Hazard Plain Automated baseline

Indian River County, FL

Risk-assessment baseline packet

County FIPS:
12061
Release:
2026-10
Data as of:
2026-09-30
Storm Events data through:
2026-06-30

Hazard Plain is an independent product built from public federal data. It is not a FEMA document and is not reviewed or endorsed by FEMA or any state agency.

Hazard Plain release 2026-10, as of 2026-09-30.

Summary

Plan status as of 2026-09-30: Approved, expires 2030-08-13. Plan: Indian River County (FEMA plan 111041), approved 2025-08-13.

Since the plan was approved on 2025-08-13: no new hazard declaration and 0 NOAA Storm Events records; details under "What changed since your last plan".

Highest expected annual loss (FEMA National Risk Index, modeled total; see B1-a): Hurricane ($132,135,718 a year), Inland Flooding ($22,686,483) and Tornado ($2,282,882).

The tables that follow are organized by the items of FEMA's Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool, Element B (B1-a to B2-c); each heading says which item its tables support.

Plan clock

Status:
Approved, expires 2030-08-13
Plan:
Indian River County (FEMA plan 111041)
Approved:
2025-08-13
Days to expiry:
1,413

What changed since your last plan (approved 2025-08-13)

New federal declarations:
none
Storm Events records since approval:
0 records (data through 2026-06-30)
Repetitive loss now:
FMA RL 32, SRL 14 (44 CFR 77.2); any definition: 228
Repeat-flood change:
this release sets the baseline count.

Sources: 1, 2, 4, 6 (numbered list at the end)

Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county

Source: 1

JurisdictionTypeStatusPlanApprovedExpiresDays to expirynegative = days since expiryUpdate underwayNotes
Indian River County (unincorporated area)UnincorporatedApproved, expires 2030-08-13Indian River County (FEMA plan 111041)2025-08-132030-08-131,413
Fellsmere cityCityPlan 111041 approved 2025-08-13, pending adoption here; not yet eligibleIndian River County (FEMA plan 111041), pending adoption here2025-08-13 by FEMA; not yet adopted here2030-08-13 once adoptedFEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoptionNot yet eligible: adopt the approved plan.
Indian River Shores townTownApproved, expires 2030-08-13Indian River County (FEMA plan 111041)2025-08-132030-08-131,413this jurisdiction approved 2025-11-17
Orchid townTownApproved, expires 2030-08-13Indian River County (FEMA plan 111041)2025-08-132030-08-131,413this jurisdiction approved 2026-07-24
Sebastian cityCityApproved, expires 2030-08-13Indian River County (FEMA plan 111041)2025-08-132030-08-131,413this jurisdiction approved 2025-09-09
Vero Beach cityCityApproved, expires 2030-08-13Indian River County (FEMA plan 111041)2025-08-132030-08-131,413this jurisdiction approved 2025-09-09
Indian River County School DistrictSchool/School DistrictApproved, expires 2030-08-13Indian River County (FEMA plan 111041)2025-08-132030-08-131,413this jurisdiction approved 2025-11-17

State plan status and tribal plans in this state: see the state page.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-a: hazard identification

Hazards NRI does not cover (local data needed)

  • dam failure (incl. upstream dams)
  • levee failure
  • flash flood as its own subtype
  • ice jams
  • debris flows
  • erosion (riverine and coastal)
  • land subsidence and sinkholes
  • expansive soils

The 18 National Risk Index hazards, ranked by expected annual loss (EAL)

Sources: 5, 6

Rank by EALHazardNRI risk ratingEAL ratingEAL buildingsmodeled dollars per yearEAL agriculturemodeled dollars per yearCost of expected deaths and injuriesFEMA's dollar value per year, not property damageEAL total (see note)modeled dollars per yearStorm Events records, 1996 to 2026-06-30countStorm Events coverage note
1HurricaneVery HighVery High$124,037,701$1,872,104$6,225,914$132,135,71818
2Inland FloodingRelatively ModerateRelatively Moderate$22,373,064$298,664$14,754$22,686,48316
3TornadoRelatively ModerateRelatively Moderate$1,098,933$2,325$1,181,625$2,282,88221
4LightningRelatively HighRelatively High$94,754n/a$1,334,223$1,428,9778
5Strong WindRelatively HighRelatively Moderate$724,199$87,433$587,141$1,398,77338Includes 1 Strong Wind record (a NOAA non-thunderstorm wind type, outside NRI's Strong Wind definition).
6WildfireRelatively LowRelatively Low$764,671$2,950$95,715$863,3370Declared 5 times; no Storm Events record of this type.
7Coastal FloodingRelatively ModerateRelatively Moderate$758,125n/a$76,451$834,57610
8Heat WaveRelatively LowRelatively Low$41$74$555,102$555,2170No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).
9Cold WaveRelatively LowRelatively Low$41,549$415,838$73,033$530,4205Includes 4 Frost/Freeze records (outside NRI's Cold Wave definition; counted in this table and in B1-d, not in the B1-e descriptor).
10DroughtRelatively LowRelatively Lown/a$282,991n/a$282,9910No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).
11EarthquakeVery LowVery Low$54,881n/a$23,483$78,364Storm Events does not record earthquakes.
12HailVery LowVery Low$4,442$4,181$27,447$36,06953
13LandslideVery LowVery Low$44n/aunder $1$450No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).
14Winter WeatherNo RatingNo Expected Annual Losses$0$0$0$00No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).
TsunamiInsufficient DataInsufficient Datan/an/an/an/a0No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).

Total = buildings + agriculture + population equivalence; FEMA values each expected death (or 10 injuries) at $13.7 million (2024 dollars).

NRI risk rating combines expected annual loss with social vulnerability and community resilience; EAL rating rates expected annual loss alone. Both compare this county with all U.S. counties.

Local data needed: state and local wildfire, landslide and tsunami records (Storm Events records these hazards only in part).

Not applicable to this county per NRI, with no federal declaration and no Storm Events record since 1996: avalanche, ice storm and volcanic activity. That is the evidence for leaving them out of the plan.

The state hazard mitigation plan also lists hazards for this county; FEMA asks the plan to explain any hazard it leaves out.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-b: hazard location

Affects the whole county (national data give no location within it): Cold Wave, Drought, Hail, Heat Wave, Lightning, Strong Wind and Winter Weather.

Coastal Flooding and Inland Flooding: The FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) is the required location source for flooding. See the FEMA Flood Map Service Center (https://msc.fema.gov) for this county.

Hazards that vary within the county: highest-rated census tracts

Source: 5

HazardHighest-rated census tractsNRI risk rating, score 0 to 100
Earthquaketract 505.06 (Very Low, 15.6); tract 505.07 (Very Low, 15.0); tract 506.02 (Very Low, 15.0)
Hurricanetract 505.06 (Very High, 100.0); tract 508.11 (Very High, 99.8); tract 507.06 (Very High, 99.8)
Landslidetract 505.06 (Very Low, 74.2); tract 505.07 (Very Low, 53.0); tract 505.05 (Very Low, 52.7)
Tornadotract 505.06 (Relatively Moderate, 64.6); tract 508.11 (Relatively Moderate, 59.4); tract 507.06 (Relatively Moderate, 57.4)
Tsunamino tract has a National Risk Index rating for this hazard
Wildfiretract 509.09 (Relatively Moderate, 95.9); tract 509.08 (Relatively Moderate, 95.7); tract 508.07 (Relatively Moderate, 94.8)

Up to 3 census tracts per hazard, highest National Risk Index rating first, then highest score; a tract number is the Census tract number (for example 505.06 is Census Tract 505.06). FEMA's Resilience Analysis and Planning Tool maps the National Risk Index for every tract: https://www.fema.gov/emergency-managers/practitioners/resilience-analysis-and-planning-tool

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-c: hazard extent

Extent: scale, observed range and worst recorded event per hazard

Sources: 6, 7

HazardScaleRecordscount and yearsObserved rangeWorst recorded eventMost damaging (when different)How it applies to jurisdictionsNote
Coastal Flood, Storm Surge/Tidenone in data (flood depth: FIRM)10 records, 2004 to 2022 (10 zone-level)Storm Surge/Tide, 2016-10-06, $13,000,000 property; $0 crops (2016 dollars); NWS zone FLZ054Countywide (zone-level records).Flood depth: see the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map.
Cold/Wind Chill, Extreme Cold/Wind Chillwind chill1 record, 2010 (1 zone-level)1 day; 1 with a recorded value1 consecutive day, 2010-12-14, zone-levelCountywide (zone-level records).
Frost/Freeze (outside NRI's Cold Wave definition)crop damage4 records, 2009 to 2010 (4 zone-level)Frost/Freeze, 2010-12-27, $4,030,000 crop damage (2010 dollars); NWS zone FLZ054Countywide (zone-level records).
DroughtU.S. Drought Monitor scale (D0 to D4)0Storm Events enters a drought at D2 or worse east of the Rockies and D3 or worse from the Rockies west (NWS Instruction 10-1605); NRI drought counts D3 and D4 only.
EarthquakeModified Mercalli (local data)0Storm Events does not record earthquakes; the USGS earthquake catalog is the source.
Hailhail size (inches)67 records, 1960 to 20250.52 in to 3 in (median 0.88 in); 66 with a recorded value3 in hail, 1995-02-13Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Vero Beach city (24 records), Fellsmere city (10 records), Sebastian city (6 records).
Excessive Heat, Heatheat index (in event narratives)0
Hurricane, Tropical Storm, Tropical DepressionSaffir-Simpson18 records, 1999 to 2024 (18 zone-level)Strongest recorded: Hurricane record (NOAA event type 'Hurricane (Typhoon)'), 2016-10-06 to 2016-10-07, category 1, $15,800,000 property; crops not reported (2016 dollars); NWS zone FLZ054Most damaging recorded: Hurricane (Typhoon), 2004-09-04, $1,000,000,000 property; $20,300,000 crops (zone total, 2004 dollars)Countywide (zone-level records).Storm Events files every zone of a storm's episode under the storm's type; flooding from the storm is filed as Flood or Flash Flood records.
Flash Flood, Flood, Lakeshore Flooddamage and flood days (flood depth: FIRM)16 records, 1999 to 2024Flood, 2008-08-19, $20,000 property; $5,000,000 crops (2008 dollars)Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Sebastian city (5 records), Fellsmere city (3 records), Vero Beach city (3 records).Flood depth: see the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map. Storm Events damage is often $0 or blank for floods, major ones included; FEMA Public Assistance by declaration (B1-d) shows which floods cost the most.
Debris Flownone (count and damage only)0
Lightningannualized frequency (the measure FEMA's Local Mitigation Planning Handbook names)8 records, 1997 to 2023Lightning, 2003-09-20, $0 property; $0 crops (2003 dollars), 1 direct death, 4 direct injuriesLightning, 1997-06-01, $1,000,000 property; crops not reported (1997 dollars)Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Sebastian city (3 records), Vero Beach city (1 record).Storm Events lists lightning with damage or casualties.
High Wind and Strong Wind (outside NRI's Strong Wind definition)wind speed (kt and mph)1 record, 2014 (1 zone-level)26 kt (30 mph); 1 with a recorded value26 kt (30 mph) estimated gust, Strong Wind, 2014-03-13, 1 direct death, 2 direct injuries (reported for the zone); NWS zone FLZ054Countywide (zone-level records).
Thunderstorm Windwind speed (kt and mph)77 records, 1960 to 202348 kt (55 mph) to 87 kt (100 mph) (median 53 kt (61 mph)); 51 with a recorded value87 kt (100 mph) estimated gust, Thunderstorm Wind, 2017-03-23Thunderstorm Wind, 1993-03-13, $500,000 property; crops not recorded (1993 dollars)Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Vero Beach city (11 records), Sebastian city (8 records).Speeds under 20 kt (likely entry errors) are left out of the observed range.
TornadoEnhanced Fujita (Fujita before Feb 2007)34 records, 1958 to 2024F/EF0 to F/EF2 (median F/EF0); 30 with a recorded valueEF2 tornado, 2024-10-09, 8.27 mi within this county, 200 yd wide, $39,000,000 property; $0 crops (2024 dollars)Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Sebastian city (3 records), Vero Beach city (3 records).Before 1996 a tornado is listed once, under the county where it began, with its whole path's rating and length; from 1996 on, each county lists its own segment. Length is not used to rank tornadoes (see Methods).
Tsunaminone (count and damage only)0
Wildfireacres burned (local data)0
Winter Storm, Heavy Snow, Blizzard, Lake-Effect Snow, Winter Weather, Sleetnone in data (snowfall: local data)0

In event narratives only (local data needed): wind chill, temperature, heat index, acres burned and snow depth; any physical measure of debris flow, lightning and tsunami.

Storm Events records are more complete after 1996; before 1996 only Tornado (from 1950), Hail and Thunderstorm Wind (from 1955) exist. Zone-level records from zones that no NWS zone-county file places in this county (mostly before 2020) are not counted here (the Methods page explains the zone matching).

Dollars are nominal (as reported), labeled with the year; not adjusted for inflation.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-d: previous occurrences

Federal declarations for this county: 35 declarations covering 24 separate hazard incidents counted in this packet (declarations for the same incident count once; non-natural and evacuation-only declarations are not counted).

Federal disaster declarations for this county

Sources: 1, 2, 3

DeclaredIncident beganFEMA numberTypeTitleMapped hazardCounty Public Assistancefederal share obligated, nominal dollarsFlagsNotes
2024-10-112024-10-05DR-4834-FLMajor disasterHurricane MiltonHurricane (primary); also designated: Inland Flooding$4,399,671.28in the 12 months before plan approval; within last 5 years
2024-10-072024-10-05EM-3622-FLEmergencyHurricane MiltonHurricaneno Public Assistance recordedin the 12 months before plan approval; within last 5 yearssame incident as DR-4834
2022-12-132022-11-07DR-4680-FLMajor disasterHurricane NicoleHurricane$8,028,105.03within last 5 years
2022-11-082022-11-07EM-3587-FLEmergencyTropical Storm NicoleHurricaneno Public Assistance recordedwithin last 5 yearssame incident as DR-4680
2022-09-292022-09-23DR-4673-FLMajor disasterHurricane IanHurricane$3,563,118.14within last 5 years
2022-09-242022-09-23EM-3584-FLEmergencyTropical Storm IanHurricaneno Public Assistance recordedwithin last 5 yearssame incident as DR-4673
2020-08-012020-07-31EM-3533-FLEmergencyHurricane IsaiasHurricane$85,207.99
2020-03-252020-01-20DR-4486-FLMajor disasterCOVID-19 PandemicNon-natural, not counted$6,199,111.45
2020-03-132020-01-20EM-3432-FLEmergencyCOVID-19Non-natural, not countedno Public Assistance recordedsame incident as DR-4486
2019-10-212019-08-28DR-4468-FLMajor disasterHurricane DorianHurricane$6,283,598.12
2019-08-302019-08-28EM-3419-FLEmergencyHurricane DorianHurricaneno Public Assistance recordedsame incident as DR-4468
2017-09-102017-09-04DR-4337-FLMajor disasterHurricane IrmaHurricane$11,537,966.07
2017-09-052017-09-04EM-3385-FLEmergencyHurricane IrmaHurricaneno Public Assistance recordedsame incident as DR-4337
2016-10-082016-10-03DR-4283-FLMajor disasterHurricane MatthewHurricane$11,245,244.19
2016-10-062016-10-03EM-3377-FLEmergencyHurricane MatthewHurricaneno Public Assistance recordedsame incident as DR-4283
2008-08-212008-08-18EM-3288-FLEmergencyTropical Storm FayHurricane; Inland Flooding$110,908.87
2007-06-272007-05-29FM-2696-FLFire managementOkeechobee Fire ComplexWildfireno Public Assistance recorded
2005-10-242005-10-23DR-1609-FLMajor disasterHurricane WilmaHurricane$3,083,888.95
2005-09-052005-08-29EM-3220-FLEmergencyHurricane Katrina EvacuationHurricane: evacuation support, not a local hazard event; not countedno Public Assistance recorded
2004-09-262004-09-24DR-1561-FLMajor disasterHurricane JeanneHurricane$31,446,696.37
2004-09-162004-09-13DR-1551-FLMajor disasterHurricane IvanHurricanenone placed in this county by FEMA's record; $368,533.58 for this declaration is not placed in any county (see the state page)
2004-09-042004-09-03DR-1545-FLMajor disasterHurricane FrancesHurricane$32,396,287.02
2004-08-132004-08-11DR-1539-FLMajor disasterTropical Storm Bonnie and Hurricane CharleyHurricane$8,476.20
2001-02-192001-02-19FM-2354-FLFire managementFl - Okeechobee Complex FireWildfireno Public Assistance recorded
2001-02-052000-12-01DR-1359-FLMajor disasterSevere FreezeCold WavePA not declared for this county
1999-10-201999-10-14DR-1306-FLMajor disasterFl-Hurricane Irene-Dr-ReqHurricane$832,361.45
1999-10-151999-10-14EM-3150-FLEmergencyTropical Storm Irene - FloridaHurricaneno Public Assistance recordedsame incident as DR-1306
1999-09-221999-09-13DR-1300-FLMajor disasterHurricane Floyd Major Disaster DeclarationsHurricane$1,036,021.54
1999-09-141999-09-14EM-3143-FLEmergencyHurricane Floyd Emergency DeclarationsHurricaneno Public Assistance recordedsame incident as DR-1300
1999-04-271999-04-15EM-3139-FLEmergencyFl-Fires 04/15/99Wildfireno Public Assistance recorded
1999-04-151999-04-13FM-2251-FLFire managementOkeechobee Fire ComplexWildfireno Public Assistance recorded
1998-06-181998-05-25DR-1223-FLMajor disasterExtreme Fire HazardWildfireno Public Assistance recorded
1990-01-151989-12-23DR-851-FLMajor disasterSevere FreezeCold WavePA not declared for this county
1985-03-181985-03-18DR-732-FLMajor disasterSevere FreezeCold WavePA not declared for this county
1977-01-311977-01-31DR-526-FLMajor disasterSevere Winter WeatherCold WavePA not declared for this county

County Public Assistance: applicants the FEMA record places in this county, including any state agencies FEMA files there; statewide rows are listed on the state page; federal share obligated, nominal dollars.

Statewide declarations

Source: 2

DeclaredIncident beganFEMA numberTypeTitleMapped hazard
1995-08-031995-08-02EM-3116-FLEmergencyHurricane ErinHurricane
1964-09-101964-09-10DR-176-FLMajor disasterHurricane DoraHurricane (primary); also designated: Inland Flooding
1964-09-081964-09-08DR-175-FLMajor disasterHurricane CleoHurricane (primary); also designated: Inland Flooding
1962-12-171962-12-17DR-141-FLMajor disasterAbnormally High TidesInland Flooding
1960-09-121960-09-12DR-106-FLMajor disasterHurricane DonnaHurricane (primary); also designated: Inland Flooding
1960-03-231960-03-23DR-97-FLMajor disasterSevere Weather ConditionsOther, not an NRI hazard; not counted
1953-10-221953-10-22DR-12-FLMajor disasterFloodInland Flooding

FEMA recorded these with designated area Statewide and no county, so they are listed on every county page in the state and not counted with county rows. Local data needed: whether each one affected this county.

17 Fire Management declarations (1985-05-17 to 1998-06-28) FEMA filed as Statewide with no county; each names one local fire. Listed on the state page.

Public Assistance not placed in any Florida county: 4 rows, $9,327,951.42; listed on the Florida state page.

Source: 3

Previous occurrences by hazard, with explicit no-event rows

Sources: 2, 6, 7

HazardStorm Events records, all years on file(years in the Period column)Since plan approvalrecordsIn the 12 months before plan approvalrecordsLast 5 yearsrecordsDeclared incidents, all yearsseparate disastersDeclared since approvalseparate disastersPeriodStatement
Coastal Flooding10003001996 to 2026-06-30
Cold Wave5000401996 to 2026-06-30Includes 4 Frost/Freeze records.
Drought0000001996 to 2026-06-30No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Earthquake000000Storm Events does not record earthquakes; the USGS earthquake catalog is the source.
Hail67023001955 to 2026-06-30
Heat Wave0000001996 to 2026-06-30No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Hurricane180251501996 to 2026-06-30
Inland Flooding16013201996 to 2026-06-30
Landslide0000001996 to 2026-06-30No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Lightning8001001996 to 2026-06-30
Strong Wind78008001955 to 2026-06-30Includes 1 Strong Wind record.
Tornado34078001950 to 2026-06-30
Tsunami0000001996 to 2026-06-30No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Wildfire0000501996 to 2026-06-30No Storm Events records of this type; 5 federal declared incidents (see declarations table)
Winter Weather0000001996 to 2026-06-30No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events

Notable Storm Events records

Sources: 1, 6, 7

DateEvent typeMagnitude or extentDamagenominal dollarsDeaths, injuriesdirect onlyLocationFlagsWhy listed
2024-10-09TornadoEF2, 8.27 mi within this county, 200 yd wide$39,000,000 property; $0 crops (2024 dollars)0, 0OSLO to INDIAN RIVER SHRSin the 12 months before plan approval; within last 5 yearsB1-c worst recorded: Tornado
2023-08-14Lightning$0 property; $0 crops (2023 dollars)0, 2SEBASTIANwithin last 5 yearsdeaths or injuries recorded
2017-03-23Thunderstorm Wind87 kt (100 mph) estimated gust$10,000 property; $0 crops (2017 dollars)0, 0VERO BEACH AIRPARKB1-c worst recorded: Thunderstorm Wind
2016-10-06Storm Surge/Tide$13,000,000 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2016 dollars)0, 0NWS zone FLZ054 (INDIAN RIVER), zone-levelB1-c worst recorded: Coastal Flood, Storm Surge/Tide
2016-10-06Hurricane (NOAA event type 'Hurricane (Typhoon)')category 1$15,800,000 property; crops not reported (zone total, 2016 dollars)0, 0NWS zone FLZ054 (INDIAN RIVER), zone-levelB1-c worst recorded: Hurricane, Tropical Storm, Tropical Depression
2014-03-13Strong Wind26 kt (30 mph) estimated gust$0 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2014 dollars)1, 2NWS zone FLZ054 (INDIAN RIVER), zone-leveldeaths or injuries recorded
2010-12-27Frost/Freeze$0 property; $4,030,000 crops (zone total, 2010 dollars)0, 0NWS zone FLZ054 (INDIAN RIVER), zone-levelB1-c worst recorded: Frost/Freeze
2010-12-14Cold/Wind Chill$0 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2010 dollars)0, 0NWS zone FLZ054 (INDIAN RIVER), zone-levelB1-c worst recorded: Cold/Wind Chill, Extreme Cold/Wind Chill
2008-08-19Flood$20,000 property; $5,000,000 crops (2008 dollars)0, 0SEBASTIAN to INDIAN RIVER SHRSB1-c worst recorded: Flash Flood, Flood, Lakeshore Flood
2004-09-04Hurricane (NOAA event type 'Hurricane (Typhoon)')$1,000,000,000 property; $20,300,000 crops (zone total, 2004 dollars)0, 0NWS zone FLZ054 (INDIAN RIVER), zone-levelB1-c most damaging: Hurricane, Tropical Storm, Tropical Depression
2003-09-20Lightning$0 property; $0 crops (2003 dollars)1, 4WABASSOdeaths or injuries recorded
1995-02-13Hail3 in$500 property; crops not recorded (1995 dollars)0, 0Vero BeachB1-c worst recorded: Hail

The full list is in the Excel file, sheet "B1-d Storm Events history" (236 rows).

Location is the place NOAA recorded, as written in its data; it need not be a jurisdiction in this plan.

Local data needed: state-declared emergencies, from your state emergency management agency (federal data do not include them).

Tribal and special-area declarations in this state are listed on the state page.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-e: probability of future events

Probability: FEMA annualized frequency and descriptor per hazard

Sources: 5, 6

HazardFEMA annualized frequency (modeled)unit per rowUnitIn plain termsDescriptorDescriptor basisNRI events or days in its record period (hail, wind and tornado are area-weighted, so can be fractional)NRI periodLocationNote
Coastal Flooding1.02events per year at a location (modeled)about 1 per year at a given location in the countyHighly likelyFEMA annualized frequency (modeled)not shownmodeledsee B1-fDescriptor from NRI: the rate at a location is 1 or more a year, so the county rate is at least that.
Cold Wave2.77event-days per yearabout 2.77 days per yearPossibleStorm Events event-days in 1 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (3.33%)52.22005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years)countywide
Drought23event-days per yearabout 23 days per yearStorm Events event-days in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%)6792000 to 2025 (25.25 years; D3 and D4 only)countywideNo Storm Events drought record, 1996 to 2025
Earthquake0.000295annual probability at a locationchance a given location in the county has at least minor-damage shaking in a year: 0.0295%not shownmodeledsee B1-fNo descriptor (Storm Events does not record earthquakes).
Hail1.19events per yearabout 1.19 per yearHighly likelyFEMA annualized frequency (modeled)46.4 (modeled)1986 to 2023 (38 years)countywide
Heat Wave1.96event-days per yearabout 1.96 days per yearStorm Events event-days in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%)20.92005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years)countywideNo Storm Events heat wave record, 1996 to 2025
Hurricane0.31events per yearabout 1 in 3 yearsLikelyFEMA annualized frequency (modeled)1041851 to 2024 (Atlantic)see B1-fNRI counts hurricane and tropical storm tracks passing within storm-force wind range; federal declarations are in B1-d.
Inland Flooding0.5event-days per yearabout 0.5 days per yearLikelyStorm Events event-days in 11 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (36.7%)141996 to 2023 (28 years)see B1-f
Landslide0.05events per year (modeled)about 1 in 20 yearsPossibleFEMA annualized frequency (modeled)not shownmodeledsee B1-f
Lightning77.5days per year with a strikeabout 77.5 days per yearHighly likelyFEMA annualized frequency (modeled)not shown1995 to 2023 (29 years; CONUS)countywide
Strong Wind0.655events per yearabout 0.65 per yearLikelyFEMA annualized frequency (modeled)221986 to 2023 (38 years)countywide
Tornado0.309events per yearabout 1 in 3 yearsLikelyFEMA annualized frequency (modeled)not shown1950 to 2023 (EF2+); 1986 to 2023 (EF0-1)see B1-f
Tsunamiannual probability at the most exposed location (used in place of a county value)Storm Events records in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%)not shownmodeledsee B1-fNo descriptor: no Storm Events record 1996 to 2025
Wildfire0.00771annual probability at a locationchance a given location in the county burns in a year: 0.771%Storm Events records in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%)not shownmodeledsee B1-fNo descriptor: no Storm Events record 1996 to 2025
Winter Weather0event-days per yearnone modeledStorm Events event-days in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%)02005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years)countywideNo Storm Events winter weather record, 1996 to 2025

FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) is the National Risk Index v1.20 (December 2025) estimate of how often a hazard affects this county in a year; it is not recorded events divided by years, and its unit differs by hazard (events, event-days, or days with a lightning strike per year). For earthquake, wildfire, coastal flooding and tsunami the value is the chance (or number of events) at a location in the county, not across the county, so no "1 in N years" is given and the descriptor comes from Storm Events where it has a record (none for earthquake). The Methods page gives each hazard's method, from FEMA's National Risk Index Technical Documentation v1.20.

Where NRI gives event-days, the descriptor comes from the share of years with a Storm Events record; NRI's source records more events, so the two differ.

Descriptor scale used in this packet (defined per unit)

Sources: 5, 6

UnitDescriptorDefinition
events per yearHighly likely1 or more per year
events per yearLikelyabout once in 1 to 10 years
events per yearPossibleabout once in 10 to 100 years
events per yearUnlikelyless than once in 100 years
annual probabilityLikely10% to under 100% chance in a given year
annual probabilityPossible1% to under 10% chance in a given year
annual probabilityUnlikelyunder 1% chance in a given year
event-days (share of years)Highly likelyevent-days recorded in 90% or more of years
event-days (share of years)Likelyevent-days recorded in 10% to under 90% of years
event-days (share of years)Possibleevent-days recorded in some years but under 10% of years
lightning strike-daysHighly likelycloud-to-ground strikes on 1 or more days per year

Intensity bands: historical frequency (Storm Events)

Source: 6

HazardBandYearsEventscounty-coded recordsYears in periodEvents per yearevents / years
Hail1.00-1.99 in1996 to 202515300.5
Hail2.00 in+1996 to 20250300
Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind)50-64 kt1996 to 202529300.967
Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind)65 kt+1996 to 20252300.0667
Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind)unmeasured or below 50 kt1996 to 20256300.2
TornadoEF0-11996 to 202519300.633
TornadoEF2-31996 to 20251300.0333
TornadoEF4-51996 to 20250300
Tornadounrated (EFU)1996 to 20251300.0333

The bands show how often events of each severity were recorded in this county, to profile how severe events have been (FEMA's probability item asks for the range of intensities).

Hail smaller than 1 inch is not counted: on 2010-01-05 the National Weather Service raised its severe-hail threshold from 3/4 inch to 1 inch, so smaller reports became less common after 2009 (NWS Service Change Notice 09-52). NRI hail frequency uses a 0.75 inch threshold.

Optional: future conditions. Not a required item in the 2025 FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Policy Guide; some states ask for it. The federal Climate Mapping for Resilience and Adaptation (CMRA) site gives county exposure to future climate conditions (https://resilience.climate.gov/).

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-f: hazards that vary across jurisdictions

Range of census tract risk within the county

Source: 5

HazardTractsrated of allNRI risk score, 0 to 100Tracts by rating
MinMedianMax
Coastal Flooding30 of 4469.690.196.4Relatively High 2, Relatively Moderate 14, Relatively Low 6, Very Low 8, No Rating 14
Cold Wave44 of 4416.019.784.7Relatively High 1, Relatively Moderate 1, Relatively Low 25, Very Low 17
Drought22 of 4467.581.396.7Relatively Moderate 2, Relatively Low 10, Very Low 10, No Rating 22
Earthquake44 of 442.19.515.6Very Low 44
Hail44 of 441.119.638.5Relatively Low 1, Very Low 43
Heat Wave44 of 441.419.236.4Relatively Low 27, Very Low 17
Hurricane44 of 4491.199.2100.0Very High 39, Relatively High 5
Inland Flooding44 of 440.845.991.3Relatively High 4, Relatively Moderate 14, Relatively Low 19, Very Low 7
Landslide24 of 449.226.174.2Very Low 24, No Rating 20
Lightning44 of 441.584.296.4Very High 1, Relatively High 31, Relatively Moderate 11, Very Low 1
Strong Wind44 of 4417.971.088.3Relatively High 3, Relatively Moderate 34, Relatively Low 6, Very Low 1
Tornado44 of 4411.450.064.6Relatively Moderate 9, Relatively Low 33, Very Low 2
Tsunami0 of 44Insufficient Data 44
Wildfire43 of 4425.281.495.9Relatively Moderate 9, Relatively Low 21, Very Low 13, No Rating 1
Winter Weather0 of 44No Rating 44

Cold Wave: Agriculture is 78% of NRI's expected annual loss for this hazard in the county, so the tract range mostly reflects where crop and livestock value is.

Drought: Agriculture is all of NRI's expected annual loss for this hazard in the county, so the tract range mostly reflects where crop and livestock value is.

Rated tracts only: No Rating (score 0.0), Not Applicable and Insufficient Data tracts are counted but not used for the minimum, median and maximum.

The score ranks a tract against all U.S. tracts (100 = highest). The rating is FEMA's category for the tract's risk value, computed differently, so the two can disagree.

Frequency data for cold wave, drought, hail, heat wave, lightning and strong wind are county-wide or coarse (49 km grid or NWS zone), the same for every jurisdiction; the tract range mostly reflects where buildings and people are (crop and livestock value where a line above names agriculture).

Each jurisdiction (starting figures from federal data)

Sources: 1, 3, 4, 6

JurisdictionTypePlan statusRepetitive lossFMA RL and SRL (44 CFR 77.2); repeat-flood, any definitionPublic Assistance to this jurisdictionFEMA records matched by applicant name; federal share obligated, nominal dollarsEvent records naming this placeall years; since its planNotes
Indian River County (unincorporated area)UnincorporatedApproved, expires 2030-08-13FMA RL 21, SRL 8; any 126$69,511,464.470 total; 0 since its plan
Fellsmere cityCityPlan 111041 approved 2025-08-13, pending adoption here; not yet eligibleFMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0$957,026.5413 total; no approved plan
Indian River Shores townTownApproved, expires 2030-08-13FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 4$562,845.340 total; 0 since its plan
Orchid townTownApproved, expires 2030-08-13FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0$7,908.300 total; 0 since its plan
Sebastian cityCityApproved, expires 2030-08-13FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 2$6,021,189.7525 total; 0 since its plan
Vero Beach cityCityApproved, expires 2030-08-13FMA RL 11, SRL 6; any 96$22,913,111.4242 total; 0 since its planIncludes $142,757.77 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4486-FL).

Repetitive-loss counts are for whole NFIP communities, which can extend beyond this county (see the note in B2-c).

School districts and special districts get a plan clock row only.

County Public Assistance in B1-d also includes applicants filed under the county that are not jurisdictions in this plan (for example state agencies, special districts and nonprofits), so the jurisdiction rows add up to less.

Supports FEMA checklist items B2-a and B2-b: vulnerability and potential impacts

Local data needed

The table below gives county-level starting figures; the plan describes impacts for each jurisdiction and its own assets.

  • Critical facilities and lifelines per hazard
  • A problem statement per jurisdiction per hazard
  • Changes in development in hazard-prone areas since the last approval, or a statement of none (E1-a)
  • Future assets

County-level starter: exposure, expected annual loss and damage since the plan

Sources: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7

HazardBuilding exposuremodeled dollarsAgriculture exposuremodeled dollarsPopulation exposedpeopleEAL buildingsmodeled dollars per yearEAL agriculturemodeled dollars per yearCost of expected deaths and injuriesFEMA's dollar value per year, not property damageEAL as % of exposurebuildings; agriculture where notedStorm Events damage since 2025-08-13county-coded records, property plus crops, nominal dollarsZone-level damage since planproperty plus crops, reported for the zonePublic Assistance since plannominal dollars; see noteNote
Coastal Flooding$8,836,822,885n/a36,844$758,125n/a$76,4510.00858%
Cold Wave$32,129,873,920$137,090,533159,719$41,549$415,838$73,0330.000129%
Droughtn/a$92,281,475n/an/a$282,991n/a0.307% (agriculture)NRI has no building exposure for this hazard; agriculture shown
Earthquake$53,161,706,080n/a159,788$54,881n/a$23,4830.000103%
Hail$32,129,873,920$137,090,533159,719$4,442$4,181$27,447under 0.0001%
Heat Wave$32,129,873,920$137,090,533159,719$41$74$555,102under 0.0001%
Hurricane$32,129,074,941$134,771,078159,717$124,037,701$1,872,104$6,225,9140.386%
Inland Flooding$32,071,270,449$107,830,19423,990$22,373,064$298,664$14,754n/a (see note)NRI counts the full building value of any census block with some flood loss; this is not the value of buildings in the floodplain. Use local FIRM overlays for B2-a/B2-b.
Landslide$18,346,226n/a54$44n/aunder $10.000242%
Lightning$32,129,873,920n/a159,719$94,754n/a$1,334,2230.000295%
Strong Wind$32,129,873,920$137,090,533159,719$724,199$87,433$587,1410.00225%
Tornado$32,129,873,920$137,090,533159,719$1,098,933$2,325$1,181,6250.00342%
Tsunamin/an/an/an/an/an/aNRI publishes no building exposure for this county
Wildfire$2,470,878,604$62,070,56220,998$764,671$2,950$95,7150.0309%
Winter Weather$0$00$0$0$0building exposure is 0 in NRI

Totals since 2025-08-13 (Storm Events through 2026-06-30): 0 county-coded records, 0 with a damage value recorded (including $0), $0; 0 zone-level records, 0 with a damage value recorded (including $0), $0 reported for the zone; Public Assistance: no counted declaration since the plan.

FEMA does not split Public Assistance by hazard. A declaration mapped to several hazards is listed under each of them with its full amount, so the per-hazard column does not add up to the total; the unit total counts each declaration once.

NRI computes earthquake exposure on its own basis, so it exceeds the county building value in B2-a.

Supports FEMA checklist item B2-a: vulnerability (county context)

County context

Source: 5

MeasureValue
Population159,719
Building value (total, not at risk)$32,129,873,920
Agriculture value (total, not at risk)$137,090,533
NRI risk rating (all hazards)Relatively High
Expected annual loss, buildings and agriculture, all hazards$152,918,964
Expected annual loss, population equivalence, all hazards (NRI values each statistical life at $13.7M; a modeled value of expected deaths and injuries, not property damage)$10,194,888
Social vulnerability ratingRelatively High
Community resilience ratingRelatively High
NRI versionDecember 2025

FEMA's all-hazard expected annual loss adds buildings, agriculture and population equivalence; this table gives the property part and the population-equivalence part as separate rows.

Social vulnerability: higher means people are more likely to be harmed and slower to recover. Community resilience: lower means the community is less able to recover. High social vulnerability and low resilience both raise the NRI risk rating.

Supports FEMA checklist item B2-c: repetitive loss properties

Repetitive loss in this county, both definitions

Sources: 1, 4

DefinitionPropertiesSevere repetitive lossProperties
Repetitive loss, FMA definition (44 CFR 77.2)32Severe repetitive loss, FMA definition (44 CFR 77.2)14
Repetitive loss, NFIP insurance definition213Severe repetitive loss, NFIP insurance definition8

The state NFIP coordinator's list, the source FEMA's Handbook names, often uses the NFIP insurance definition (second row).

Repeat-flood properties: county and state-level rows

Sources: 1, 4

ScopeRL, FMApropertiesSRL, FMApropertiesRL, NFIPpropertiesSRL, NFIPpropertiesAny categorypropertiesMitigatedpropertiesCurrently insuredproperties
County total321421382284109
of which: Indian River County (unincorporated area)2181164126461
of which: Indian River Shores town0040401
of which: Sebastian city0020201
of which: Vero Beach city11691496046
Statewide, no county in FEMA's file01901001

The statewide row counts properties FEMA's file gives with no county in this state; they are listed for reference and are not in this county's counts.

Repeat-flood properties by jurisdiction in the plan (NFIP community)

Sources: 1, 4

JurisdictionNFIP community IDRL, FMApropertiesSRL, FMApropertiesRL, NFIPpropertiesSRL, NFIPpropertiesAny categorypropertiesMitigatedpropertiesCurrently insuredproperties
Indian River County (unincorporated area)1201192181164126461
Fellsmere city1201200000000
Indian River Shores town1201210040401
Orchid town1201220000000
Sebastian city1201230020201
Vero Beach city12012411691496046

Counts by occupancy group for each jurisdiction are in the Excel file, sheet "B2-c Jurisdictions".

Jurisdiction rows are whole NFIP communities and need not add up to the county total: a community that extends into another county is counted in full on each jurisdiction row, while the county table counts only its part in this county.

County repeat-flood properties by occupancy group

Sources: 1, 4

Occupancy groupRL, FMApropertiesSRL, FMApropertiesRL, NFIPpropertiesSRL, NFIPpropertiesAny categorypropertiesMitigatedpropertiesCurrently insuredproperties
single-family residential29101546169480
2 to 4 unit residential0030301
other residential1122022017
non-residential2334234011
not reported0000000

FEMA's occupancy groups have no institutional class; institutional properties are counted in non-residential or other residential in the table by occupancy group.

FMA RL and FMA SRL are the Flood Mitigation Assistance definitions (44 CFR 77.2), the ones the FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Policy Guide cites. NFIP repetitive loss (the FEMA insurance definition) is 2 or more claims over $1,000 in 10 years, and a property can leave that group once it is mitigated. Also shown: NFIP severe repetitive loss, any category, mitigated and currently insured. The Methods page gives the OpenFEMA field details.

Counts are aggregates of FEMA's public NFIP Multiple Loss Properties file (FEMA's data date 2026-08-02; file version 2026-08-04). No property is identified. County assignment is FEMA's geocode.

In this county 13 properties are FMA repetitive loss but not NFIP repetitive loss, and 194 properties are NFIP repetitive loss but not FMA repetitive loss.

Exact counts; no count suppression.

Sources

Tables cite these sources by number. The full list, for the plan's bibliography (FEMA review item A4-a):

  1. FEMA, OpenFEMA HazardMitigationPlanStatuses v1, version 2026-09-29T134039Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/HazardMitigationPlanStatuses (API)
  2. FEMA, OpenFEMA DisasterDeclarationsSummaries v2, version 2026-09-29T162832Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v2/DisasterDeclarationsSummaries (API)
  3. FEMA, OpenFEMA PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries v1, version 2026-09-29T150754Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries (API)
  4. FEMA, OpenFEMA NfipMultipleLossProperties v1, version 2026-08-04T164045Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/NfipMultipleLossProperties (API)
  5. FEMA, FEMA National Risk Index 1.20.0 (December 2025), county and census tract tables, version 1.20.0, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_Counties.zip (download, 25 MB), https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_CensusTracts.zip (download, 635 MB)
  6. NOAA NCEI, NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, details files (csvfiles v1.0), version c20260918, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/swdi/stormevents/csvfiles/
  7. NOAA National Weather Service, NWS county-public forecast zones correlation file, version bp03mr20 to bp16ap26 (11 files; newest bp16ap26), pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.weather.gov/gis/ZoneCounty
  8. U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2024 Gazetteer, 2020 place by county, CT county-to-cousub crosswalk, version 2024-gazetteer, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_counties_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_cousubs_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_place_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_unsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_elsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_scsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/reference/codes2020/national_place_by_county2020.txt, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/reference/ct_change/ct_cou_to_cousub_crosswalk.xlsx (used to match place names and codes; no table prints its values)

What this packet is and what the plan adds

This packet is the federal data for the plan's risk assessment (the summary on page 1 says how it is organized); the plan and FEMA's review decide whether each item is met.

The plan adds what only the community has: local data on assets, critical facilities, development and each jurisdiction's impacts; local hazard history, including state-declared emergencies; the mitigation strategy; and adoption.

How the federal data are built: National Risk Index values are FEMA's model, not counts of events. Storm Events is more complete from 1996; zone-level records are placed by forecast zone, not by location in the county. Public Assistance for a jurisdiction is matched by applicant name. The Methods page gives every rule and the known edge cases.

OpenFEMA disclaimer

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

Reuse, citation and corrections

Reuse and citation: Hazard Plain text and tables are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); credit Hazard Plain and the release. The underlying federal data are public domain; OpenFEMA data are also subject to the OpenFEMA terms and conditions.

Cite this: Hazard Plain (2026). Indian River County, FL: risk-assessment baseline packet, release 2026-10 (data as of 2026-09-30; County FIPS 12061). Automated baseline. https://hazardplain.org/fl/12061/ Built from FEMA OpenFEMA, the FEMA National Risk Index and NOAA NCEI Storm Events; source versions in the packet's Sources list.

Corrections: to report an error, name the packet, the table and what your records show. Contact: contact@hazardplain.org