Monroe County, AL: risk-assessment baseline packet, release 2026-10

Summary

Plan status as of 2026-09-30: Expired on 2026-05-10. Plan: Division A, Phase 3 (FEMA plan 108492), approved 2021-05-11.

Since the plan was approved on 2021-05-11: 1 new hazard declaration (1 incident) and 34 NOAA Storm Events records; details under "What changed since your last plan".

Highest expected annual loss (FEMA National Risk Index, modeled total; see B1-a): Hurricane ($3,622,978 a year), Inland Flooding ($3,452,969) and Tornado ($1,195,134).

The tables that follow are organized by the items of FEMA's Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool, Element B (B1-a to B2-c); each heading says which item its tables support.

Terms used

EAL:: expected annual loss: FEMA's modeled average yearly loss from a hazard.
NRI:: FEMA's National Risk Index (version 1.20, December 2025).
NFIP:: National Flood Insurance Program.
RL, SRL:: repetitive loss and severe repetitive loss: flood-insured properties with repeated claims (definitions in B2-c).
FMA, HMGP:: Flood Mitigation Assistance and Hazard Mitigation Grant Program, FEMA mitigation grants.
PA:: FEMA Public Assistance: disaster aid to governments and some nonprofits.
Zone-level:: NOAA logged the event for a National Weather Service forecast zone, which may include parts of neighboring counties.
County-coded:: NOAA logged the event to this county.
FIPS:: the federal code for a place; 01099 is this area.
D0 to D4:: U.S. Drought Monitor categories, from abnormally dry (D0) to exceptional drought (D4).
F/EF, EFU:: Fujita and Enhanced Fujita tornado ratings; EFU is an unrated tornado.
kt, CONUS:: knots (1 kt is about 1.15 mph); the contiguous United States.
CFR:: Code of Federal Regulations.
A4-a, E1-a:: other items of FEMA's Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool (sources, and changes since the last plan).
Dollars:: nominal (as reported, labeled with the year), not adjusted for inflation.

Plan clock

Status:: Expired on 2026-05-10
Plan:: Division A, Phase 3 (FEMA plan 108492)
Approved:: 2021-05-11
Days since expiry:: 143
Update underway:: none recorded in FEMA's plan tracker

Until a new plan is approved, FEMA mitigation project grants (HMGP, FMA) need a FEMA exception (44 CFR 201.6(a)(3)).

What changed since your last plan (approved 2021-05-11)

New federal declarations:: 1 new hazard declaration (1 incident): EM-3618-AL (Hurricane Helene)
Storm Events records since approval:: 34 records (data through 2026-06-30)
Repetitive loss now:: FMA RL 0, SRL 0 (44 CFR 77.2); any definition: 2
Repeat-flood change:: this release sets the baseline count.

Sources: 1, 2, 4, 6 (numbered list at the end)

Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county

Source: 1

Jurisdiction	Type	Status	Plan	Approved	Expires	Days to expirynegative = days since expiry	Notes
Monroe County (unincorporated area)	Unincorporated	Expired on 2026-05-10	Division A, Phase 3 (FEMA plan 108492)	2021-05-11	2026-05-10	-143	this jurisdiction approved 2023-01-09
Beatrice town	Town	Expired on 2026-05-10	Division A, Phase 3 (FEMA plan 108492)	2021-05-11	2026-05-10	-143	this jurisdiction approved 2023-01-09
Excel town	Town	Expired on 2026-05-10	Division A, Phase 3 (FEMA plan 108492)	2021-05-11	2026-05-10	-143	this jurisdiction approved 2023-01-09
Frisco City town	Town	Expired on 2026-05-10	Division A, Phase 3 (FEMA plan 108492)	2021-05-11	2026-05-10	-143	this jurisdiction approved 2023-01-09
Monroeville city	City	Expired on 2026-05-10	Division A, Phase 3 (FEMA plan 108492)	2021-05-11	2026-05-10	-143	this jurisdiction approved 2023-01-09
Vredenburgh town	Town	Expired on 2026-05-10	Division A, Phase 3 (FEMA plan 108492)	2021-05-11	2026-05-10	-143	this jurisdiction approved 2023-01-09

Plan 108492 lists 5 other participants: Chatom town (Washington County); McIntosh town (Washington County); Millry town (Washington County); Washington County (unincorporated area); Washington County School District (Washington County).

State plan status and tribal plans in this state: see the state page.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-a: hazard identification

Hazards NRI does not cover (local data needed)

dam failure (incl. upstream dams)
levee failure
flash flood as its own subtype
ice jams
debris flows
erosion (riverine and coastal)
land subsidence and sinkholes
expansive soils

The 18 National Risk Index hazards, ranked by expected annual loss (EAL)

Sources: 5, 6

Rank by EAL	Hazard	NRI risk rating	EAL rating	EAL buildingsmodeled dollars per year	EAL agriculturemodeled dollars per year	Cost of expected deaths and injuriesFEMA's dollar value per year, not property damage	EAL total (see note)modeled dollars per year	Storm Events records, 1996 to 2026-06-30count	Storm Events coverage note
1	Hurricane	Relatively Moderate	Relatively Moderate	$3,331,975	$193,264	$97,738	$3,622,978	9
2	Inland Flooding	Relatively Low	Very Low	$3,438,876	$12,155	$1,938	$3,452,969	27
3	Tornado	Relatively Low	Relatively Low	$648,895	$771	$545,468	$1,195,134	17
4	Lightning	Relatively Moderate	Relatively Moderate	$35,129	n/a	$489,286	$524,414	4
5	Cold Wave	Relatively Low	Relatively Low	$4,307	$39,287	$421,338	$464,932	0	No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).
6	Heat Wave	Relatively Low	Relatively Low	$20	$563	$368,615	$369,198	3
7	Strong Wind	Relatively Low	Relatively Low	$92,562	$43,161	$73,094	$208,817	114	Includes 1 Strong Wind record (a NOAA non-thunderstorm wind type, outside NRI's Strong Wind definition).
8	Drought	Relatively Low	Relatively Low	n/a	$202,583	n/a	$202,583	2
9	Earthquake	Very Low	Very Low	$134,691	n/a	$61,464	$196,154		Storm Events does not record earthquakes.
10	Hail	Very Low	Very Low	$28,577	$2,404	$17,887	$48,868	65
11	Wildfire	Very Low	Very Low	$14,849	$44	$4,909	$19,801	1
12	Winter Weather	Very Low	Relatively Low	$1,909	$41	$12,392	$14,342	9	Includes 2 Sleet records (outside NRI's Winter Weather definition).
13	Ice Storm	Very Low	Very Low	$5,350	n/a	$1,398	$6,748	0	No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).
14	Landslide	Very Low	Very Low	$1,405	n/a	$58	$1,463	0	No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).
15	Coastal Flooding	Very Low	Very Low	$48	n/a	$9	$57	0	No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).

Total = buildings + agriculture + population equivalence; FEMA values each expected death (or 10 injuries) at $13.7 million (2024 dollars).

NRI risk rating combines expected annual loss with social vulnerability and community resilience; EAL rating rates expected annual loss alone. Both compare this county with all U.S. counties.

Local data needed: state and local landslide records (Storm Events records this hazard only in part).

Not applicable to this county per NRI, with no federal declaration and no Storm Events record since 1996: avalanche, tsunami and volcanic activity. That is the evidence for leaving them out of the plan.

The state hazard mitigation plan also lists hazards for this county; FEMA asks the plan to explain any hazard it leaves out.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-b: hazard location

Affects the whole county (national data give no location within it): Cold Wave, Drought, Hail, Heat Wave, Ice Storm, Lightning, Strong Wind and Winter Weather.

Coastal Flooding and Inland Flooding: The FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) is the required location source for flooding. See the FEMA Flood Map Service Center (https://msc.fema.gov) for this county.

Hazards that vary within the county: highest-rated census tracts

Source: 5

Hazard	Highest-rated census tractsNRI risk rating, score 0 to 100
Earthquake	tract 761.02 (Relatively Low, 63.2); tract 760 (Relatively Low, 62.3); tract 759.01 (Relatively Low, 60.6)
Hurricane	tract 759.01 (Relatively High, 94.4); tract 760 (Relatively High, 94.1); tract 761.02 (Relatively High, 93.0)
Landslide	tract 757 (Relatively Low, 90.6); tract 759.01 (Relatively Low, 89.5); tract 758 (Relatively Low, 88.5)
Tornado	tract 759.01 (Relatively High, 84.9); tract 761.02 (Relatively High, 81.8); tract 760 (Relatively High, 81.4)
Wildfire	tract 762 (Relatively Low, 81.0); tract 761.02 (Relatively Low, 79.9); tract 759.01 (Relatively Low, 77.4)

Up to 3 census tracts per hazard, highest National Risk Index rating first, then highest score; a tract number is the Census tract number (for example 761.02 is Census Tract 761.02). FEMA's Resilience Analysis and Planning Tool maps the National Risk Index for every tract: https://www.fema.gov/emergency-managers/practitioners/resilience-analysis-and-planning-tool

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-c: hazard extent

Extent: scale, observed range and worst recorded event per hazard

Sources: 6, 7

Hazard	Scale	Recordscount and years	Observed range	Worst recorded event	Most damaging (when different)	How it applies to jurisdictions	Note
Coastal Flood, Storm Surge/Tide	none in data (flood depth: FIRM)	0					Flood depth: see the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map.
Cold/Wind Chill, Extreme Cold/Wind Chill	wind chill	0
Frost/Freeze (outside NRI's Cold Wave definition)	crop damage	0
Drought	U.S. Drought Monitor scale (D0 to D4)	2 records, 2016 (2 zone-level)	61 days; 1 with a recorded value	61 days (2 months), 2016-11-01 to 2016-12-31, a run of 2 consecutive Storm Events drought records, zone-level		Countywide (zone-level records).	Storm Events enters a drought at D2 or worse east of the Rockies and D3 or worse from the Rockies west (NWS Instruction 10-1605); NRI drought counts D3 and D4 only.
Earthquake	Modified Mercalli (local data)	0					Storm Events does not record earthquakes; the USGS earthquake catalog is the source.
Hail	hail size (inches)	82 records, 1968 to 2025	0.5 in to 2.75 in (median 1 in); 82 with a recorded value	2.75 in hail, 2021-04-24; same size also recorded on 1998-04-17, 1998-05-03	Hail, 1998-05-03, $50,000 property; $30,000 crops (1998 dollars)	Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Monroeville city (15 records), Frisco City town (5 records), Excel town (3 records), Beatrice town (1 record).
Excessive Heat, Heat	heat index (in event narratives)	3 records, 2000 to 2007 (3 zone-level)	1 day to 31 days (median 7 days); 3 with a recorded value	July 2000 (1 monthly summary record), zone-level		Countywide (zone-level records).
Hurricane, Tropical Storm, Tropical Depression	Saffir-Simpson	9 records, 1998 to 2020 (9 zone-level)		Strongest recorded: Hurricane record (NOAA event type 'Hurricane (Typhoon)'), 1998-09-25 to 1998-09-29, $200,000 property; crops not reported (1998 dollars); NWS zone ALZ055		Countywide (zone-level records).	Storm Events files every zone of a storm's episode under the storm's type; flooding from the storm is filed as Flood or Flash Flood records.
Ice Storm	Sperry-Piltz ice scale (local data)	0
Flash Flood, Flood, Lakeshore Flood	damage and flood days (flood depth: FIRM)	27 records, 1996 to 2023		Flood, 2015-12-24, $275,000 property; $0 crops (2015 dollars)		Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Monroeville city (5 records), Frisco City town (3 records), Excel town (2 records), Vredenburgh town (2 records).	Flood depth: see the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map. Storm Events damage is often $0 or blank for floods, major ones included; FEMA Public Assistance by declaration (B1-d) shows which floods cost the most.
Debris Flow	none (count and damage only)	0
Lightning	annualized frequency (the measure FEMA's Local Mitigation Planning Handbook names)	4 records, 1997 to 2012		Lightning, 2007-08-07, $0 property; $0 crops (2007 dollars), 1 direct death	Lightning, 2001-03-12, $500,000 property; crops not reported (2001 dollars)	Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Beatrice town (1 record), Frisco City town (1 record), Monroeville city (1 record).	Storm Events lists lightning with damage or casualties.
High Wind and Strong Wind (outside NRI's Strong Wind definition)	wind speed (kt and mph)	1 record, 2008 (1 zone-level)	39 kt (45 mph); 1 with a recorded value	39 kt (45 mph) estimated gust, Strong Wind, 2008-01-29; NWS zone ALZ055		Countywide (zone-level records).
Thunderstorm Wind	wind speed (kt and mph)	150 records, 1969 to 2026	50 kt (58 mph) to 87 kt (100 mph) (median 52 kt (60 mph)); 115 with a recorded value	87 kt (100 mph) estimated gust, Thunderstorm Wind, 2024-05-10; same speed and measurement basis also recorded on 2007-04-14	Thunderstorm Wind, 2007-04-14, $0 property; $1,000,000 crops (2007 dollars)	Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Monroeville city (33 records), Frisco City town (16 records), Excel town (13 records), Beatrice town (3 records), Vredenburgh town (3 records).
Tornado	Enhanced Fujita (Fujita before Feb 2007)	28 records, 1956 to 2024	F/EF0 to F/EF4 (median F/EF1); 28 with a recorded value	F4 tornado, 1971-04-23, 25.4 mi path length (whole path, pre-1996), 300 yd wide, $25,000 property; crops not recorded (1971 dollars)	Tornado, 1978-04-18, $2,500,000 property; crops not recorded (1978 dollars)	Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Monroeville city (2 records), Vredenburgh town (2 records), Beatrice town (1 record), Excel town (1 record).	Before 1996 a tornado is listed once, under the county where it began, with its whole path's rating and length; from 1996 on, each county lists its own segment. Length is not used to rank tornadoes (see Methods).
Wildfire	acres burned (local data)	1 record, 2000		No damage reported in 1 record.		No event record names a jurisdiction in the plan.
Winter Storm, Heavy Snow, Blizzard, Lake-Effect Snow, Winter Weather, Sleet	none in data (snowfall: local data)	9 records, 2000 to 2025 (9 zone-level)		No damage reported in 9 records.		Countywide (zone-level records).

In event narratives only (local data needed): wind chill, temperature, heat index, ice thickness, acres burned and snow depth; any physical measure of debris flow and lightning.

Storm Events records are more complete after 1996; before 1996 only Tornado (from 1950), Hail and Thunderstorm Wind (from 1955) exist. Zone-level records from zones that no NWS zone-county file places in this county (mostly before 2020) are not counted here (the Methods page explains the zone matching).

Dollars are nominal (as reported), labeled with the year; not adjusted for inflation.

A monthly summary record covers most or all of a month; it does not count days at wave conditions.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-d: previous occurrences

Federal declarations for this county: 26 declarations covering 20 separate hazard incidents counted in this packet (declarations for the same incident count once; non-natural and evacuation-only declarations are not counted).

Federal disaster declarations for this county

Sources: 1, 2, 3

Declared	Incident began	FEMA number	Type	Title	Mapped hazard	County Public Assistancefederal share obligated, nominal dollars	Flags	Notes
2024-09-26	2024-09-22	EM-3618-AL	Emergency	Hurricane Helene	Hurricane (primary); also designated: Tornado	no Public Assistance recorded	new since last plan; within last 5 years
2020-12-10	2020-10-28	DR-4573-AL	Major disaster	Hurricane Zeta	Hurricane	$48,049.88	in the 12 months before plan approval
2020-09-20	2020-09-14	DR-4563-AL	Major disaster	Hurricane Sally	Hurricane	$58,708.12	in the 12 months before plan approval
2020-09-14	2020-09-14	EM-3545-AL	Emergency	Hurricane Sally	Hurricane	no Public Assistance recorded	in the 12 months before plan approval	same incident as DR-4563
2020-03-29	2020-01-20	DR-4503-AL	Major disaster	COVID-19 Pandemic	Non-natural, not counted	no Public Assistance recorded
2020-03-13	2020-01-20	EM-3472-AL	Emergency	COVID-19	Non-natural, not counted	no Public Assistance recorded		same incident as DR-4503
2017-10-08	2017-10-06	EM-3394-AL	Emergency	Hurricane Nate	Hurricane	no Public Assistance recorded
2017-09-11	2017-09-08	EM-3389-AL	Emergency	Hurricane Irma	Hurricane	no Public Assistance recorded
2016-01-21	2015-12-23	DR-4251-AL	Major disaster	Severe Storms, Tornadoes, Straight-Line Winds, and Flooding	Inland Flooding; Strong Wind; Tornado	$182,711.83
2012-09-21	2012-08-26	DR-4082-AL	Major disaster	Hurricane Isaac	Hurricane	$105,741.40
2011-04-28	2011-04-15	DR-1971-AL	Major disaster	Severe Storms, Tornadoes, Straight-Line Winds, and Flooding	Inland Flooding; Strong Wind; Tornado	$10,143.13
2011-04-27	2011-04-27	EM-3319-AL	Emergency	Severe Storms, Tornadoes, and Straight-Line Winds	Strong Wind; Tornado	no Public Assistance recorded		same incident as DR-1971
2008-08-30	2008-08-29	EM-3292-AL	Emergency	Hurricane Gustav	Hurricane	no Public Assistance recorded
2005-09-10	2005-08-29	EM-3237-AL	Emergency	Hurricane Katrina Evacuation	Hurricane: evacuation support, not a local hazard event; not counted	no Public Assistance recorded		same incident as DR-1605
2005-08-29	2005-08-29	DR-1605-AL	Major disaster	Hurricane Katrina	Hurricane	$11,389.18
2005-07-10	2005-07-10	DR-1593-AL	Major disaster	Hurricane Dennis	Hurricane	$173,839.22
2004-09-15	2004-09-13	DR-1549-AL	Major disaster	Hurricane Ivan	Hurricane	$622,005.60
2003-05-12	2003-05-05	DR-1466-AL	Major disaster	Severe Storms, Tornadoes, and Flooding	Inland Flooding; Tornado	PA not declared for this county
1998-09-30	1998-09-25	DR-1250-AL	Major disaster	Hurricane Georges - 18 Sep 98	Hurricane	no Public Assistance recorded
1998-09-28	1998-09-28	EM-3133-AL	Emergency	Hurricane Georges	Hurricane	no Public Assistance recorded		same incident as DR-1250
1993-03-15	1993-03-13	EM-3096-AL	Emergency	Severe Snowfall, Winter Storm	Winter Weather	no Public Assistance recorded
1990-03-21	1990-03-15	DR-861-AL	Major disaster	Severe Storms, Tornadoes & Flooding	Inland Flooding; Tornado	no Public Assistance recorded
1979-09-13	1979-09-13	DR-598-AL	Major disaster	Hurricane Frederic	Hurricane	no Public Assistance recorded
1978-04-24	1978-04-24	EM-3064-AL	Emergency	Tornadoes	Tornado	PA not declared for this county
1977-07-20	1977-07-20	EM-3045-AL	Emergency	Drought	Drought	no Public Assistance recorded
1975-04-23	1975-04-23	DR-464-AL	Major disaster	Severe Storms & Flooding	Inland Flooding	no Public Assistance recorded

County Public Assistance: applicants the FEMA record places in this county, including any state agencies FEMA files there; statewide rows are listed on the state page; federal share obligated, nominal dollars.

Statewide declarations

Source: 2

Declared	Incident began	FEMA number	Type	Title	Mapped hazard
1961-02-27	1961-02-27	DR-109-AL	Major disaster	Floods	Inland Flooding

FEMA recorded these with designated area Statewide and no county, so they are listed on every county page in the state and not counted with county rows. Local data needed: whether each one affected this county.

Previous occurrences by hazard, with explicit no-event rows

Sources: 2, 6, 7

Hazard	Storm Events records, all years on file(years in the Period column)	Since plan approvalrecords	In the 12 months before plan approvalrecords	Last 5 yearsrecords	Declared incidents, all yearsseparate disasters	Declared since approvalseparate disasters	Period	Statement
Coastal Flooding	0	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Cold Wave	0	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Drought	2	0	0	0	1	0	1996 to 2026-06-30
Earthquake	0	0	0	0	0	0		Storm Events does not record earthquakes; the USGS earthquake catalog is the source.
Hail	82	11	5	11	0	0	1955 to 2026-06-30
Heat Wave	3	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30
Hurricane	9	0	2	0	12	1	1996 to 2026-06-30
Ice Storm	0	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Inland Flooding	27	7	0	7	5	0	1996 to 2026-06-30
Landslide	0	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Lightning	4	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30
Strong Wind	151	11	7	11	2	0	1955 to 2026-06-30	Includes 1 Strong Wind record.
Tornado	28	4	0	4	6	1	1950 to 2026-06-30
Wildfire	1	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30
Winter Weather	9	1	0	1	1	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	Includes 2 Sleet records.

Notable Storm Events records

Sources: 1, 6, 7

Date	Event type	Magnitude or extent	Damagenominal dollars	Deaths, injuriesdirect only	Location	Flags	Why listed
2024-05-10	Thunderstorm Wind	87 kt (100 mph) estimated gust	damage not reported	0, 0	VREDENBURGH	new since last plan; within last 5 years	B1-c worst recorded: Thunderstorm Wind
2021-04-24	Hail	2.75 in	$0 property; $0 crops (2021 dollars)	0, 0	MEXIA	in the 12 months before plan approval	B1-c worst recorded: Hail
2016-11-01	Drought		$0 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2016 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone ALZ055 (MONROE), zone-level		B1-c worst recorded: Drought
2015-12-24	Flood		$275,000 property; $0 crops (2015 dollars)	0, 0	DEER to FRISCO CITY		B1-c worst recorded: Flash Flood, Flood, Lakeshore Flood
2008-01-29	Strong Wind	39 kt (45 mph) estimated gust	$10,000 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2008 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone ALZ055 (MONROE), zone-level		B1-c worst recorded: High Wind and Strong Wind
2007-08-07	Lightning		$0 property; $0 crops (2007 dollars)	1, 0	FRANKLIN		deaths or injuries recorded
2001-03-12	Lightning		$500,000 property; crops not reported (2001 dollars)	0, 0	BEATRICE		B1-c most damaging: Lightning
2000-07-01	Heat		damage not reported	0, 0	NWS zone ALZ055 (MONROE), zone-level		B1-c worst recorded: Excessive Heat, Heat
1998-09-25	Hurricane (NOAA event type 'Hurricane (Typhoon)')		$200,000 property; crops not reported (zone total, 1998 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone ALZ055 (MONROE), zone-level		B1-c worst recorded: Hurricane, Tropical Storm, Tropical Depression
1996-03-18	Tornado	F2, 11 mi within this county, 200 yd wide	$150,000 property; crops not reported (1996 dollars)	0, 5	CLAIBORNE to VREDENBURGH		deaths or injuries recorded
1978-04-18	Tornado	F3, 10.5 mi path length (whole path, pre-1996), 220 yd wide	$2,500,000 property; crops not recorded (1978 dollars)	0, 30	location not recorded		deaths or injuries recorded
1971-04-23	Tornado	F4, 25.4 mi path length (whole path, pre-1996), 300 yd wide	$25,000 property; crops not recorded (1971 dollars)	0, 0	location not recorded		B1-c worst recorded: Tornado

The full list is in the Excel file, sheet "B1-d Storm Events history" (316 rows).

Location is the place NOAA recorded, as written in its data; it need not be a jurisdiction in this plan.

Local data needed: state-declared emergencies, from your state emergency management agency (federal data do not include them).

Tribal and special-area declarations in this state are listed on the state page.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-e: probability of future events

Probability: FEMA annualized frequency and descriptor per hazard

Sources: 5, 6

Hazard	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)unit per row	Unit	In plain terms	Descriptor	Descriptor basis	NRI events or days in its record period (hail, wind and tornado are area-weighted, so can be fractional)	NRI period	Location	Note
Coastal Flooding	0.01	events per year at a location (modeled)	about 0.01 per year at a given location in the county		Storm Events records in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%)	not shown	modeled	see B1-f	No descriptor: no Storm Events record 1996 to 2025
Cold Wave	1.11	event-days per year	about 1.11 days per year		Storm Events event-days in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%)	21	2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years)	countywide	No Storm Events cold wave record, 1996 to 2025.
Drought	15.2	event-days per year	about 15.2 days per year	Possible	Storm Events event-days in 1 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (3.33%)	560	2000 to 2025 (25.25 years; D3 and D4 only)	countywide
Earthquake	0.00153	annual probability at a location	chance a given location in the county has at least minor-damage shaking in a year: 0.153%			not shown	modeled	see B1-f	No descriptor (Storm Events does not record earthquakes).
Hail	1.68	events per year	about 1.68 per year	Highly likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	63.9 (modeled)	1986 to 2023 (38 years)	countywide
Heat Wave	7.28	event-days per year	about 7.28 days per year	Possible	Storm Events event-days in 2 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (6.67%)	119	2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years)	countywide
Hurricane	0.14	events per year	about 1 in 7 years	Likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	56	1851 to 2024 (Atlantic)	see B1-f	NRI counts hurricane and tropical storm tracks passing within storm-force wind range; federal declarations are in B1-d.
Ice Storm	0.179	event-days per year	about 0.179 days per year		Storm Events event-days in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%)	13	1946-12-31 to 2014-02-12 (67 years)	countywide	No Storm Events ice storm record, 1996 to 2025
Inland Flooding	0.786	event-days per year	about 0.786 days per year	Likely	Storm Events event-days in 16 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (53.3%)	22	1996 to 2023 (28 years)	see B1-f
Landslide	0.609	events per year (modeled)	about 0.61 per year	Likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	not shown	modeled	see B1-f
Lightning	76.7	days per year with a strike	about 76.7 days per year	Highly likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	not shown	1995 to 2023 (29 years; CONUS)	countywide
Strong Wind	1.97	events per year	about 1.97 per year	Highly likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	75	1986 to 2023 (38 years)	countywide
Tornado	0.666	events per year	about 0.67 per year	Likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	not shown	1950 to 2023 (EF2+); 1986 to 2023 (EF0-1)	see B1-f
Wildfire	0.00113	annual probability at a location	chance a given location in the county burns in a year: 0.113%	Possible	Storm Events records in 1 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (3.33%)	not shown	modeled	see B1-f
Winter Weather	1.16	event-days per year	about 1.16 days per year	Likely	Storm Events event-days in 8 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (26.7%)	22	2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years)	countywide

FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) is the National Risk Index v1.20 (December 2025) estimate of how often a hazard affects this county in a year; it is not recorded events divided by years, and its unit differs by hazard (events, event-days, or days with a lightning strike per year). For earthquake, wildfire, coastal flooding and tsunami the value is the chance (or number of events) at a location in the county, not across the county, so no "1 in N years" is given and the descriptor comes from Storm Events where it has a record (none for earthquake). The Methods page gives each hazard's method, from FEMA's National Risk Index Technical Documentation v1.20.

Where NRI gives event-days, the descriptor comes from the share of years with a Storm Events record; NRI's source records more events, so the two differ.

Descriptor scale used in this packet (defined per unit)

Sources: 5, 6

Unit	Descriptor	Definition
events per year	Highly likely	1 or more per year
events per year	Likely	about once in 1 to 10 years
events per year	Possible	about once in 10 to 100 years
events per year	Unlikely	less than once in 100 years
annual probability	Likely	10% to under 100% chance in a given year
annual probability	Possible	1% to under 10% chance in a given year
annual probability	Unlikely	under 1% chance in a given year
event-days (share of years)	Highly likely	event-days recorded in 90% or more of years
event-days (share of years)	Likely	event-days recorded in 10% to under 90% of years
event-days (share of years)	Possible	event-days recorded in some years but under 10% of years
lightning strike-days	Highly likely	cloud-to-ground strikes on 1 or more days per year

Intensity bands: historical frequency (Storm Events)

Source: 6

Hazard	Band	Years	Eventscounty-coded records	Years in period	Events per yearevents / years
Hail	1.00-1.99 in	1996 to 2025	29	30	0.967
Hail	2.00 in+	1996 to 2025	6	30	0.2
Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind)	50-64 kt	1996 to 2025	107	30	3.57
Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind)	65 kt+	1996 to 2025	5	30	0.167
Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind)	unmeasured or below 50 kt	1996 to 2025	0	30	0
Tornado	EF0-1	1996 to 2025	12	30	0.4
Tornado	EF2-3	1996 to 2025	5	30	0.167
Tornado	EF4-5	1996 to 2025	0	30	0
Tornado	unrated (EFU)	1996 to 2025	0	30	0

The bands show how often events of each severity were recorded in this county, to profile how severe events have been (FEMA's probability item asks for the range of intensities).

Hail smaller than 1 inch is not counted: on 2010-01-05 the National Weather Service raised its severe-hail threshold from 3/4 inch to 1 inch, so smaller reports became less common after 2009 (NWS Service Change Notice 09-52). NRI hail frequency uses a 0.75 inch threshold.

Optional: future conditions. Not a required item in the 2025 FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Policy Guide; some states ask for it. The federal Climate Mapping for Resilience and Adaptation (CMRA) site gives county exposure to future climate conditions (https://resilience.climate.gov/).

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-f: hazards that vary across jurisdictions

Range of census tract risk within the county

Source: 5

Hazard	Tractsrated of all	NRI risk score, 0 to 100			Tracts by rating
Hazard	Tractsrated of all	Min	Median	Max	Tracts by rating
Coastal Flooding	1 of 9	72.4	72.4	72.4	Very Low 1, No Rating 8
Cold Wave	9 of 9	37.2	53.9	72.0	Relatively Moderate 6, Relatively Low 3
Drought	9 of 9	73.8	88.6	95.4	Relatively Moderate 3, Relatively Low 5, Very Low 1
Earthquake	9 of 9	28.2	43.4	63.2	Relatively Low 5, Very Low 4
Hail	9 of 9	35.2	46.8	60.5	Relatively Low 7, Very Low 2
Heat Wave	9 of 9	33.9	52.9	78.2	Relatively Moderate 4, Relatively Low 5
Hurricane	9 of 9	84.1	89.2	94.4	Relatively High 4, Relatively Moderate 5
Ice Storm	9 of 9	7.0	13.5	20.8	Very Low 9
Inland Flooding	9 of 9	14.2	45.3	65.8	Relatively Moderate 4, Relatively Low 4, Very Low 1
Landslide	9 of 9	66.1	80.4	90.6	Relatively Low 4, Very Low 5
Lightning	9 of 9	83.0	94.4	99.1	Very High 4, Relatively High 5
Strong Wind	9 of 9	36.0	69.0	79.7	Relatively Moderate 6, Relatively Low 3
Tornado	9 of 9	55.7	65.1	84.9	Relatively High 4, Relatively Moderate 5
Wildfire	9 of 9	48.6	73.8	81.0	Relatively Low 7, Very Low 2
Winter Weather	9 of 9	30.9	40.0	58.2	Relatively Moderate 4, Relatively Low 5

Drought: Agriculture is all of NRI's expected annual loss for this hazard in the county, so the tract range mostly reflects where crop and livestock value is.

Rated tracts only: No Rating (score 0.0), Not Applicable and Insufficient Data tracts are counted but not used for the minimum, median and maximum.

The score ranks a tract against all U.S. tracts (100 = highest). The rating is FEMA's category for the tract's risk value, computed differently, so the two can disagree.

Frequency data for cold wave, drought, hail, heat wave, ice storm, lightning, strong wind and winter weather are county-wide or coarse (49 km grid or NWS zone), the same for every jurisdiction; the tract range mostly reflects where buildings and people are (crop and livestock value where a line above names agriculture).

Each jurisdiction (starting figures from federal data)

Sources: 1, 3, 4, 6

Jurisdiction	Type	Plan status	Repetitive lossFMA RL and SRL (44 CFR 77.2); repeat-flood, any definition	Public Assistance to this jurisdictionFEMA records matched by applicant name; federal share obligated, nominal dollars	Event records naming this placeall years; since its plan
Monroe County (unincorporated area)	Unincorporated	Expired on 2026-05-10	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 2	$780,689.35	0 total; 0 since its plan
Beatrice town	Town	Expired on 2026-05-10	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$7,816.72	6 total; 0 since its plan
Excel town	Town	Expired on 2026-05-10	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$36,519.07	19 total; 1 since its plan
Frisco City town	Town	Expired on 2026-05-10	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$11,225.68	25 total; 1 since its plan
Monroeville city	City	Expired on 2026-05-10	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$237,377.31	56 total; 5 since its plan
Vredenburgh town	Town	Expired on 2026-05-10	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$2,888.81	7 total; 2 since its plan

Repetitive-loss counts are for whole NFIP communities, which can extend beyond this county (see the note in B2-c).

County Public Assistance in B1-d also includes applicants filed under the county that are not jurisdictions in this plan (for example state agencies, special districts and nonprofits), so the jurisdiction rows add up to less.

Supports FEMA checklist items B2-a and B2-b: vulnerability and potential impacts

Local data needed

The table below gives county-level starting figures; the plan describes impacts for each jurisdiction and its own assets.

Critical facilities and lifelines per hazard
A problem statement per jurisdiction per hazard
Changes in development in hazard-prone areas since the last approval, or a statement of none (E1-a)
Future assets

County-level starter: exposure, expected annual loss and damage since the plan

Sources: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7

Hazard	Building exposuremodeled dollars	Agriculture exposuremodeled dollars	Population exposedpeople	EAL buildingsmodeled dollars per year	EAL agriculturemodeled dollars per year	Cost of expected deaths and injuriesFEMA's dollar value per year, not property damage	EAL as % of exposurebuildings; agriculture where noted	Storm Events damage since 2021-05-11county-coded records, property plus crops, nominal dollars	Zone-level damage since planproperty plus crops, reported for the zone	Public Assistance since plannominal dollars; see note	Note
Coastal Flooding	$2,366,021	n/a	16	$48	n/a	$9	0.00202%
Cold Wave	$4,164,483,775	$45,639,704	19,743	$4,307	$39,287	$421,338	0.000103%
Drought	n/a	$22,048,283	n/a	n/a	$202,583	n/a	0.919% (agriculture)				NRI has no building exposure for this hazard; agriculture shown
Earthquake	$7,413,203,893	n/a	19,772	$134,691	n/a	$61,464	0.00182%
Hail	$4,164,483,775	$45,639,704	19,743	$28,577	$2,404	$17,887	0.000686%	$0
Heat Wave	$4,164,483,775	$45,639,704	19,743	$20	$563	$368,615	under 0.0001%
Hurricane	$4,164,483,775	$45,639,704	19,743	$3,331,975	$193,264	$97,738	0.08%			no Public Assistance recorded (1 declaration)
Ice Storm	$4,153,629,494	n/a	19,702	$5,350	n/a	$1,398	0.000129%
Inland Flooding	$4,163,731,271	$1,484,125	115	$3,438,876	$12,155	$1,938	n/a (see note)	$100,000			NRI counts the full building value of any census block with some flood loss; this is not the value of buildings in the floodplain. Use local FIRM overlays for B2-a/B2-b.
Landslide	$42,259,273	n/a	247	$1,405	n/a	$58	0.00333%
Lightning	$4,164,483,775	n/a	19,743	$35,129	n/a	$489,286	0.000844%
Strong Wind	$4,164,483,775	$45,639,704	19,743	$92,562	$43,161	$73,094	0.00222%	$0
Tornado	$4,164,483,775	$45,639,704	19,743	$648,895	$771	$545,468	0.0156%	$0		no Public Assistance recorded (1 declaration)
Wildfire	$214,107,813	$5,152,465	3,219	$14,849	$44	$4,909	0.00694%
Winter Weather	$4,164,483,775	$45,639,704	19,743	$1,909	$41	$12,392	under 0.0001%		$0

Totals since 2021-05-11 (Storm Events through 2026-06-30): 33 county-coded records, 28 with a damage value recorded (including $0), $100,000; 1 zone-level records, 1 with a damage value recorded (including $0), $0 reported for the zone; Public Assistance: none recorded on the 1 counted declaration.

FEMA does not split Public Assistance by hazard. A declaration mapped to several hazards is listed under each of them with its full amount, so the per-hazard column does not add up to the total; the unit total counts each declaration once.

NRI computes earthquake exposure on its own basis, so it exceeds the county building value in B2-a.

Supports FEMA checklist item B2-a: vulnerability (county context)

County context

Source: 5

Measure	Value
Population	19,743
Building value (total, not at risk)	$4,164,483,775
Agriculture value (total, not at risk)	$45,639,704
NRI risk rating (all hazards)	Relatively Low
Expected annual loss, buildings and agriculture, all hazards	$8,232,864
Expected annual loss, population equivalence, all hazards (NRI values each statistical life at $13.7M; a modeled value of expected deaths and injuries, not property damage)	$2,095,594
Social vulnerability rating	Very High
Community resilience rating	Relatively Low
NRI version	December 2025

FEMA's all-hazard expected annual loss adds buildings, agriculture and population equivalence; this table gives the property part and the population-equivalence part as separate rows.

Social vulnerability: higher means people are more likely to be harmed and slower to recover. Community resilience: lower means the community is less able to recover. High social vulnerability and low resilience both raise the NRI risk rating.

Supports FEMA checklist item B2-c: repetitive loss properties

Repetitive loss in this county, both definitions

Sources: 1, 4

Definition	Properties	Severe repetitive loss	Properties
Repetitive loss, FMA definition (44 CFR 77.2)	0	Severe repetitive loss, FMA definition (44 CFR 77.2)	0
Repetitive loss, NFIP insurance definition	2	Severe repetitive loss, NFIP insurance definition	0

The state NFIP coordinator's list, the source FEMA's Handbook names, often uses the NFIP insurance definition (second row).

Repeat-flood properties: county and state-level rows

Sources: 1, 4

Scope	RL, NFIPproperties	Any categoryproperties
County total	2	2
of which: Monroe County (unincorporated area)	2	2
Statewide, no county in FEMA's file	3	3

The statewide row counts properties FEMA's file gives with no county in this state; they are listed for reference and are not in this county's counts.

Repeat-flood properties by jurisdiction in the plan (NFIP community)

Sources: 1, 4

Jurisdiction	NFIP community ID	RL, NFIPproperties	Any categoryproperties
Monroe County (unincorporated area)	010325	2	2
Beatrice town	010460	0	0
Excel town	010461	0	0
Frisco City town	010462	0	0
Monroeville city	010173	0	0
Vredenburgh town	010463	0	0

Counts by occupancy group for each jurisdiction are in the Excel file, sheet "B2-c Jurisdictions".

Jurisdiction rows are whole NFIP communities and need not add up to the county total: a community that extends into another county is counted in full on each jurisdiction row, while the county table counts only its part in this county.

County repeat-flood properties by occupancy group

Sources: 1, 4

Occupancy group	RL, NFIPproperties	Any categoryproperties
single-family residential	2	2
2 to 4 unit residential	0	0
other residential	0	0
non-residential	0	0
not reported	0	0

FEMA's occupancy groups have no institutional class; institutional properties are counted in non-residential or other residential in the table by occupancy group.

FMA RL and FMA SRL are the Flood Mitigation Assistance definitions (44 CFR 77.2), the ones the FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Policy Guide cites. NFIP repetitive loss (the FEMA insurance definition) is 2 or more claims over $1,000 in 10 years, and a property can leave that group once it is mitigated. Also shown: NFIP severe repetitive loss, any category, mitigated and currently insured. The Methods page gives the OpenFEMA field details.

Counts are aggregates of FEMA's public NFIP Multiple Loss Properties file (FEMA's data date 2026-08-02; file version 2026-08-04). No property is identified. County assignment is FEMA's geocode.

In this county 0 properties are FMA repetitive loss but not NFIP repetitive loss, and 2 properties are NFIP repetitive loss but not FMA repetitive loss.

Exact counts; no count suppression.

Sources

Tables cite these sources by number. The full list, for the plan's bibliography (FEMA review item A4-a):

FEMA, OpenFEMA HazardMitigationPlanStatuses v1, version 2026-09-29T134039Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/HazardMitigationPlanStatuses (API)
FEMA, OpenFEMA DisasterDeclarationsSummaries v2, version 2026-09-29T162832Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v2/DisasterDeclarationsSummaries (API)
FEMA, OpenFEMA PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries v1, version 2026-09-29T150754Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries (API)
FEMA, OpenFEMA NfipMultipleLossProperties v1, version 2026-08-04T164045Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/NfipMultipleLossProperties (API)
FEMA, FEMA National Risk Index 1.20.0 (December 2025), county and census tract tables, version 1.20.0, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_Counties.zip (download, 25 MB), https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_CensusTracts.zip (download, 635 MB)
NOAA NCEI, NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, details files (csvfiles v1.0), version c20260918, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/swdi/stormevents/csvfiles/
NOAA National Weather Service, NWS county-public forecast zones correlation file, version bp03mr20 to bp16ap26 (11 files; newest bp16ap26), pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.weather.gov/gis/ZoneCounty
U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2024 Gazetteer, 2020 place by county, CT county-to-cousub crosswalk, version 2024-gazetteer, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_counties_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_cousubs_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_place_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_unsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_elsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_scsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/reference/codes2020/national_place_by_county2020.txt, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/reference/ct_change/ct_cou_to_cousub_crosswalk.xlsx (used to match place names and codes; no table prints its values)

What this packet is and what the plan adds

This packet is the federal data for the plan's risk assessment (the summary on page 1 says how it is organized); the plan and FEMA's review decide whether each item is met.

The plan adds what only the community has: local data on assets, critical facilities, development and each jurisdiction's impacts; local hazard history, including state-declared emergencies; the mitigation strategy; and adoption.

How the federal data are built: National Risk Index values are FEMA's model, not counts of events. Storm Events is more complete from 1996; zone-level records are placed by forecast zone, not by location in the county. Public Assistance for a jurisdiction is matched by applicant name. The Methods page gives every rule and the known edge cases.

OpenFEMA disclaimer

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

Reuse, citation and corrections

Reuse and citation: Hazard Plain text and tables are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); credit Hazard Plain and the release. The underlying federal data are public domain; OpenFEMA data are also subject to the OpenFEMA terms and conditions.

Cite this: Hazard Plain (2026). Monroe County, AL: risk-assessment baseline packet, release 2026-10 (data as of 2026-09-30; County FIPS 01099). Automated baseline. https://hazardplain.org/al/01099/ Built from FEMA OpenFEMA, the FEMA National Risk Index and NOAA NCEI Storm Events; source versions in the packet's Sources list.

Corrections: to report an error, name the packet, the table and what your records show. Contact: contact@hazardplain.org