not add up to the county total: a community that extends into another county is counted in full on each jurisdiction row, while the county table counts only its part in this county.
County repeat-flood properties by occupancy group
Sources: 1, 4
| Occupancy group | RL, FMAproperties | SRL, FMAproperties | RL, NFIPproperties | SRL, NFIPproperties | Any categoryproperties | Mitigatedproperties | Currently insuredproperties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| single-family residential | 2 | 16 | 285 | 15 | 287 | 1 | 107 |
| 2 to 4 unit residential | 0 | 2 | 28 | 2 | 28 | 0 | 10 |
| other residential | 0 | 2 | 35 | 2 | 35 | 0 | 3 |
| non-residential | 1 | 7 | 41 | 7 | 41 | 0 | 14 |
| not reported | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
FEMA's occupancy groups have no institutional class; institutional properties are counted in non-residential or other residential in the table by occupancy group.
FMA RL and FMA SRL are the Flood Mitigation Assistance definitions (44 CFR 77.2), the ones the FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Policy Guide cites. NFIP repetitive loss (the FEMA insurance definition) is 2 or more claims over $1,000 in 10 years, and a property can leave that group once it is mitigated. Also shown: NFIP severe repetitive loss, any category, mitigated and currently insured. The Methods page gives the OpenFEMA field details.
Counts are aggregates of FEMA's public NFIP Multiple Loss Properties file (FEMA's data date 2026-08-02; file version 2026-08-04). No property is identified. County assignment is FEMA's geocode.
In this county 1 property is FMA repetitive loss but not NFIP repetitive loss, and 387 properties are NFIP repetitive loss but not FMA repetitive loss.
Exact counts; no count suppression.
Sources
Tables cite these sources by number. The full list, for the plan's bibliography (FEMA review item A4-a):
- FEMA, OpenFEMA HazardMitigationPlanStatuses v1, version 2026-09-29T134039Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/HazardMitigationPlanStatuses (API)
- FEMA, OpenFEMA DisasterDeclarationsSummaries v2, version 2026-09-29T162832Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v2/DisasterDeclarationsSummaries (API)
- FEMA, OpenFEMA PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries v1, version 2026-09-29T150754Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries (API)
- FEMA, OpenFEMA NfipMultipleLossProperties v1, version 2026-08-04T164045Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/NfipMultipleLossProperties (API)
- FEMA, FEMA National Risk Index 1.20.0 (December 2025), county and census tract tables, version 1.20.0, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_Counties.zip (download, 25 MB), https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_CensusTracts.zip (download, 635 MB)
- NOAA NCEI, NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, details files (csvfiles v1.0), version c20260918, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/swdi/stormevents/csvfiles/
- NOAA National Weather Service, NWS county-public forecast zones correlation file, version bp03mr20 to bp16ap26 (11 files; newest bp16ap26), pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.weather.gov/gis/ZoneCounty
- U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2024 Gazetteer, 2020 place by county, CT county-to-cousub crosswalk, version 2024-gazetteer, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_counties_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_cousubs_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_place_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_unsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_elsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_scsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/reference/codes2020/national_place_by_county2020.txt, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/reference/ct_change/ct_cou_to_cousub_crosswalk.xlsx (used to match place names and codes; no table prints its values)
What this packet is and what the plan adds
This packet is the federal data for the plan's risk assessment (the summary on page 1 says how it is organized); the plan and FEMA's review decide whether each item is met.
The plan adds what only the community has: local data on assets, critical facilities, development and each jurisdiction's impacts; local hazard history, including state-declared emergencies; the mitigation strategy; and adoption.
How the federal data are built: National Risk Index values are FEMA's model, not counts of events. Storm Events is more complete from 1996; zone-level records are placed by forecast zone, not by location in the county. Public Assistance for a jurisdiction is matched by applicant name. The Methods page gives every rule and the known edge cases.
OpenFEMA disclaimer
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
Reuse, citation and corrections
Reuse and citation: Hazard Plain text and tables are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); credit Hazard Plain and the release. The underlying federal data are public domain; OpenFEMA data are also subject to the OpenFEMA terms and conditions.
Cite this: Hazard Plain (2026). Middlesex County, MA: risk-assessment baseline packet, release 2026-10 (data as of 2026-09-30; County FIPS 25017). Automated baseline. https://hazardplain.org/ma/25017/ Built from FEMA OpenFEMA, the FEMA National Risk Index and NOAA NCEI Storm Events; source versions in the packet's Sources list.
Corrections: to report an error, name the packet, the table and what your records show. Contact: contact@hazardplain.org