Summary
Plan status as of 2026-09-30: No county-level plan row in FEMA data.
Highest expected annual loss (FEMA National Risk Index, modeled total; see B1-a): Inland Flooding ($124,633,913 a year), Coastal Flooding ($19,226,111) and Hurricane ($15,008,294).
The tables that follow are organized by the items of FEMA's Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool, Element B (B1-a to B2-c); each heading says which item its tables support.
Plan clock
No county-level plan row in FEMA data
What changed since your last plan
Not available. No county-level plan row in FEMA data, so there is no approval date to count from.
Sources: 1, 2, 4, 6 (numbered list at the end)
Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county: 34 rows, in the section "Plan clock: Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county" on the following pages.
State plan status and tribal plans in this state: see the state page.
Plan clock
Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county
Source: 1
| Jurisdiction | Type | Status | Plan | Approved | Expires | Days to expirynegative = days since expiry | Update underway | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amesbury Town city | City | Approved, expires 2030-02-02 | Merrimack Valley Region Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 110138) | 2025-02-03 | 2030-02-02 | 1,221 | ||
| Beverly city | City | No approved plan on record. Approvable pending adoption, not yet eligible | none | none | none | FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption | Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan. | |
| Gloucester city | City | Expired on 2025-06-07 | City of Gloucester Hazard Mitigation Plan 2020 Update (FEMA plan 106396) | 2020-06-08 | 2025-06-07 | -480 | ||
| Haverhill city | City | Approved, expires 2030-02-02 | Merrimack Valley Region Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 110138) | 2025-02-03 | 2030-02-02 | 1,221 | ||
| Lawrence city | City | Approved, expires 2030-02-02 | Merrimack Valley Region Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 110138) | 2025-02-03 | 2030-02-02 | 1,221 | ||
| Lynn city | City | Approved, expires 2028-02-15 | City of Lynn Hazard Mitigation Plan 2021 Update (FEMA plan 108235) | 2023-02-16 | 2028-02-15 | 503 | ||
| Methuen Town city | City | Approved, expires 2030-02-02 | Merrimack Valley Region Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 110138) | 2025-02-03 | 2030-02-02 | 1,221 | ||
| Newburyport city | City | Approved, expires 2028-03-14 | Newburyport Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan June 2022 (FEMA plan 108410) | 2023-03-15 | 2028-03-14 | 531 | ||
| Peabody city | City | Approved, expires 2031-09-16 | 2025 City of Peabody, MA Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 111761) | 2026-09-17 | 2031-09-16 | 1,812 | ||
| Salem city | City | Expired on 2025-12-08 | City of Salem Hazard Mitigation Plan 2020 Update (FEMA plan 106727) | 2020-12-09 | 2025-12-08 | -296 | FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption | Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan. |
| Andover town | Town | No approved plan on record. Approvable pending adoption, not yet eligible | none | none | none | FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption | Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan. | |
| Boxford town | Town | Approved, expires 2030-02-02 | Merrimack Valley Region Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 110138) | 2025-02-03 | 2030-02-02 | 1,221 | ||
| Danvers town | Town | Approved, expires 2031-01-19 | Town of Danvers Hazard Mitigation Plan Update (FEMA plan 111033) | 2026-01-20 | 2031-01-19 | 1,572 | ||
| Essex town | Town | Approved, expires 2030-12-04 | Town of Essex Hazard Mitigation Plan 2025 Update (FEMA plan 110905) | 2025-12-05 | 2030-12-04 | 1,526 | ||
| Georgetown town | Town | Approved, expires 2031-09-16 | Georgetown Hazard Mitigation Plan Update (FEMA plan 111328) | 2026-09-17 | 2031-09-16 | 1,812 | ||
| Groveland town | Town | Approved, expires 2030-02-02 | Merrimack Valley Region Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 110138) | 2025-02-03 | 2030-02-02 | 1,221 | ||
| Hamilton town | Town | Approved, expires 2031-03-31 | Town of Hamilton, MA Hazard Mitigation Plan Update (FEMA plan 111031) | 2026-04-01 | 2031-03-31 | 1,643 | ||
| Ipswich town | Town | Approved, expires 2031-03-31 | Town of Ipswich Hazard Mitigation Plan 2025 Update (FEMA plan 111286) | 2026-04-01 | 2031-03-31 | 1,643 | ||
| Lynnfield town | Town | Approved, expires 2031-06-17 | Town of Lynnfield Draft Hazard Mitigation Plan 2026Update (FEMA plan 111658) | 2026-06-18 | 2031-06-17 | 1,721 | ||
| Manchester-by-the-Sea town | Town | Expired on 2023-06-07 | Hazard Mitigation Plan Draft October 2017 Manchester-by-the-Sea (FEMA plan 104955) | 2018-06-08 | 2023-06-07 | -1,211 | ||
| Marblehead town | Town | Approved, expires 2029-04-29 | Town of Marblehead, MA Hazard Mitigation Plan Update (FEMA plan 109608) | 2024-04-30 | 2029-04-29 | 942 | ||
| Merrimac town | Town | Approved, expires 2027-02-21 | Town of Merrimac Multi‐Hazard Mitigation Plan August 2021 (FEMA plan 107753) | 2022-02-22 | 2027-02-21 | 144 | ||
| Middleton town | Town | Expired on 2026-06-28 | Town of Middleton 2020 Hazard Mitigation Plan - Municipal Vulnerability Preparedness Plan (FEMA plan 106892) | 2021-06-29 | 2026-06-28 | -94 | ||
| Nahant town | Town | Approved, expires 2027-02-27 | Town of Nahant Hazard Mitigation Plan 2021 Update (FEMA plan 108008) | 2022-02-28 | 2027-02-27 | 150 | ||
| Newbury town | Town | Approved, expires 2030-02-02 | Merrimack Valley Region Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 110138) | 2025-02-03 | 2030-02-02 | 1,221 | ||
| North Andover town | Town | Expired on 2026-09-21 | North Andover Multi-Hazard Mitigation and Municipal Vulnerability Plan (FEMA plan 107634) | 2021-09-22 | 2026-09-21 | -9 | ||
| Rockport town | Town | Expired on 2026-03-30 | Hazard Mitigation Plan Rockport, Massachusetts (FEMA plan 107047) | 2021-03-31 | 2026-03-30 | -184 | ||
| Rowley town | Town | Approved, expires 2030-02-02 | Merrimack Valley Region Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 110138) | 2025-02-03 | 2030-02-02 | 1,221 | ||
| Salisbury town | Town | Approved, expires 2030-02-02 | Merrimack Valley Region Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 110138) | 2025-02-03 | 2030-02-02 | 1,221 | ||
| Saugus town | Town | Approved, expires 2026-10-06 | Town of Saugus Hazard Mitigation Plan 2021 Update (FEMA plan 107752) | 2021-10-07 | 2026-10-06 | 6 | ||
| Swampscott town | Town | Expired on 2021-08-01 | Town of Swampscott Hazard Mitigation Plan 2013 Update (FEMA plan 12288) | 2016-08-01 | 2021-08-01 | -1,886 | FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption | Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan. |
| Topsfield town | Town | Approved, expires 2026-11-28 | Town of Topsfield Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 107754) | 2021-11-29 | 2026-11-28 | 59 | ||
| Wenham town | Town | Expired on 2024-08-26 | Town of Wenham Hazard Mitigation Plan and Municipal Vulnerability Preparedness Plan 2019 (FEMA plan 105880) | 2019-08-27 | 2024-08-26 | -765 | ||
| West Newbury town | Town | Approved, expires 2030-02-02 | Merrimack Valley Region Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 110138) | 2025-02-03 | 2030-02-02 | 1,221 |
Supports FEMA checklist item B1-a: hazard identification
Hazards NRI does not cover (local data needed)
- dam failure (incl. upstream dams)
- levee failure
- flash flood as its own subtype
- ice jams
- debris flows
- erosion (riverine and coastal)
- land subsidence and sinkholes
- expansive soils
The 18 National Risk Index hazards, ranked by expected annual loss (EAL)
Sources: 5, 6
| Rank by EAL | Hazard | NRI risk rating | EAL rating | EAL buildingsmodeled dollars per year | EAL agriculturemodeled dollars per year | Cost of expected deaths and injuriesFEMA's dollar value per year, not property damage | EAL total (see note)modeled dollars per year | Storm Events records, 1996 to 2026-06-30count | Storm Events coverage note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Inland Flooding | Relatively High | Relatively High | $123,504,644 | $27,597 | $1,101,672 | $124,633,913 | 145 | |
| 2 | Coastal Flooding | Very High | Very High | $19,202,600 | n/a | $23,505 | $19,226,111 | 51 | |
| 3 | Hurricane | Relatively High | Relatively High | $14,249,379 | $303,061 | $455,854 | $15,008,294 | 3 | |
| 4 | Earthquake | Relatively Moderate | Relatively Moderate | $11,769,040 | n/a | $2,896,733 | $14,665,774 | Storm Events does not record earthquakes. | |
| 5 | Tornado | Relatively High | Relatively High | $4,053,018 | $363 | $5,238,098 | $9,291,479 | 0 | No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30). |
| 6 | Cold Wave | Relatively Moderate | Relatively Moderate | $2,463 | $4,930 | $3,768,382 | $3,775,775 | 3 | |
| 7 | Heat Wave | Relatively Moderate | Relatively Moderate | $4 | $5,212 | $3,705,885 | $3,711,101 | 5 | |
| 8 | Ice Storm | Very High | Very High | $2,391,005 | n/a | $195,757 | $2,586,762 | 1 | |
| 9 | Strong Wind | Relatively High | Relatively High | $694,191 | $1 | $1,296,081 | $1,990,273 | 473 | Includes 73 High Wind and 115 Strong Wind records (NOAA non-thunderstorm wind types, outside NRI's Strong Wind definition). |
| 10 | Lightning | Relatively High | Relatively High | $96,085 | n/a | $1,869,620 | $1,965,705 | 49 | |
| 11 | Drought | Relatively Moderate | Relatively High | n/a | $1,752,533 | n/a | $1,752,533 | 9 | |
| 12 | Wildfire | Very Low | Very Low | $74,537 | $11 | $8,570 | $83,117 | 0 | Declared 1 time; no Storm Events record of this type. |
| 13 | Winter Weather | Relatively Low | Relatively Low | $42,069 | $9 | $16,916 | $58,993 | 155 | |
| 14 | Hail | Very Low | Very Low | $37,881 | $139 | $14,797 | $52,817 | 79 | |
| 15 | Landslide | Relatively Low | Very Low | $2,400 | n/a | $985 | $3,385 | 2 | |
| Tsunami | Insufficient Data | Insufficient Data | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 0 | No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30). |
Total = buildings + agriculture + population equivalence; FEMA values each expected death (or 10 injuries) at $13.7 million (2024 dollars).
NRI risk rating combines expected annual loss with social vulnerability and community resilience; EAL rating rates expected annual loss alone. Both compare this county with all U.S. counties.
Local data needed: state and local wildfire and tsunami records (Storm Events records these hazards only in part).
Not applicable to this county per NRI, with no federal declaration and no Storm Events record since 1996: avalanche and volcanic activity. That is the evidence for leaving them out of the plan.
The state hazard mitigation plan also lists hazards for this county; FEMA asks the plan to explain any hazard it leaves out.
Supports FEMA checklist item B1-b: hazard location
Affects the whole county (national data give no location within it): Cold Wave, Drought, Hail, Heat Wave, Ice Storm, Lightning, Strong Wind and Winter Weather.
Coastal Flooding and Inland Flooding: The FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) is the required location source for flooding. See the FEMA Flood Map Service Center (https://msc.fema.gov) for this county.
Hazards that vary within the county: highest-rated census tracts
Source: 5
| Hazard | Highest-rated census tractsNRI risk rating, score 0 to 100 |
|---|---|
| Earthquake | tract 2501 (Relatively Moderate, 85.1); tract 2516 (Relatively Moderate, 84.3); tract 2114.01 (Relatively Moderate, 84.1) |
| Hurricane | tract 2047.01 (Relatively Moderate, 85.6); tract 2544.02 (Relatively Moderate, 84.1); tract 2114.01 (Relatively Moderate, 82.9) |
| Landslide | tract 2131 (Relatively Low, 84.7); tract 2219.02 (Relatively Low, 83.6); tract 2181 (Relatively Low, 82.7) |
| Tornado | tract 2544.02 (Relatively Moderate, 66.1); tract 2515 (Relatively Moderate, 63.1); tract 2516 (Relatively Moderate, 61.6) |
| Tsunami | no tract has a National Risk Index rating for this hazard |
| Wildfire | tract 2141 (Relatively Low, 79.2); tract 2131 (Relatively Low, 78.0); tract 2691 (Relatively Low, 77.1) |
Up to 3 census tracts per hazard, highest National Risk Index rating first, then highest score; a tract number is the Census tract number (for example 2501 is Census Tract 2501). FEMA's Resilience Analysis and Planning Tool maps the National Risk Index for every tract: https://www.fema.gov/emergency-managers/practitioners/resilience-analysis-and-planning-tool
Supports FEMA checklist item B1-c: hazard extent
Extent: scale, observed range and worst recorded event per hazard
Sources: 6, 7
| Hazard | Scale | Recordscount and years | Observed range | Worst recorded event | Most damaging (when different) | How it applies to jurisdictions | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coastal Flood, Storm Surge/Tide | none in data (flood depth: FIRM) | 51 records, 2002 to 2025 (50 zone-level) | Coastal Flood, 2013-02-09, $5,800,000 property; $0 crops (2013 dollars); NWS zone MAZ007 | Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Salisbury town (1 record). Zone-level records (50) apply countywide. | Flood depth: see the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map. | ||
| Cold/Wind Chill, Extreme Cold/Wind Chill | wind chill | 3 records, 2015 to 2016 (3 zone-level) | 2 days; 2 with a recorded value | 2 consecutive days, 2016-02-13 to 2016-02-14, zone-level | Countywide (zone-level records). | ||
| Frost/Freeze (outside NRI's Cold Wave definition) | crop damage | 0 | |||||
| Drought | U.S. Drought Monitor scale (D0 to D4) | 9 records, 2012 to 2017 (9 zone-level) | 20 days to 204 days (median 112 days); 2 with a recorded value | 204 days (about 6.7 months), 2016-07-05 to 2017-01-24, a run of 7 consecutive Storm Events drought records, zone-level | Countywide (zone-level records). | Storm Events enters a drought at D2 or worse east of the Rockies and D3 or worse from the Rockies west (NWS Instruction 10-1605); NRI drought counts D3 and D4 only. | |
| Earthquake | Modified Mercalli (local data) | 0 | Storm Events does not record earthquakes; the USGS earthquake catalog is the source. | ||||
| Hail | hail size (inches) | 98 records, 1957 to 2023 | 0.75 in to 3.5 in (median 1 in); 97 with a recorded value | 3.5 in hail, 1965-08-28 | Hail, 2006-07-11, $150,000 property; crops not reported (2006 dollars) | Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Peabody city (10 records), Lynn city (9 records), Haverhill city (6 records), Newburyport city (4 records), Salisbury town (4 records), Beverly city (3 records), Georgetown town (3 records), Ipswich town (3 records), Middleton town (3 records), Salem city (3 records); and 10 more jurisdictions (see the Excel file). | |
| Excessive Heat, Heat | heat index (in event narratives) | 5 records, 2010 to 2018 (5 zone-level) | 1 day to 2 days (median 1 day); 4 with a recorded value | 2 consecutive days, 2010-07-06 to 2010-07-07, zone-level | Countywide (zone-level records). | ||
| Hurricane, Tropical Storm, Tropical Depression | Saffir-Simpson | 3 records, 2011 to 2020 (3 zone-level) | Strongest recorded: Tropical Storm record, 2011-08-28, $1,600,000 property; $0 crops (2011 dollars); NWS zone MAZ007 | Countywide (zone-level records). | Storm Events files every zone of a storm's episode under the storm's type; flooding from the storm is filed as Flood or Flash Flood records. | ||
| Ice Storm | Sperry-Piltz ice scale (local data) | 1 record, 2008 (1 zone-level) | Ice Storm, 2008-12-11, $2,000,000 property; $0 crops (2008 dollars); NWS zone MAZ006 | Countywide (zone-level records). | |||
| Flash Flood, Flood, Lakeshore Flood | damage and flood days (flood depth: FIRM) | 145 records, 1996 to 2025 (8 zone-level) | Flash Flood, 2001-03-22, $10,000,000 property; crops not reported (2001 dollars) | Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Lynn city (9 records), Lawrence city (8 records), Peabody city (8 records), Beverly city (4 records), Newbury town (4 records), Andover town (3 records), Ipswich town (3 records), Lynnfield town (3 records), North Andover town (3 records), Salem city (3 records); and 9 more jurisdictions (see the Excel file). Zone-level records (8) apply countywide. | Flood depth: see the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map. Storm Events damage is often $0 or blank for floods, major ones included; FEMA Public Assistance by declaration (B1-d) shows which floods cost the most. | ||
| Debris Flow | none (count and damage only) | 2 records, 2010 to 2014 (1 zone-level) | Debris Flow, 2014-12-09, $50,000 property; $0 crops (2014 dollars) | Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Topsfield town (1 record). Zone-level records (1) apply countywide. | |||
| Lightning | annualized frequency (the measure FEMA's Local Mitigation Planning Handbook names) | 49 records, 1997 to 2023 | Lightning, 2014-09-06, $0 property; $0 crops (2014 dollars), 2 direct deaths | Lightning, 2004-05-24, $200,000 property; crops not reported (2004 dollars) | Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Haverhill city (4 records), Marblehead town (4 records), Andover town (3 records), Ipswich town (3 records), Gloucester city (2 records), Lynn city (2 records), Merrimac town (2 records), Peabody city (2 records), Danvers town (1 record), Georgetown town (1 record); and 5 more jurisdictions (see the Excel file). | Storm Events lists lightning with damage or casualties. | |
| High Wind and Strong Wind (outside NRI's Strong Wind definition) | wind speed (kt and mph) | 188 records, 1996 to 2025 (188 zone-level) | 28 kt (32 mph) to 69 kt (79 mph) (median 46 kt (53 mph)); 140 with a recorded value | 69 kt (79 mph) measured gust, High Wind, 2019-10-17; NWS zone MAZ007 | High Wind, 2006-02-17, $500,000 property; crops not reported (zone total, 2006 dollars) | Countywide (zone-level records). | |
| Thunderstorm Wind | wind speed (kt and mph) | 346 records, 1956 to 2025 | 39 kt (45 mph) to 100 kt (115 mph) (median 50 kt (58 mph)); 306 with a recorded value | 100 kt (115 mph), measurement type not recorded, Thunderstorm Wind, 1962-06-11 | Thunderstorm Wind, 1994-08-13, $5,000,000 property; crops not recorded (1994 dollars) | Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Lynn city (17 records), Peabody city (13 records), Haverhill city (11 records), Marblehead town (9 records), Newbury town (9 records), Ipswich town (8 records), Newburyport city (8 records), Topsfield town (8 records), Beverly city (7 records), Merrimac town (7 records); and 20 more jurisdictions (see the Excel file). | |
| Tornado | Enhanced Fujita (Fujita before Feb 2007) | 12 records, 1951 to 1991 | F/EF0 to F/EF2 (median F/EF1); 12 with a recorded value | F2 tornado, 1956-11-21, 0.8 mi path length (whole path, pre-1996), 17 yd wide, $25,000 property; crops not recorded (1956 dollars) | Tornado, 1968-07-01, $250,000 property; crops not recorded (1968 dollars) | No event record names a jurisdiction in the plan. | Before 1996 a tornado is listed once, under the county where it began, with its whole path's rating and length; from 1996 on, each county lists its own segment. Length is not used to rank tornadoes (see Methods). |
| Tsunami | none (count and damage only) | 0 | |||||
| Wildfire | acres burned (local data) | 0 | |||||
| Winter Storm, Heavy Snow, Blizzard, Lake-Effect Snow, Winter Weather, Sleet | none in data (snowfall: local data) | 155 records, 1996 to 2026 (155 zone-level) | Heavy Snow, 1997-04-01, $2,500,000 property; crops not reported (1997 dollars); NWS zone MAZ006 | Countywide (zone-level records). |
Where a hazard names more than 10 jurisdictions, the table lists the 10 with the most records; every one is in the Excel file, sheet "B1-c Extent".
In event narratives only (local data needed): wind chill, temperature, heat index, ice thickness, acres burned and snow depth; any physical measure of debris flow, lightning and tsunami.
Storm Events records are more complete after 1996; before 1996 only Tornado (from 1950), Hail and Thunderstorm Wind (from 1955) exist. Zone-level records from zones that no NWS zone-county file places in this county (mostly before 2020) are not counted here (the Methods page explains the zone matching).
Dollars are nominal (as reported), labeled with the year; not adjusted for inflation.
Supports FEMA checklist item B1-d: previous occurrences
Federal declarations for this county: 40 declarations covering 31 separate hazard incidents counted in this packet (declarations for the same incident count once; non-natural and evacuation-only declarations are not counted).
No county-level plan row in FEMA data, so there is no approval date to count from.
Federal disaster declarations for this county
Sources: 1, 2, 3
| Declared | Incident began | FEMA number | Type | Title | Mapped hazard | County Public Assistancefederal share obligated, nominal dollars | Flags | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-09-15 | 2023-09-15 | EM-3599-MA | Emergency | Hurricane Lee | Hurricane | no Public Assistance recorded | within last 5 years | |
| 2020-03-27 | 2020-01-20 | DR-4496-MA | Major disaster | COVID-19 Pandemic | Non-natural, not counted | $64,585,288.24 | ||
| 2020-03-13 | 2020-01-20 | EM-3438-MA | Emergency | COVID-19 | Non-natural, not counted | no Public Assistance recorded | same incident as DR-4496 | |
| 2018-07-19 | 2018-03-13 | DR-4379-MA | Major disaster | Severe Winter Storm and Snowstorm | Winter Weather | $4,382,888.92 | ||
| 2018-06-25 | 2018-03-02 | DR-4372-MA | Major disaster | Severe Winter Storm and Flooding | Inland Flooding; Winter Weather | $10,612,002.12 | ||
| 2015-04-13 | 2015-01-26 | DR-4214-MA | Major disaster | Severe Winter Storm, Snowstorm, and Flooding | Inland Flooding; Winter Weather | $7,985,271.59 | ||
| 2013-04-19 | 2013-02-08 | DR-4110-MA | Major disaster | Severe Winter Storm, Snowstorm, and Flooding | Inland Flooding; Winter Weather | $12,748,048.36 | ||
| 2012-10-28 | 2012-10-27 | EM-3350-MA | Emergency | Hurricane Sandy | Hurricane | no Public Assistance recorded | ||
| 2011-11-01 | 2011-10-29 | EM-3343-MA | Emergency | Severe Storm | Hazard not mapped (severe storm title names no single hazard); not counted | no Public Assistance recorded | ||
| 2011-08-26 | 2011-08-26 | EM-3330-MA | Emergency | Hurricane Irene | Hurricane | $374,351.47 | ||
| 2011-03-07 | 2011-01-11 | DR-1959-MA | Major disaster | Severe Winter Storm and Snowstorm | Winter Weather | $3,477,530.44 | ||
| 2010-09-02 | 2010-09-01 | EM-3315-MA | Emergency | Hurricane Earl | Hurricane | $22,040.92 | ||
| 2010-05-03 | 2010-05-01 | EM-3312-MA | Emergency | Water Main Break | Non-natural, not counted | no Public Assistance recorded | ||
| 2010-03-29 | 2010-03-12 | DR-1895-MA | Major disaster | Severe Storms and Flooding | Inland Flooding | $2,727,538.83 | ||
| 2009-01-05 | 2008-12-11 | DR-1813-MA | Major disaster | Severe Winter Storm and Flooding | Ice Storm | $1,446,069.08 | ||
| 2008-12-13 | 2008-12-11 | EM-3296-MA | Emergency | Severe Winter Storm | Winter Weather | no Public Assistance recorded | same incident as DR-1813 | |
| 2007-05-16 | 2007-04-15 | DR-1701-MA | Major disaster | Severe Storms and Inland and Coastal Flooding | Coastal Flooding | $1,478,832.80 | ||
| 2006-05-25 | 2006-05-12 | DR-1642-MA | Major disaster | Severe Storms and Flooding | Inland Flooding | $13,982,572.53 | ||
| 2005-11-10 | 2005-10-07 | DR-1614-MA | Major disaster | Severe Storms and Flooding | Inland Flooding: designated for Hazard Mitigation only (no Public or Individual Assistance for this county); not counted | PA not declared for this county | ||
| 2005-09-13 | 2005-08-29 | EM-3252-MA | Emergency | Hurricane Katrina Evacuation | Hurricane: evacuation support, not a local hazard event; not counted | no Public Assistance recorded | ||
| 2005-02-17 | 2005-01-22 | EM-3201-MA | Emergency | Record and/or Near Record Snow | Winter Weather | $4,231,028.12 | ||
| 2004-04-21 | 2004-04-01 | DR-1512-MA | Major disaster | Flooding | Inland Flooding | PA not declared for this county | ||
| 2004-01-15 | 2003-12-06 | EM-3191-MA | Emergency | Snow | Winter Weather | $3,238,171.92 | ||
| 2003-03-11 | 2003-02-17 | EM-3175-MA | Emergency | Snow | Winter Weather | $2,104,703.93 | ||
| 2001-04-10 | 2001-03-05 | DR-1364-MA | Major disaster | Severe Storms and Flooding | Inland Flooding | PA not declared for this county | ||
| 2001-03-28 | 2001-03-05 | EM-3165-MA | Emergency | Snow | Winter Weather | $2,812,649.90 | ||
| 1998-06-23 | 1998-06-13 | DR-1224-MA | Major disaster | Heavy Rains and Flooding | Inland Flooding | PA not declared for this county | ||
| 1996-10-25 | 1996-10-20 | DR-1142-MA | Major disaster | Extreme Weather Conditons and Flooding | Inland Flooding | no Public Assistance recorded | ||
| 1996-10-23 | 1996-10-20 | EM-3119-MA | Emergency | Extreme Weather Conditions and Flooding | Inland Flooding | no Public Assistance recorded | same incident as DR-1142 | |
| 1996-01-24 | 1996-01-07 | DR-1090-MA | Major disaster | Blizzard of 96 | Winter Weather | no Public Assistance recorded | ||
| 1993-03-16 | 1993-03-13 | EM-3103-MA | Emergency | Blizzards, High Winds & Record Snowfall | Winter Weather | no Public Assistance recorded | ||
| 1992-12-21 | 1992-12-11 | DR-975-MA | Major disaster | Winter Coastal Storm | Coastal Flooding | no Public Assistance recorded | ||
| 1991-11-04 | 1991-10-30 | DR-920-MA | Major disaster | Coastal Storm | Coastal Flooding | no Public Assistance recorded | ||
| 1991-08-26 | 1991-08-19 | DR-914-MA | Major disaster | Hurricane Bob | Hurricane | no Public Assistance recorded | ||
| 1987-04-18 | 1987-03-30 | DR-790-MA | Major disaster | Severe Storms & Flooding | Inland Flooding | no Public Assistance recorded | ||
| 1985-10-28 | 1985-09-27 | DR-751-MA | Major disaster | Hurricane Gloria | Hurricane | no Public Assistance recorded | ||
| 1981-12-03 | 1981-12-03 | DR-650-MA | Major disaster | Urban Fire | Wildfire | no Public Assistance recorded | ||
| 1978-02-10 | 1978-02-06 | DR-546-MA | Major disaster | Coastal Storms, Flood, Ice & Snow | Coastal Flooding | no Public Assistance recorded | ||
| 1972-09-28 | 1972-09-28 | DR-357-MA | Major disaster | Toxic Algae in Coastal Waters | Fishing Losses: economic loss, not a physical hazard event; non-natural, not counted | PA not declared for this county | ||
| 1972-03-06 | 1972-03-06 | DR-325-MA | Major disaster | Severe Storms & Flooding | Inland Flooding | no Public Assistance recorded |
County Public Assistance: applicants the FEMA record places in this county, including any state agencies FEMA files there; statewide rows are listed on the state page; federal share obligated, nominal dollars.
Statewide declarations
Source: 2
| Declared | Incident began | FEMA number | Type | Title | Mapped hazard |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1955-08-20 | 1955-08-20 | DR-43-MA | Major disaster | Hurricane & Floods | Hurricane (primary); also designated: Inland Flooding |
| 1954-09-02 | 1954-09-02 | DR-22-MA | Major disaster | Hurricanes | Hurricane (primary); also designated: Inland Flooding |
| 1953-06-11 | 1953-06-11 | DR-7-MA | Major disaster | Tornado | Tornado |
FEMA recorded these with designated area Statewide and no county, so they are listed on every county page in the state and not counted with county rows. Local data needed: whether each one affected this county.
1 Fire Management declaration (1995-09-12 to 1995-09-12) FEMA filed as Statewide with no county; each names one local fire. Listed on the state page.
Public Assistance filed under this county for declarations that do not list it: 1 row, $5,323.31
Sources: 2, 3
| FEMA number | Declared | Title | Applicant | PA obligatedfederal share obligated, nominal dollars |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DR-4051-MA | 2012-01-06 | Severe Storm and Snowstorm | Bridgewell, Inc. | $5,323.31 |
FEMA's Public Assistance summaries file these applicants under this county, but FEMA's declaration rows for these disasters do not designate it (an electric cooperative or district serving several counties, for example). Not in any declaration row above and not counted.
Previous occurrences by hazard, with explicit no-event rows
Sources: 2, 6, 7
| Hazard | Storm Events records, all years on file(years in the Period column) | Since plan approvalrecords | In the 12 months before plan approvalrecords | Last 5 yearsrecords | Declared incidents, all yearsseparate disasters | Declared since approvalseparate disasters | Period | Statement |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coastal Flooding | 51 | 7 | 4 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | ||||
| Cold Wave | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | ||||
| Drought | 9 | 0 | 0 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | ||||
| Earthquake | 0 | 0 | 0 | Storm Events does not record earthquakes; the USGS earthquake catalog is the source. | ||||
| Hail | 98 | 1 | 0 | 1955 to 2026-06-30 | ||||
| Heat Wave | 5 | 0 | 0 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | ||||
| Hurricane | 3 | 0 | 6 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | ||||
| Ice Storm | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | ||||
| Inland Flooding | 145 | 16 | 11 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | ||||
| Landslide | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | ||||
| Lightning | 49 | 3 | 0 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | ||||
| Strong Wind | 534 | 39 | 0 | 1955 to 2026-06-30 | Includes 73 High Wind and 115 Strong Wind records. | |||
| Tornado | 12 | 0 | 0 | 1950 to 2026-06-30 | ||||
| Tsunami | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events | |||
| Wildfire | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 | No Storm Events records of this type; 1 federal declared incident (see declarations table) | |||
| Winter Weather | 155 | 15 | 12 | 1996 to 2026-06-30 |
Notable Storm Events records
Sources: 1, 6, 7
| Date | Event type | Magnitude or extent | Damagenominal dollars | Deaths, injuriesdirect only | Location | Why listed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2019-10-17 | High Wind | 69 kt (79 mph) measured gust | $0 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2019 dollars) | 0, 0 | NWS zone MAZ007 (EASTERN ESSEX), zone-level | B1-c worst recorded: High Wind and Strong Wind |
| 2016-02-13 | Extreme Cold/Wind Chill | $0 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2016 dollars) | 0, 0 | NWS zone MAZ007 (EASTERN ESSEX), zone-level | B1-c worst recorded: Cold/Wind Chill, Extreme Cold/Wind Chill | |
| 2014-09-06 | Lightning | $0 property; $0 crops (2014 dollars) | 2, 0 | CONOMO PT | deaths or injuries recorded | |
| 2013-02-09 | Coastal Flood | $5,800,000 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2013 dollars) | 0, 0 | NWS zone MAZ007 (EASTERN ESSEX), zone-level | B1-c worst recorded: Coastal Flood, Storm Surge/Tide | |
| 2011-08-28 | Tropical Storm | $1,600,000 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2011 dollars) | 0, 0 | NWS zone MAZ007 (EASTERN ESSEX), zone-level | B1-c worst recorded: Hurricane, Tropical Storm, Tropical Depression | |
| 2010-07-06 | Heat | $0 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2010 dollars) | 0, 0 | NWS zone MAZ006 (WESTERN ESSEX), zone-level | B1-c worst recorded: Excessive Heat, Heat | |
| 2008-12-11 | Ice Storm | $2,000,000 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2008 dollars) | 0, 0 | NWS zone MAZ006 (WESTERN ESSEX), zone-level | B1-c worst recorded: Ice Storm | |
| 2008-06-20 | Lightning | $0 property; $0 crops (2008 dollars) | 1, 1 | HAVERHILL ARPT | deaths or injuries recorded | |
| 2006-05-13 | Flood | $7,000,000 property; crops not reported (2006 dollars) | 2, 0 | COUNTYWIDE | deaths or injuries recorded | |
| 2001-03-22 | Flash Flood | $10,000,000 property; crops not reported (2001 dollars) | 0, 0 | METHUEN | B1-c worst recorded: Flash Flood, Flood, Lakeshore Flood | |
| 1962-06-11 | Thunderstorm Wind | 100 kt (115 mph), measurement type not recorded | damage not recorded (pre-1996 record) | 0, 0 | location not recorded | B1-c worst recorded: Thunderstorm Wind |
| 1956-11-21 | Tornado | F2, 0.8 mi path length (whole path, pre-1996), 17 yd wide | $25,000 property; crops not recorded (1956 dollars) | 0, 0 | location not recorded | B1-c worst recorded: Tornado |
The full list is in the Excel file, sheet "B1-d Storm Events history" (1,067 rows).
Location is the place NOAA recorded, as written in its data; it need not be a jurisdiction in this plan.
Local data needed: state-declared emergencies, from your state emergency management agency (federal data do not include them).
Tribal and special-area declarations in this state are listed on the state page.
Supports FEMA checklist item B1-e: probability of future events
Probability: FEMA annualized frequency and descriptor per hazard
Sources: 5, 6
| Hazard | FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)unit per row | Unit | In plain terms | Descriptor | Descriptor basis | NRI events or days in its record period (hail, wind and tornado are area-weighted, so can be fractional) | NRI period | Location | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coastal Flooding | 8.13 | events per year at a location (modeled) | about 8.1 per year at a given location in the county | Highly likely | FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) | not shown | modeled | see B1-f | Descriptor from NRI: the rate at a location is 1 or more a year, so the county rate is at least that. |
| Cold Wave | 1.38 | event-days per year | about 1.38 days per year | Possible | Storm Events event-days in 2 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (6.67%) | 16.5 | 2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years) | countywide | |
| Drought | 8.48 | event-days per year | about 8.48 days per year | Likely | Storm Events event-days in 3 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (10%) | 259 | 2000 to 2025 (25.25 years; D3 and D4 only) | countywide | |
| Earthquake | 0.0021 | annual probability at a location | chance a given location in the county has at least minor-damage shaking in a year: 0.21% | not shown | modeled | see B1-f | No descriptor (Storm Events does not record earthquakes). | ||
| Hail | 1.79 | events per year | about 1.79 per year | Highly likely | FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) | 72.1 (modeled) | 1986 to 2023 (38 years) | countywide | |
| Heat Wave | 5.07 | event-days per year | about 5.07 days per year | Likely | Storm Events event-days in 3 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (10%) | 52.2 | 2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years) | countywide | |
| Hurricane | 0.165 | events per year | about 1 in 6 years | Likely | FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) | 60 | 1851 to 2024 (Atlantic) | see B1-f | NRI counts hurricane and tropical storm tracks passing within storm-force wind range; federal declarations are in B1-d. |
| Ice Storm | 1.46 | event-days per year | about 1.46 days per year | Possible | Storm Events event-days in 1 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (3.33%) | 65 | 1946-12-31 to 2014-02-12 (67 years) | countywide | |
| Inland Flooding | 2.68 | event-days per year | about 2.68 days per year | Likely | Storm Events event-days in 24 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (80%) | 75 | 1996 to 2023 (28 years) | see B1-f | |
| Landslide | 0.253 | events per year (modeled) | about 1 in 4 years | Likely | FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) | not shown | modeled | see B1-f | |
| Lightning | 19.4 | days per year with a strike | about 19.4 days per year | Highly likely | FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) | not shown | 1995 to 2023 (29 years; CONUS) | countywide | |
| Strong Wind | 0.749 | events per year | about 0.75 per year | Likely | FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) | 19 | 1986 to 2023 (38 years) | countywide | |
| Tornado | 0.121 | events per year | about 1 in 8 years | Likely | FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) | not shown | 1950 to 2023 (EF2+); 1986 to 2023 (EF0-1) | see B1-f | |
| Tsunami | annual probability at the most exposed location (used in place of a county value) | Storm Events records in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%) | not shown | modeled | see B1-f | No descriptor: no Storm Events record 1996 to 2025 | |||
| Wildfire | 0.0000883 | annual probability at a location | chance a given location in the county burns in a year: 0.00883% | Storm Events records in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%) | not shown | modeled | see B1-f | No descriptor: no Storm Events record 1996 to 2025 | |
| Winter Weather | 15.1 | event-days per year | about 15.1 days per year | Highly likely | Storm Events event-days in 30 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (100%) | 180 | 2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years) | countywide |
FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) is the National Risk Index v1.20 (December 2025) estimate of how often a hazard affects this county in a year; it is not recorded events divided by years, and its unit differs by hazard (events, event-days, or days with a lightning strike per year). For earthquake, wildfire, coastal flooding and tsunami the value is the chance (or number of events) at a location in the county, not across the county, so no "1 in N years" is given and the descriptor comes from Storm Events where it has a record (none for earthquake). The Methods page gives each hazard's method, from FEMA's National Risk Index Technical Documentation v1.20.
Where NRI gives event-days, the descriptor comes from the share of years with a Storm Events record; NRI's source records more events, so the two differ.
Descriptor scale used in this packet (defined per unit)
Sources: 5, 6
| Unit | Descriptor | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| events per year | Highly likely | 1 or more per year |
| events per year | Likely | about once in 1 to 10 years |
| events per year | Possible | about once in 10 to 100 years |
| events per year | Unlikely | less than once in 100 years |
| annual probability | Likely | 10% to under 100% chance in a given year |
| annual probability | Possible | 1% to under 10% chance in a given year |
| annual probability | Unlikely | under 1% chance in a given year |
| event-days (share of years) | Highly likely | event-days recorded in 90% or more of years |
| event-days (share of years) | Likely | event-days recorded in 10% to under 90% of years |
| event-days (share of years) | Possible | event-days recorded in some years but under 10% of years |
| lightning strike-days | Highly likely | cloud-to-ground strikes on 1 or more days per year |
Intensity bands: historical frequency (Storm Events)
Source: 6
| Hazard | Band | Years | Eventscounty-coded records | Years in period | Events per yearevents / years |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hail | 1.00-1.99 in | 1996 to 2025 | 32 | 30 | 1.07 |
| Hail | 2.00 in+ | 1996 to 2025 | 1 | 30 | 0.0333 |
| Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind) | 50-64 kt | 1996 to 2025 | 271 | 30 | 9.03 |
| Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind) | 65 kt+ | 1996 to 2025 | 5 | 30 | 0.167 |
| Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind) | unmeasured or below 50 kt | 1996 to 2025 | 9 | 30 | 0.3 |
| Tornado | EF0-1 | 1996 to 2025 | 0 | 30 | 0 |
| Tornado | EF2-3 | 1996 to 2025 | 0 | 30 | 0 |
| Tornado | EF4-5 | 1996 to 2025 | 0 | 30 | 0 |
| Tornado | unrated (EFU) | 1996 to 2025 | 0 | 30 | 0 |
The bands show how often events of each severity were recorded in this county, to profile how severe events have been (FEMA's probability item asks for the range of intensities).
Hail smaller than 1 inch is not counted: on 2010-01-05 the National Weather Service raised its severe-hail threshold from 3/4 inch to 1 inch, so smaller reports became less common after 2009 (NWS Service Change Notice 09-52). NRI hail frequency uses a 0.75 inch threshold.
Optional: future conditions. Not a required item in the 2025 FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Policy Guide; some states ask for it. The federal Climate Mapping for Resilience and Adaptation (CMRA) site gives county exposure to future climate conditions (https://resilience.climate.gov/).
Supports FEMA checklist item B1-f: hazards that vary across jurisdictions
Range of census tract risk within the county
Source: 5
| Hazard | Tractsrated of all | NRI risk score, 0 to 100 | Tracts by rating | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Min | Median | Max | |||
| Coastal Flooding | 99 of 173 | 70.4 | 90.7 | 99.9 | Very High 6, Relatively High 23, Relatively Moderate 23, Relatively Low 27, Very Low 20, No Rating 74 |
| Cold Wave | 173 of 173 | 20.1 | 30.3 | 52.3 | Relatively Moderate 3, Relatively Low 170 |
| Drought | 23 of 173 | 76.0 | 92.4 | 97.3 | Relatively Moderate 12, Relatively Low 10, Very Low 1, No Rating 150 |
| Earthquake | 173 of 173 | 25.8 | 64.0 | 85.1 | Relatively Moderate 18, Relatively Low 146, Very Low 9 |
| Hail | 173 of 173 | 1.3 | 6.6 | 20.7 | Very Low 173 |
| Heat Wave | 173 of 173 | 5.1 | 26.7 | 61.7 | Relatively Moderate 3, Relatively Low 139, Very Low 31 |
| Hurricane | 173 of 173 | 54.8 | 73.2 | 85.6 | Relatively Moderate 36, Relatively Low 137 |
| Ice Storm | 173 of 173 | 22.4 | 71.7 | 95.8 | Relatively High 8, Relatively Moderate 93, Relatively Low 71, Very Low 1 |
| Inland Flooding | 173 of 173 | 1.8 | 47.2 | 98.7 | Very High 3, Relatively High 20, Relatively Moderate 61, Relatively Low 63, Very Low 26 |
| Landslide | 170 of 173 | 9.6 | 50.2 | 84.7 | Relatively Low 5, Very Low 165, No Rating 3 |
| Lightning | 173 of 173 | 14.5 | 45.6 | 77.8 | Relatively Moderate 63, Relatively Low 108, Very Low 2 |
| Strong Wind | 173 of 173 | 13.8 | 36.2 | 63.3 | Relatively Moderate 11, Relatively Low 158, Very Low 4 |
| Tornado | 173 of 173 | 21.4 | 43.7 | 66.1 | Relatively Moderate 18, Relatively Low 152, Very Low 3 |
| Tsunami | 0 of 173 | Insufficient Data 173 | |||
| Wildfire | 143 of 173 | 18.7 | 36.9 | 79.2 | Relatively Low 16, Very Low 127, No Rating 30 |
| Winter Weather | 173 of 173 | 15.2 | 20.3 | 30.8 | Relatively Low 135, Very Low 38 |
Drought: Agriculture is all of NRI's expected annual loss for this hazard in the county, so the tract range mostly reflects where crop and livestock value is.
Rated tracts only: No Rating (score 0.0), Not Applicable and Insufficient Data tracts are counted but not used for the minimum, median and maximum.
The score ranks a tract against all U.S. tracts (100 = highest). The rating is FEMA's category for the tract's risk value, computed differently, so the two can disagree.
Frequency data for cold wave, drought, hail, heat wave, ice storm, lightning, strong wind and winter weather are county-wide or coarse (49 km grid or NWS zone), the same for every jurisdiction; the tract range mostly reflects where buildings and people are (crop and livestock value where a line above names agriculture).
Each jurisdiction (starting figures from federal data)
Sources: 1, 3, 4, 6
| Jurisdiction | Type | Plan status | Repetitive lossFMA RL and SRL (44 CFR 77.2); repeat-flood, any definition | Public Assistance to this jurisdictionFEMA records matched by applicant name; federal share obligated, nominal dollars | Event records naming this placeall years; since its plan | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amesbury Town city | City | Approved, expires 2030-02-02 | FMA RL 1, SRL 1; any 7 | no Public Assistance recorded | 0 total; 0 since its plan | |
| Beverly city | City | No approved plan on record. Approvable pending adoption, not yet eligible | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 20 | $4,716,418.88 | 14 total; no approved plan | Includes $2,296,028.01 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Gloucester city | City | Expired on 2025-06-07 | FMA RL 0, SRL 10; any 40 | $5,088,970.30 | 7 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $1,146,732.95 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Haverhill city | City | Approved, expires 2030-02-02 | FMA RL 1, SRL 0; any 14 | $4,524,714.82 | 23 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $1,302,571.06 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Lawrence city | City | Approved, expires 2030-02-02 | FMA RL 1, SRL 6; any 28 | $11,193,694.67 | 15 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $8,776,628.73 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Lynn city | City | Approved, expires 2028-02-15 | FMA RL 0, SRL 3; any 44 | $7,683,824.32 | 37 total; 1 since its plan | Includes $1,405,739.28 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Methuen Town city | City | Approved, expires 2030-02-02 | FMA RL 0, SRL 1; any 16 | no Public Assistance recorded | 0 total; 0 since its plan | |
| Newburyport city | City | Approved, expires 2028-03-14 | FMA RL 1, SRL 3; any 29 | $1,970,835.23 | 13 total; 1 since its plan | Includes $591,901.34 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Peabody city | City | Approved, expires 2031-09-16 | FMA RL 0, SRL 17; any 46 | $3,693,165.30 | 33 total; not yet covered | Includes $408,620.26 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Salem city | City | Expired on 2025-12-08 | FMA RL 1, SRL 3; any 22 | $2,156,570.52 | 9 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $387,939.87 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Andover town | Town | No approved plan on record. Approvable pending adoption, not yet eligible | FMA RL 0, SRL 4; any 29 | $3,442,723.89 | 13 total; no approved plan | Includes $283,834.10 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Boxford town | Town | Approved, expires 2030-02-02 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 1 | $850,098.63 | 4 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $8,660.54 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Danvers town | Town | Approved, expires 2031-01-19 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 4 | $2,981,248.48 | 11 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $667,001.14 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Essex town | Town | Approved, expires 2030-12-04 | FMA RL 0, SRL 4; any 10 | $273,877.42 | 1 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $64,791.75 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Georgetown town | Town | Approved, expires 2031-09-16 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 4 | $628,887.97 | 10 total; not yet covered | Includes $70,829.77 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Groveland town | Town | Approved, expires 2030-02-02 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | $508,217.86 | 7 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $8,117.52 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Hamilton town | Town | Approved, expires 2031-03-31 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 2 | $654,953.40 | 4 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $55,490.04 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Ipswich town | Town | Approved, expires 2031-03-31 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 2 | $1,145,554.12 | 17 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $105,173.81 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Lynnfield town | Town | Approved, expires 2031-06-17 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 3 | $1,286,216.48 | 11 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $596,832.07 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Manchester-by-the-Sea town | Town | Expired on 2023-06-07 | FMA RL 0, SRL 1; any 22 | $1,549,611.90 | 0 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $335,220.58 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Marblehead town | Town | Approved, expires 2029-04-29 | FMA RL 0, SRL 6; any 20 | $2,145,548.95 | 15 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $650,577.90 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Merrimac town | Town | Approved, expires 2027-02-21 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | $883,238.47 | 11 total; 1 since its plan | Includes $460,930.71 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Middleton town | Town | Expired on 2026-06-28 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 2 | $696,003.25 | 11 total; 2 since its plan | Includes $106,325.24 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Nahant town | Town | Approved, expires 2027-02-27 | FMA RL 0, SRL 15; any 47 | $3,953,602.57 | 4 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $571,870.40 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Newbury town | Town | Approved, expires 2030-02-02 | FMA RL 1, SRL 1; any 19 | $679,630.31 | 13 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $73,239.43 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| North Andover town | Town | Expired on 2026-09-21 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 5 | $2,350,099.22 | 9 total; 2 since its plan | Includes $128,000.28 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Rockport town | Town | Expired on 2026-03-30 | FMA RL 1, SRL 3; any 24 | $9,353,972.32 | 0 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $323,578.38 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Rowley town | Town | Approved, expires 2030-02-02 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | $2,059,994.19 | 7 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $10,317.65 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Salisbury town | Town | Approved, expires 2030-02-02 | FMA RL 3, SRL 11; any 43 | $906,030.70 | 10 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $234,028.53 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Saugus town | Town | Approved, expires 2026-10-06 | FMA RL 1, SRL 2; any 46 | $2,033,049.05 | 8 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $380,688.29 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Swampscott town | Town | Expired on 2021-08-01 | FMA RL 1, SRL 9; any 49 | $1,761,927.32 | 8 total; 1 since its plan | Includes $487,225.23 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Topsfield town | Town | Approved, expires 2026-11-28 | FMA RL 0, SRL 1; any 6 | $553,718.70 | 12 total; 2 since its plan | Includes $70,969.06 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| Wenham town | Town | Expired on 2024-08-26 | FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0 | $279,001.57 | 4 total; 1 since its plan | Includes $101,326.42 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
| West Newbury town | Town | Approved, expires 2030-02-02 | FMA RL 0, SRL 1; any 1 | $643,589.19 | 1 total; 0 since its plan | Includes $70,257.80 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4496-MA). |
Repetitive-loss counts are for whole NFIP communities, which can extend beyond this county (see the note in B2-c).
County Public Assistance in B1-d also includes applicants filed under the county that are not jurisdictions in this plan (for example state agencies, special districts and nonprofits), so the jurisdiction rows add up to less.
Supports FEMA checklist items B2-a and B2-b: vulnerability and potential impacts
Local data needed
The table below gives county-level starting figures; the plan describes impacts for each jurisdiction and its own assets.
No county-level plan row in FEMA data, so there is no approval date to count from.
- Critical facilities and lifelines per hazard
- A problem statement per jurisdiction per hazard
- Changes in development in hazard-prone areas since the last approval, or a statement of none (E1-a)
- Future assets
County-level starter: exposure, expected annual loss and damage since the plan
Sources: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7
| Hazard | Building exposuremodeled dollars | Agriculture exposuremodeled dollars | Population exposedpeople | EAL buildingsmodeled dollars per year | EAL agriculturemodeled dollars per year | Cost of expected deaths and injuriesFEMA's dollar value per year, not property damage | EAL as % of exposurebuildings; agriculture where noted | Storm Events damage since plancounty-coded records, property plus crops, nominal dollars | Zone-level damage since planproperty plus crops, reported for the zone | Public Assistance since plannominal dollars; see note | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coastal Flooding | $14,355,282,352 | n/a | 55,902 | $19,202,600 | n/a | $23,505 | 0.134% | ||||
| Cold Wave | $168,658,058,888 | $42,315,214 | 808,281 | $2,463 | $4,930 | $3,768,382 | under 0.0001% | ||||
| Drought | n/a | $34,162,469 | n/a | n/a | $1,752,533 | n/a | 5.13% (agriculture) | NRI has no building exposure for this hazard; agriculture shown | |||
| Earthquake | $291,309,905,632 | n/a | 809,829 | $11,769,040 | n/a | $2,896,733 | 0.00404% | ||||
| Hail | $168,879,919,598 | $42,315,214 | 808,897 | $37,881 | $139 | $14,797 | under 0.0001% | ||||
| Heat Wave | $168,680,026,838 | $42,315,214 | 808,346 | $4 | $5,212 | $3,705,885 | under 0.0001% | ||||
| Hurricane | $168,853,718,097 | $42,315,214 | 808,727 | $14,249,379 | $303,061 | $455,854 | 0.00844% | ||||
| Ice Storm | $167,569,838,938 | n/a | 804,526 | $2,391,005 | n/a | $195,757 | 0.00143% | ||||
| Inland Flooding | $168,592,042,717 | $2,981,959 | 38,928 | $123,504,644 | $27,597 | $1,101,672 | n/a (see note) | NRI counts the full building value of any census block with some flood loss; this is not the value of buildings in the floodplain. Use local FIRM overlays for B2-a/B2-b. | |||
| Landslide | $4,685,227,712 | n/a | 21,558 | $2,400 | n/a | $985 | under 0.0001% | ||||
| Lightning | $168,879,919,598 | n/a | 808,897 | $96,085 | n/a | $1,869,620 | under 0.0001% | ||||
| Strong Wind | $168,879,919,598 | $42,315,214 | 808,897 | $694,191 | $1 | $1,296,081 | 0.000411% | ||||
| Tornado | $168,879,919,598 | $42,315,214 | 808,897 | $4,053,018 | $363 | $5,238,098 | 0.0024% | ||||
| Tsunami | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | NRI publishes no building exposure for this county | ||||
| Wildfire | $11,439,112,022 | $11,728,000 | 63,849 | $74,537 | $11 | $8,570 | 0.000652% | ||||
| Winter Weather | $168,683,032,283 | $42,315,214 | 808,369 | $42,069 | $9 | $16,916 | under 0.0001% |
Totals since the plan: not available. No county-level plan row in FEMA data, so there is no approval date to count from.
FEMA does not split Public Assistance by hazard. A declaration mapped to several hazards is listed under each of them with its full amount, so the per-hazard column does not add up to the total; the unit total counts each declaration once.
NRI computes earthquake exposure on its own basis, so it exceeds the county building value in B2-a.
Supports FEMA checklist item B2-a: vulnerability (county context)
County context
Source: 5
| Measure | Value |
|---|---|
| Population | 808,897 |
| Building value (total, not at risk) | $168,879,919,598 |
| Agriculture value (total, not at risk) | $42,315,214 |
| NRI risk rating (all hazards) | Relatively High |
| Expected annual loss, buildings and agriculture, all hazards | $178,213,171 |
| Expected annual loss, population equivalence, all hazards (NRI values each statistical life at $13.7M; a modeled value of expected deaths and injuries, not property damage) | $20,592,856 |
| Social vulnerability rating | Relatively Low |
| Community resilience rating | Very High |
| NRI version | December 2025 |
FEMA's all-hazard expected annual loss adds buildings, agriculture and population equivalence; this table gives the property part and the population-equivalence part as separate rows.
Social vulnerability: higher means people are more likely to be harmed and slower to recover. Community resilience: lower means the community is less able to recover. High social vulnerability and low resilience both raise the NRI risk rating.
Supports FEMA checklist item B2-c: repetitive loss properties
Repetitive loss in this county, both definitions
Sources: 1, 4
| Definition | Properties | Severe repetitive loss | Properties |
|---|---|---|---|
| Repetitive loss, FMA definition (44 CFR 77.2) | 12 | Severe repetitive loss, FMA definition (44 CFR 77.2) | 102 |
| Repetitive loss, NFIP insurance definition | 597 | Severe repetitive loss, NFIP insurance definition | 93 |
The state NFIP coordinator's list, the source FEMA's Handbook names, often uses the NFIP insurance definition (second row).
Repeat-flood properties: county total and NFIP communities
Sources: 1, 4
| Scope | RL, FMAproperties | SRL, FMAproperties | RL, NFIPproperties | SRL, NFIPproperties | Any categoryproperties | Mitigatedproperties | Currently insuredproperties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| County total | 12 | 102 | 597 | 93 | 606 | 5 | 248 |
| of which: Amesbury city | 1 | 1 | 7 | 1 | 7 | 0 | 5 |
| of which: Andover town | 0 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 0 | 17 |
| of which: Beverly city | 0 | 0 | 20 | 0 | 20 | 0 | 8 |
| of which: Boxford town | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| of which: Danvers town | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 2 |
| of which: Essex town | 0 | 4 | 10 | 4 | 10 | 0 | 2 |
| of which: Georgetown town | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 1 |
| of which: Gloucester city | 0 | 10 | 38 | 8 | 40 | 1 | 19 |
| of which: Hamilton town | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| of which: Haverhill city | 1 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 6 |
| of which: Ipswich town | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| of which: Lawrence city | 1 | 6 | 28 | 6 | 28 | 0 | 10 |
| of which: Lynn city | 0 | 3 | 44 | 3 | 44 | 0 | 17 |
| of which: Lynnfield town | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 |
| of which: Manchester-by-the-Sea town | 0 | 1 | 22 | 1 | 22 | 0 | 7 |
| of which: Marblehead town | 0 | 6 | 20 | 6 | 20 | 0 | 4 |
| of which: Methuen city | 0 | 1 | 16 | 1 | 16 | 0 | 7 |
| of which: Middleton town | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 |
| of which: Nahant town | 0 | 15 | 46 | 13 | 47 | 0 | 21 |
| of which: Newbury town | 1 | 1 | 19 | 1 | 19 | 0 | 9 |
| of which: Newburyport city | 1 | 3 | 27 | 2 | 29 | 1 | 9 |
| of which: North Andover town | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 2 |
| of which: Peabody city | 0 | 17 | 46 | 17 | 46 | 0 | 15 |
| of which: Rockport town | 1 | 3 | 24 | 3 | 24 | 0 | 7 |
| of which: Salem city | 1 | 3 | 21 | 3 | 22 | 1 | 12 |
| of which: Salisbury town | 3 | 11 | 41 | 9 | 43 | 2 | 18 |
| of which: Saugus town | 1 | 2 | 46 | 2 | 46 | 0 | 19 |
| of which: Swampscott town | 1 | 9 | 48 | 8 | 49 | 0 | 26 |
| of which: Topsfield town | 0 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 2 |
| of which: West Newbury town | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| of which: Unknown (community ID Unknown in FEMA data) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Repeat-flood properties by jurisdiction in the plan (NFIP community)
Sources: 1, 4
| Jurisdiction | NFIP community ID | RL, FMAproperties | SRL, FMAproperties | RL, NFIPproperties | SRL, NFIPproperties | Any categoryproperties | Mitigatedproperties | Currently insuredproperties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amesbury Town city | 250075 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 1 | 7 | 0 | 5 |
| Beverly city | 250077 | 0 | 0 | 20 | 0 | 20 | 0 | 8 |
| Gloucester city | 250082 | 0 | 10 | 38 | 8 | 40 | 1 | 19 |
| Haverhill city | 250085 | 1 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 6 |
| Lawrence city | 250087 | 1 | 6 | 28 | 6 | 28 | 0 | 10 |
| Lynn city | 250088 | 0 | 3 | 44 | 3 | 44 | 0 | 17 |
| Methuen Town city | 250093 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 1 | 16 | 0 | 7 |
| Newburyport city | 250097 | 1 | 3 | 27 | 2 | 29 | 1 | 9 |
| Peabody city | 250099 | 0 | 17 | 46 | 17 | 46 | 0 | 15 |
| Salem city | 250102 | 1 | 3 | 21 | 3 | 22 | 1 | 12 |
| Andover town | 250076 | 0 | 4 | 29 | 4 | 29 | 0 | 17 |
| Boxford town | 250078 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Danvers town | 250079 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 2 |
| Essex town | 250080 | 0 | 4 | 10 | 4 | 10 | 0 | 2 |
| Georgetown town | 250081 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 1 |
| Groveland town | 250083 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Hamilton town | 250084 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| Ipswich town | 250086 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| Lynnfield town | 250089 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 |
| Manchester-by-the-Sea town | 250090 | 0 | 1 | 22 | 1 | 22 | 0 | 7 |
| Marblehead town | 250091 | 0 | 6 | 20 | 6 | 20 | 0 | 4 |
| Merrimac town | 250092 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Middleton town | 250094 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 |
| Nahant town | 250095 | 0 | 15 | 46 | 13 | 47 | 0 | 21 |
| Newbury town | 250096 | 1 | 1 | 19 | 1 | 19 | 0 | 9 |
| North Andover town | 250098 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 2 |
| Rockport town | 250100 | 1 | 3 | 24 | 3 | 24 | 0 | 7 |
| Rowley town | 250101 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Salisbury town | 250103 | 3 | 11 | 41 | 9 | 43 | 2 | 18 |
| Saugus town | 250104 | 1 | 2 | 46 | 2 | 46 | 0 | 19 |
| Swampscott town | 250105 | 1 | 9 | 48 | 8 | 49 | 0 | 26 |
| Topsfield town | 250106 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 2 |
| Wenham town | 250107 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| West Newbury town | 250108 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Counts by occupancy group for each jurisdiction are in the Excel file, sheet "B2-c Jurisdictions".
Jurisdiction rows are whole NFIP communities and need not add up to the county total: a community that extends into another county is counted in full on each jurisdiction row, while the county table counts only its part in this county.
County repeat-flood properties by occupancy group
Sources: 1, 4
| Occupancy group | RL, FMAproperties | SRL, FMAproperties | RL, NFIPproperties | SRL, NFIPproperties | Any categoryproperties | Mitigatedproperties | Currently insuredproperties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| single-family residential | 9 | 36 | 343 | 30 | 349 | 4 | 145 |
| 2 to 4 unit residential | 0 | 15 | 95 | 14 | 97 | 0 | 39 |
| other residential | 2 | 10 | 44 | 10 | 44 | 0 | 28 |
| non-residential | 1 | 41 | 115 | 39 | 116 | 1 | 36 |
| not reported | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
FEMA's occupancy groups have no institutional class; institutional properties are counted in non-residential or other residential in the table by occupancy group.
FMA RL and FMA SRL are the Flood Mitigation Assistance definitions (44 CFR 77.2), the ones the FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Policy Guide cites. NFIP repetitive loss (the FEMA insurance definition) is 2 or more claims over $1,000 in 10 years, and a property can leave that group once it is mitigated. Also shown: NFIP severe repetitive loss, any category, mitigated and currently insured. The Methods page gives the OpenFEMA field details.
Counts are aggregates of FEMA's public NFIP Multiple Loss Properties file (FEMA's data date 2026-08-02; file version 2026-08-04). No property is identified. County assignment is FEMA's geocode.
In this county 3 properties are FMA repetitive loss but not NFIP repetitive loss, and 588 properties are NFIP repetitive loss but not FMA repetitive loss.
Exact counts; no count suppression.
Sources
Tables cite these sources by number. The full list, for the plan's bibliography (FEMA review item A4-a):
- FEMA, OpenFEMA HazardMitigationPlanStatuses v1, version 2026-09-29T134039Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/HazardMitigationPlanStatuses (API)
- FEMA, OpenFEMA DisasterDeclarationsSummaries v2, version 2026-09-29T162832Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v2/DisasterDeclarationsSummaries (API)
- FEMA, OpenFEMA PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries v1, version 2026-09-29T150754Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries (API)
- FEMA, OpenFEMA NfipMultipleLossProperties v1, version 2026-08-04T164045Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/NfipMultipleLossProperties (API)
- FEMA, FEMA National Risk Index 1.20.0 (December 2025), county and census tract tables, version 1.20.0, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_Counties.zip (download, 25 MB), https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_CensusTracts.zip (download, 635 MB)
- NOAA NCEI, NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, details files (csvfiles v1.0), version c20260918, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/swdi/stormevents/csvfiles/
- NOAA National Weather Service, NWS county-public forecast zones correlation file, version bp03mr20 to bp16ap26 (11 files; newest bp16ap26), pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.weather.gov/gis/ZoneCounty
- U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2024 Gazetteer, 2020 place by county, CT county-to-cousub crosswalk, version 2024-gazetteer, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_counties_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_cousubs_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_place_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_unsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_elsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_scsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/reference/codes2020/national_place_by_county2020.txt, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/reference/ct_change/ct_cou_to_cousub_crosswalk.xlsx (used to match place names and codes; no table prints its values)
What this packet is and what the plan adds
This packet is the federal data for the plan's risk assessment (the summary on page 1 says how it is organized); the plan and FEMA's review decide whether each item is met.
The plan adds what only the community has: local data on assets, critical facilities, development and each jurisdiction's impacts; local hazard history, including state-declared emergencies; the mitigation strategy; and adoption.
How the federal data are built: National Risk Index values are FEMA's model, not counts of events. Storm Events is more complete from 1996; zone-level records are placed by forecast zone, not by location in the county. Public Assistance for a jurisdiction is matched by applicant name. The Methods page gives every rule and the known edge cases.
OpenFEMA disclaimer
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
Reuse, citation and corrections
Reuse and citation: Hazard Plain text and tables are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); credit Hazard Plain and the release. The underlying federal data are public domain; OpenFEMA data are also subject to the OpenFEMA terms and conditions.
Cite this: Hazard Plain (2026). Essex County, MA: risk-assessment baseline packet, release 2026-10 (data as of 2026-09-30; County FIPS 25009). Automated baseline. https://hazardplain.org/ma/25009/ Built from FEMA OpenFEMA, the FEMA National Risk Index and NOAA NCEI Storm Events; source versions in the packet's Sources list.
Corrections: to report an error, name the packet, the table and what your records show. Contact: contact@hazardplain.org