Bolton town, VT: risk-assessment baseline packet, release 2026-10

Summary

Plan status as of 2026-09-30: Approved, expires 2027-11-10. Plan: 2022 Chittenden County All Hazards Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 108641), approved 2022-11-11.

Sections B1-a, B1-b, B1-c, B1-d, B1-e, B2-a and B2-b use Chittenden County data (county FIPS 50007; each heading says so); the plan clock, B1-f and B2-c are for Bolton town.

Since the plan was approved on 2022-11-11: 6 new hazard declarations (5 incidents) and 89 NOAA Storm Events records (county-level); details under "What changed since your last plan".

Highest expected annual loss (FEMA National Risk Index, modeled total; see B1-a): Inland Flooding ($28,797,704 a year), Earthquake ($2,147,955) and Heat Wave ($1,797,421).

The tables that follow are organized by the items of FEMA's Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool, Element B (B1-a to B2-c); each heading says which item its tables support.

Terms used

EAL:: expected annual loss: FEMA's modeled average yearly loss from a hazard.
NRI:: FEMA's National Risk Index (version 1.20, December 2025).
NFIP:: National Flood Insurance Program.
RL, SRL:: repetitive loss and severe repetitive loss: flood-insured properties with repeated claims (definitions in B2-c).
FMA, HMGP:: Flood Mitigation Assistance and Hazard Mitigation Grant Program, FEMA mitigation grants.
PA:: FEMA Public Assistance: disaster aid to governments and some nonprofits.
Zone-level:: NOAA logged the event for a National Weather Service forecast zone, which may include parts of neighboring counties.
County-coded:: NOAA logged the event to this county.
FIPS:: the federal code for a place; 5000706550 is this town.
D0 to D4:: U.S. Drought Monitor categories, from abnormally dry (D0) to exceptional drought (D4).
F/EF, EFU:: Fujita and Enhanced Fujita tornado ratings; EFU is an unrated tornado.
kt, CONUS:: knots (1 kt is about 1.15 mph); the contiguous United States.
CFR:: Code of Federal Regulations.
A4-a, E1-a:: other items of FEMA's Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool (sources, and changes since the last plan).
Dollars:: nominal (as reported, labeled with the year), not adjusted for inflation.

Plan clock

Status:: Approved, expires 2027-11-10
Plan:: 2022 Chittenden County All Hazards Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 108641)
Approved:: 2022-11-11
Days to expiry:: 406

What changed since your last plan (approved 2022-11-11)

New federal declarations:: 6 new hazard declarations (5 incidents): DR-4695-VT (Severe Storm and Flooding), EM-3595-VT (Flooding), DR-4720-VT (Severe Storms, Flooding, Landslides, and Mudslides), DR-4770-VT (Severe Winter Storm), EM-3609-VT (Tropical Depression Debby), DR-4810-VT (Severe Storm, Flooding, Landslides, and Mudslides)
Storm Events records since approval (Chittenden County, county-level):: 89 records (data through 2026-06-30)
Repetitive loss now (this town):: FMA RL 1, SRL 1 (44 CFR 77.2); any definition: 2
Repetitive loss scope:: This town's NFIP community only. The other participants of the town's plan (Buels gore; Burlington city; Charlotte town; Essex Junction village; Essex town; Hinesburg town; Huntington town; Jericho town; Milton town; Richmond town; Shelburne town; South Burlington city; St. George town; Underhill town; Westford town; Williston town; Winooski city) are not counted here; the B2-c county table lists a community only when FEMA's multiple-loss file has properties for it.
Repeat-flood change:: this release sets the baseline count.

Sources: 1, 2, 4, 6 (numbered list at the end)

Plan status for this town

Source: 1

Jurisdiction	Type	Status	Plan	Approved	Expires	Days to expirynegative = days since expiry	Notes
Bolton town	Town	Approved, expires 2027-11-10	2022 Chittenden County All Hazards Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan (FEMA plan 108641)	2022-11-11	2027-11-10	406	this jurisdiction approved 2023-01-17

Plan 108641 covers 17 other participants, named in the Excel file.

State plan status and tribal plans in this state: see the state page.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-a: hazard identification

County-level: Chittenden County.

Hazards NRI does not cover (local data needed)

dam failure (incl. upstream dams)
levee failure
flash flood as its own subtype
ice jams
debris flows
erosion (riverine and coastal)
land subsidence and sinkholes
expansive soils

The 18 National Risk Index hazards, ranked by expected annual loss (EAL)

Sources: 5, 6

Rank by EAL	Hazard	NRI risk rating	EAL rating	EAL buildingsmodeled dollars per year	EAL agriculturemodeled dollars per year	Cost of expected deaths and injuriesFEMA's dollar value per year, not property damage	EAL total (see note)modeled dollars per year	Storm Events records, 1996 to 2026-06-30count	Storm Events coverage note
1	Inland Flooding	Relatively Moderate	Relatively Moderate	$28,508,887	$67,191	$221,627	$28,797,704	80
2	Earthquake	Relatively Low	Relatively Low	$1,833,011	n/a	$314,944	$2,147,955		Storm Events does not record earthquakes.
3	Heat Wave	Relatively Low	Relatively Moderate	$1	$37,686	$1,759,734	$1,797,421	12
4	Cold Wave	Relatively Low	Relatively Moderate	$6,086	$77,432	$1,503,744	$1,587,262	34	Includes 5 Frost/Freeze records (outside NRI's Cold Wave definition; counted in this table and in B1-d, not in the B1-e descriptor).
5	Lightning	Relatively High	Relatively High	$90,828	n/a	$1,327,077	$1,417,906	21
6	Strong Wind	Relatively Moderate	Relatively Moderate	$548,593	$7,299	$666,883	$1,222,775	352	Includes 52 High Wind and 55 Strong Wind records (NOAA non-thunderstorm wind types, outside NRI's Strong Wind definition).
7	Tornado	Relatively Low	Relatively Low	$232,690	$95	$614,136	$846,921	0	No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).
8	Hurricane	Relatively Low	Relatively Low	$606,338	$26,484	$28,240	$661,061	0	Declared 3 times; no Storm Events record of this type.
9	Ice Storm	Relatively Moderate	Relatively High	$540,984	n/a	$59,687	$600,671	3
10	Winter Weather	Relatively Moderate	Relatively High	$151,031	$69	$313,954	$465,054	313
11	Avalanche	Relatively Moderate	Relatively Low	under $1	n/a	$456,666	$456,666	0	No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).
12	Hail	Very Low	Very Low	$12,645	$7,277	$78,688	$98,610	120
13	Wildfire	Very Low	Very Low	$16,249	$8	$2,328	$18,585	0	No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).
14	Landslide	Relatively Low	Relatively Low	$11,303	n/a	$7,061	$18,363	0	Declared 3 times; no Storm Events record of this type.
15	Drought	No Rating	No Expected Annual Losses	n/a	$0	n/a	$0	0	No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).

Total = buildings + agriculture + population equivalence; FEMA values each expected death (or 10 injuries) at $13.7 million (2024 dollars).

NRI risk rating combines expected annual loss with social vulnerability and community resilience; EAL rating rates expected annual loss alone. Both compare this county with all U.S. counties.

Local data needed: state and local wildfire and landslide records (Storm Events records these hazards only in part).

Not applicable to this county per NRI, with no federal declaration and no Storm Events record since 1996: coastal flooding, tsunami and volcanic activity. That is the evidence for leaving them out of the plan.

The state hazard mitigation plan also lists hazards for this county; FEMA asks the plan to explain any hazard it leaves out.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-b: hazard location

County-level: Chittenden County.

Affects the whole county (national data give no location within it): Cold Wave, Drought, Hail, Heat Wave, Ice Storm, Lightning, Strong Wind and Winter Weather.

Inland Flooding: The FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) is the required location source for flooding. See the FEMA Flood Map Service Center (https://msc.fema.gov) for this county.

Hazards that vary within the county: highest-rated census tracts

Source: 5

Hazard	Highest-rated census tractsNRI risk rating, score 0 to 100
Avalanche	tract 35.02 (Relatively Low, 74.2); tract 30 (Relatively Low, 74.2); tract 21.01 (Relatively Low, 73.9)
Earthquake	tract 39 (Relatively Moderate, 82.1); tract 31.01 (Relatively Moderate, 79.2); tract 10 (Relatively Low, 73.2)
Hurricane	tract 39 (Relatively Low, 67.1); tract 31.01 (Relatively Low, 64.9); tract 33.01 (Relatively Low, 58.6)
Landslide	tract 29 (Relatively Moderate, 97.0); tract 30 (Relatively Low, 94.5); tract 35.02 (Relatively Low, 93.4)
Tornado	tract 39 (Relatively Low, 42.9); tract 31.01 (Relatively Low, 40.0); tract 35.02 (Relatively Low, 37.7)
Wildfire	tract 34.02 (Relatively Low, 74.4); tract 35.01 (Relatively Low, 70.2); tract 33.01 (Very Low, 68.6)

Up to 3 census tracts per hazard, highest National Risk Index rating first, then highest score; a tract number is the Census tract number (for example 35.02 is Census Tract 35.02). FEMA's Resilience Analysis and Planning Tool maps the National Risk Index for every tract: https://www.fema.gov/emergency-managers/practitioners/resilience-analysis-and-planning-tool

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-c: hazard extent

County-level: Chittenden County.

Extent: scale, observed range and worst recorded event per hazard

Sources: 6, 7

Hazard	Scale	Recordscount and years	Observed range	Worst recorded event	Most damaging (when different)	Where in the county	Note
Avalanche	none (count and damage only)	0
Cold/Wind Chill, Extreme Cold/Wind Chill	wind chill	29 records, 1996 to 2026 (29 zone-level)	1 day to 28 days (median 2 days); 26 with a recorded value	February 2015 (1 monthly summary record), zone-level	Cold/Wind Chill, 2004-01-15, $100,000 property; crops not reported (zone total, 2004 dollars)	Countywide (zone-level records).
Frost/Freeze (outside NRI's Cold Wave definition)	crop damage	5 records, 2005 to 2023 (5 zone-level)		Frost/Freeze, 2023-05-18, $1,500,000 crop damage (2023 dollars); NWS zone VTZ005		Countywide (zone-level records).
Drought	U.S. Drought Monitor scale (D0 to D4)	0					Storm Events enters a drought at D2 or worse east of the Rockies and D3 or worse from the Rockies west (NWS Instruction 10-1605); NRI drought counts D3 and D4 only.
Earthquake	Modified Mercalli (local data)	0					Storm Events does not record earthquakes; the USGS earthquake catalog is the source.
Hail	hail size (inches)	136 records, 1957 to 2025	0.5 in to 3.3 in (median 1 in); 132 with a recorded value	3.3 in hail, 2009-07-16		Event records naming places in the county: Colchester town (13 records), Underhill town (10 records), Milton town (9 records), Williston town (9 records), Westford town (8 records), Burlington city (7 records), Hinesburg town (7 records), Charlotte town (6 records), Winooski city (6 records), South Burlington city (5 records); and 7 more places (see the Excel file).
Excessive Heat, Heat	heat index (in event narratives)	12 records, 1996 to 2025 (12 zone-level)	1 day to 6 days (median 2 days); 7 with a recorded value	6 consecutive days, 2020-06-18 to 2020-06-23, zone-level	Heat, 2012-03-17, $0 property; $500,000 crops (zone total, 2012 dollars)	Countywide (zone-level records).	Heat records from November to March (unseasonable warmth, not a heat wave) are counted but not used for the longest run.
Hurricane, Tropical Storm, Tropical Depression	Saffir-Simpson	0					Storm Events files every zone of a storm's episode under the storm's type; flooding from the storm is filed as Flood or Flash Flood records.
Ice Storm	Sperry-Piltz ice scale (local data)	3 records, 1998 to 2013 (3 zone-level)		Ice Storm, 1998-01-06, $2,500,000 property; crops not reported (1998 dollars), 1 direct injury (reported for the zone); NWS zone VTZ005		Countywide (zone-level records).
Flash Flood, Flood, Lakeshore Flood	damage and flood days (flood depth: FIRM)	80 records, 1996 to 2025 (20 zone-level)		Lakeshore Flood, 2011-05-01, $5,000,000 property; $0 crops (2011 dollars); NWS zone VTZ005		Event records naming places in the county: Richmond town (7 records), Bolton town (5 records), Burlington city (5 records), Charlotte town (5 records), Essex town (5 records), Hinesburg town (5 records), Shelburne town (5 records), South Burlington city (5 records), Underhill town (5 records), Williston town (5 records); and 4 more places (see the Excel file). Zone-level records (20) apply countywide.	Flood depth: see the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map. Storm Events damage is often $0 or blank for floods, major ones included; FEMA Public Assistance by declaration (B1-d) shows which floods cost the most.
Debris Flow	none (count and damage only)	0
Lightning	annualized frequency (the measure FEMA's Local Mitigation Planning Handbook names)	21 records, 1996 to 2020		Lightning, 2011-07-06, $1,000,000 property; $0 crops (2011 dollars)		Event records naming places in the county: Colchester town (4 records), Essex Junction village (2 records), Shelburne town (2 records), South Burlington city (2 records), Westford town (2 records), Williston town (2 records), Burlington city (1 record), Charlotte town (1 record), Jericho town (1 record), Milton town (1 record).	Storm Events lists lightning with damage or casualties.
High Wind and Strong Wind (outside NRI's Strong Wind definition)	wind speed (kt and mph)	107 records, 1996 to 2026 (105 zone-level)	30 kt (35 mph) to 76 kt (87 mph) (median 43 kt (49 mph)); 99 with a recorded value	76 kt (87 mph) estimated gust, High Wind, 2009-12-09; NWS zone VTZ017	High Wind, 2010-12-01, $1,250,000 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2010 dollars)	Event records naming places in the county: Burlington city (1 record). Zone-level records (105) apply countywide.
Thunderstorm Wind	wind speed (kt and mph)	297 records, 1960 to 2025	40 kt (46 mph) to 70 kt (81 mph) (median 50 kt (58 mph)); 229 with a recorded value	70 kt (81 mph) estimated gust, Thunderstorm Wind, 2008-06-10; same speed and measurement basis also recorded on 2005-08-01	Thunderstorm Wind, 2014-07-08, $500,000 property; $0 crops (2014 dollars)	Event records naming places in the county: Colchester town (23 records), Milton town (23 records), Burlington city (19 records), Williston town (19 records), Essex town (16 records), Shelburne town (15 records), Charlotte town (14 records), Essex Junction village (14 records), Hinesburg town (12 records), Richmond town (12 records); and 7 more places (see the Excel file).
Tornado	Enhanced Fujita (Fujita before Feb 2007)	5 records, 1953 to 1987	F/EF0 to F/EF2 (median F/EF1); 5 with a recorded value	F2 tornado, 1983-08-08, 0.2 mi path length (whole path, pre-1996), 10 yd wide, $2,500,000 property; crops not recorded (1983 dollars)		No event record names a listed place in the county.	Before 1996 a tornado is listed once, under the county where it began, with its whole path's rating and length; from 1996 on, each county lists its own segment. Length is not used to rank tornadoes (see Methods).
Wildfire	acres burned (local data)	0
Winter Storm, Heavy Snow, Blizzard, Lake-Effect Snow, Winter Weather, Sleet	none in data (snowfall: local data)	313 records, 1996 to 2026 (313 zone-level)		Heavy Snow, 2007-02-14, $200,000 property; $0 crops (2007 dollars); NWS zone VTZ005		Countywide (zone-level records).

Where a hazard names more than 10 jurisdictions, the table lists the 10 with the most records; every one is in the Excel file, sheet "B1-c Extent".

In event narratives only (local data needed): wind chill, temperature, heat index, ice thickness, acres burned and snow depth; any physical measure of avalanche, debris flow and lightning.

Storm Events records are more complete after 1996; before 1996 only Tornado (from 1950), Hail and Thunderstorm Wind (from 1955) exist. Zone-level records from zones that no NWS zone-county file places in this county (mostly before 2020) are not counted here (the Methods page explains the zone matching).

Dollars are nominal (as reported), labeled with the year; not adjusted for inflation.

A monthly summary record covers most or all of a month; it does not count days at wave conditions.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-d: previous occurrences

County-level: Chittenden County (federal declarations, statewide declarations and Storm Events history).

Federal declarations for this county: 32 declarations covering 27 separate hazard incidents counted in this packet (declarations for the same incident count once; non-natural and evacuation-only declarations are not counted).

Federal disaster declarations for this county

Sources: 1, 2, 3

Declared	Incident began	FEMA number	Type	Title	Mapped hazard	County Public Assistancefederal share obligated, nominal dollars	Flags	Notes
2024-08-20	2024-07-09	DR-4810-VT	Major disaster	Severe Storm, Flooding, Landslides, and Mudslides	Inland Flooding; Landslide	$6,665,019.24	new since last plan; within last 5 years
2024-08-08	2024-08-08	EM-3609-VT	Emergency	Tropical Depression Debby	Hurricane	no Public Assistance recorded	new since last plan; within last 5 years
2024-04-19	2024-01-09	DR-4770-VT	Major disaster	Severe Winter Storm	Winter Weather	$38,069.91	new since last plan; within last 5 years
2023-07-14	2023-07-07	DR-4720-VT	Major disaster	Severe Storms, Flooding, Landslides, and Mudslides	Inland Flooding (primary); also designated: Landslide	$5,199,321.15	new since last plan; within last 5 years
2023-07-10	2023-07-09	EM-3595-VT	Emergency	Flooding	Inland Flooding	no Public Assistance recorded	new since last plan; within last 5 years	same incident as DR-4720
2023-03-20	2022-12-22	DR-4695-VT	Major disaster	Severe Storm and Flooding	Inland Flooding	$12,053.10	new since last plan; within last 5 years
2021-08-22	2021-08-22	EM-3567-VT	Emergency	Tropical Storm Henri	Hurricane	no Public Assistance recorded
2020-04-08	2020-01-20	DR-4532-VT	Major disaster	COVID-19 Pandemic	Non-natural, not counted	$29,607,392.18
2020-03-13	2020-01-20	EM-3437-VT	Emergency	COVID-19	Non-natural, not counted	no Public Assistance recorded		same incident as DR-4532
2020-01-17	2019-10-31	DR-4474-VT	Major disaster	Severe Storm and Flooding	Inland Flooding	$3,244,346.16
2018-07-30	2018-05-04	DR-4380-VT	Major disaster	Severe Storm and Flooding	Inland Flooding	$1,498,243.27
2018-01-02	2017-10-29	DR-4356-VT	Major disaster	Severe Storm and Flooding	Inland Flooding	$141,546.49
2015-07-29	2015-06-09	DR-4232-VT	Major disaster	Severe Storm and Flooding	Inland Flooding	$283,148.43
2015-02-03	2014-12-09	DR-4207-VT	Major disaster	Severe Winter Storm	Winter Weather	$236,295.61
2014-01-29	2013-12-20	DR-4163-VT	Major disaster	Severe Winter Storms	Ice Storm	$68,376.63
2013-08-02	2013-06-25	DR-4140-VT	Major disaster	Severe Storms and Flooding	Inland Flooding	$1,254,214.15
2013-06-13	2013-05-22	DR-4120-VT	Major disaster	Severe Storms and Flooding	Inland Flooding	$1,436,953.12
2011-09-01	2011-08-27	DR-4022-VT	Major disaster	Tropical Storm Irene	Hurricane	$333,686.18
2011-08-29	2011-08-26	EM-3338-VT	Emergency	Hurricane Irene	Hurricane	no Public Assistance recorded		same incident as DR-4022
2011-06-15	2011-04-23	DR-1995-VT	Major disaster	Severe Storms and Flooding	Inland Flooding	$2,460,958.28
2010-12-22	2010-12-01	DR-1951-VT	Major disaster	Severe Storm	Hazard not mapped (severe storm title names no single hazard); not counted	$124,721.47
2004-09-23	2004-08-12	DR-1559-VT	Major disaster	Severe Storms and Flooding	Inland Flooding	$279,588.24
2001-04-10	2001-03-05	EM-3167-VT	Emergency	Snow	Winter Weather	$189,099.54
1998-06-30	1998-06-17	DR-1228-VT	Major disaster	Severe Storms and Flooding	Inland Flooding	no Public Assistance recorded
1998-01-15	1998-01-06	DR-1201-VT	Major disaster	Severe Ice Storms, Rain, High Winds and Flooding	Ice Storm; Inland Flooding; Strong Wind	no Public Assistance recorded
1996-02-13	1996-01-19	DR-1101-VT	Major disaster	Ice Jams and Flooding	Inland Flooding (primary); also designated: Winter Weather	no Public Assistance recorded
1995-08-16	1995-08-04	DR-1063-VT	Major disaster	Excessive Rainfall, Flooding	Inland Flooding	no Public Assistance recorded
1993-05-12	1993-04-24	DR-990-VT	Major disaster	Heavy Rain, Snowmelt & Flooding	Inland Flooding	no Public Assistance recorded
1992-03-18	1992-03-11	DR-938-VT	Major disaster	Heavy Rains, Ice Jams & Flooding	Inland Flooding	no Public Assistance recorded
1990-07-25	1990-07-04	DR-875-VT	Major disaster	Severe Storms & Flooding	Inland Flooding	no Public Assistance recorded
1976-08-05	1976-08-05	DR-518-VT	Major disaster	Severe Storms, High Winds & Flooding	Inland Flooding (primary); also designated: Strong Wind	no Public Assistance recorded
1973-07-06	1973-07-06	DR-397-VT	Major disaster	Severe Storms, Flooding, & Landslides	Inland Flooding (primary); also designated: Landslide	no Public Assistance recorded

County Public Assistance: the whole county's applicants, including state agencies FEMA files there (federal share obligated, nominal dollars); statewide rows are on the state page; this town's own matched Public Assistance is in B1-f.

Statewide declarations

Source: 2

Declared	Incident began	FEMA number	Type	Title	Mapped hazard
1964-03-17	1964-03-17	DR-164-VT	Major disaster	Flooding	Inland Flooding
1963-11-27	1963-11-27	DR-160-VT	Major disaster	Drought & Impending Freeze	Drought

FEMA recorded these with designated area Statewide and no county, so they are listed on every county page in the state and not counted with county rows. Local data needed: whether each one affected this county.

Previous occurrences by hazard, with explicit no-event rows

Sources: 2, 6, 7

Hazard	Storm Events records, all years on file(years in the Period column)	Since plan approvalrecords	In the 12 months before plan approvalrecords	Last 5 yearsrecords	Declared incidents, all yearsseparate disasters	Declared since approvalseparate disasters	Period	Statement
Avalanche	0	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Cold Wave	34	5	5	10	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	Includes 5 Frost/Freeze records.
Drought	0	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Earthquake	0	0	0	0	0	0		Storm Events does not record earthquakes; the USGS earthquake catalog is the source.
Hail	136	5	1	6	0	0	1955 to 2026-06-30
Heat Wave	12	1	0	1	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30
Hurricane	0	0	0	0	3	1	1996 to 2026-06-30	No Storm Events records of this type; 3 federal declared incidents (see declarations table)
Ice Storm	3	0	0	0	2	0	1996 to 2026-06-30
Inland Flooding	80	8	0	8	20	3	1996 to 2026-06-30
Landslide	0	0	0	0	3	2	1996 to 2026-06-30	No Storm Events records of this type; 3 federal declared incidents (see declarations table)
Lightning	21	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30
Strong Wind	404	31	15	48	2	0	1955 to 2026-06-30	Includes 52 High Wind and 55 Strong Wind records.
Tornado	5	0	0	0	0	0	1950 to 2026-06-30
Wildfire	0	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Winter Weather	313	39	10	49	4	1	1996 to 2026-06-30

Notable Storm Events records

Sources: 1, 6, 7

Date	Event type	Magnitude or extent	Damagenominal dollars	Deaths, injuriesdirect only	Location	Flags	Why listed
2023-05-18	Frost/Freeze		$0 property; $1,500,000 crops (zone total, 2023 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone VTZ005 (WESTERN CHITTENDEN), zone-level	new since last plan; within last 5 years	B1-c worst recorded: Frost/Freeze
2020-06-18	Heat		$0 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2020 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone VTZ005 (WESTERN CHITTENDEN), zone-level		B1-c worst recorded: Excessive Heat, Heat
2019-07-30	Thunderstorm Wind	50 kt (58 mph) estimated gust	$25,000 property; $0 crops (2019 dollars)	2, 0	CHAMPLAIN ARPT		deaths or injuries recorded
2015-02-01	Cold/Wind Chill		$0 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2015 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone VTZ017 (EASTERN CHITTENDEN), zone-level		B1-c worst recorded: Cold/Wind Chill, Extreme Cold/Wind Chill
2012-12-21	Strong Wind	43 kt (49 mph) estimated gust	$35,000 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2012 dollars)	1, 0	NWS zone VTZ005 (WESTERN CHITTENDEN), zone-level		deaths or injuries recorded
2011-07-06	Lightning		$1,000,000 property; $0 crops (2011 dollars)	0, 0	ESSEX JCT		B1-c worst recorded: Lightning
2011-05-01	Lakeshore Flood		$5,000,000 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2011 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone VTZ005 (WESTERN CHITTENDEN), zone-level		B1-c worst recorded: Flash Flood, Flood, Lakeshore Flood
2011-04-11	Flood		$30,000 property; $0 crops (2011 dollars)	1, 0	NORTH UNDERHILL to BOWMAN CORNERS		deaths or injuries recorded
2009-12-09	High Wind	76 kt (87 mph) estimated gust	$20,000 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2009 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone VTZ017 (EASTERN CHITTENDEN), zone-level		B1-c worst recorded: High Wind and Strong Wind
2008-06-10	Thunderstorm Wind	70 kt (81 mph) estimated gust	$20,000 property; $0 crops (2008 dollars)	0, 0	NORTH UNDERHILL		B1-c worst recorded: Thunderstorm Wind
1998-01-06	Ice Storm		$2,500,000 property; crops not reported (zone total, 1998 dollars)	0, 1	NWS zone VTZ005 (CHITTENDEN), zone-level		B1-c worst recorded: Ice Storm
1983-08-08	Tornado	F2, 0.2 mi path length (whole path, pre-1996), 10 yd wide	$2,500,000 property; crops not recorded (1983 dollars)	0, 0	location not recorded		B1-c worst recorded: Tornado

The full list is in the Excel file, sheet "B1-d Storm Events history" (1,008 rows).

Location is the place NOAA recorded, as written in its data; it need not be a jurisdiction in this plan.

Local data needed: state-declared emergencies, from your state emergency management agency (federal data do not include them).

FEMA's declaration data list no tribal or special-area declarations for this state.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-e: probability of future events

County-level: Chittenden County.

Probability: FEMA annualized frequency and descriptor per hazard

Sources: 5, 6

Hazard	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)unit per row	Unit	In plain terms	Descriptor	Descriptor basis	NRI events or days in its record period (hail, wind and tornado are area-weighted, so can be fractional)	NRI period	Location	Note
Avalanche	0.0333	events per year	about 1 in 30 years	Possible	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	1	1994 to 2023 (30 years)	see B1-f
Cold Wave	3.47	event-days per year	about 3.47 days per year	Likely	Storm Events event-days in 12 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (40%)	65	2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years)	countywide
Drought	0	event-days per year	none modeled		Storm Events event-days in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%)	0	2000 to 2025 (25.25 years; D3 and D4 only)	countywide	No Storm Events drought record, 1996 to 2025
Earthquake	0.00278	annual probability at a location	chance a given location in the county has at least minor-damage shaking in a year: 0.278%			not shown	modeled	see B1-f	No descriptor (Storm Events does not record earthquakes).
Hail	1.12	events per year	about 1.12 per year	Highly likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	42.4 (modeled)	1986 to 2023 (38 years)	countywide
Heat Wave	2.07	event-days per year	about 2.07 days per year	Likely	Storm Events event-days in 8 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (26.7%)	37.7	2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years)	countywide
Hurricane	0.0262	events per year	about 1 in 38 years	Possible	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	8	1851 to 2024 (Atlantic)	see B1-f	NRI counts hurricane and tropical storm tracks passing within storm-force wind range; federal declarations are in B1-d.
Ice Storm	0.329	event-days per year	about 0.329 days per year	Possible	Storm Events event-days in 2 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (6.67%)	23	1946-12-31 to 2014-02-12 (67 years)	countywide
Inland Flooding	2.14	event-days per year	about 2.14 days per year	Likely	Storm Events event-days in 23 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (76.7%)	60	1996 to 2023 (28 years)	see B1-f
Landslide	0.814	events per year (modeled)	about 0.81 per year	Likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	not shown	modeled	see B1-f
Lightning	23	days per year with a strike	about 23 days per year	Highly likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	not shown	1995 to 2023 (29 years; CONUS)	countywide
Strong Wind	0.776	events per year	about 0.78 per year	Likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	30	1986 to 2023 (38 years)	countywide
Tornado	0.0282	events per year	about 1 in 35 years	Possible	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	not shown	1950 to 2023 (EF2+); 1986 to 2023 (EF0-1)	see B1-f
Wildfire	0.0000725	annual probability at a location	chance a given location in the county burns in a year: 0.00725%		Storm Events records in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%)	not shown	modeled	see B1-f	No descriptor: no Storm Events record 1996 to 2025
Winter Weather	16.9	event-days per year	about 16.9 days per year	Highly likely	Storm Events event-days in 30 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (100%)	317	2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years)	countywide

FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) is the National Risk Index v1.20 (December 2025) estimate of how often a hazard affects this county in a year; it is not recorded events divided by years, and its unit differs by hazard (events, event-days, or days with a lightning strike per year). For earthquake, wildfire, coastal flooding and tsunami the value is the chance (or number of events) at a location in the county, not across the county, so no "1 in N years" is given and the descriptor comes from Storm Events where it has a record (none for earthquake). The Methods page gives each hazard's method, from FEMA's National Risk Index Technical Documentation v1.20.

Where NRI gives event-days, the descriptor comes from the share of years with a Storm Events record; NRI's source records more events, so the two differ.

Descriptor scale used in this packet (defined per unit)

Sources: 5, 6

Unit	Descriptor	Definition
events per year	Highly likely	1 or more per year
events per year	Likely	about once in 1 to 10 years
events per year	Possible	about once in 10 to 100 years
events per year	Unlikely	less than once in 100 years
annual probability	Likely	10% to under 100% chance in a given year
annual probability	Possible	1% to under 10% chance in a given year
annual probability	Unlikely	under 1% chance in a given year
event-days (share of years)	Highly likely	event-days recorded in 90% or more of years
event-days (share of years)	Likely	event-days recorded in 10% to under 90% of years
event-days (share of years)	Possible	event-days recorded in some years but under 10% of years
lightning strike-days	Highly likely	cloud-to-ground strikes on 1 or more days per year

Intensity bands: historical frequency (Storm Events)

Source: 6

Hazard	Band	Years	Eventscounty-coded records	Years in period	Events per yearevents / years
Hail	1.00-1.99 in	1996 to 2025	62	30	2.07
Hail	2.00 in+	1996 to 2025	2	30	0.0667
Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind)	50-64 kt	1996 to 2025	214	30	7.13
Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind)	65 kt+	1996 to 2025	3	30	0.1
Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind)	unmeasured or below 50 kt	1996 to 2025	28	30	0.933
Tornado	EF0-1	1996 to 2025	0	30	0
Tornado	EF2-3	1996 to 2025	0	30	0
Tornado	EF4-5	1996 to 2025	0	30	0
Tornado	unrated (EFU)	1996 to 2025	0	30	0

The bands show how often events of each severity were recorded in this county, to profile how severe events have been (FEMA's probability item asks for the range of intensities).

Hail smaller than 1 inch is not counted: on 2010-01-05 the National Weather Service raised its severe-hail threshold from 3/4 inch to 1 inch, so smaller reports became less common after 2009 (NWS Service Change Notice 09-52). NRI hail frequency uses a 0.75 inch threshold.

Optional: future conditions. Not a required item in the 2025 FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Policy Guide; some states ask for it. The federal Climate Mapping for Resilience and Adaptation (CMRA) site gives county exposure to future climate conditions (https://resilience.climate.gov/).

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-f: hazards that vary across jurisdictions

Range of census tract risk within the county

Source: 5

Hazard	Tractsrated of all	NRI risk score, 0 to 100			Tracts by rating
Hazard	Tractsrated of all	Min	Median	Max	Tracts by rating
Avalanche	5 of 41	73.6	73.9	74.2	Relatively Low 5, Not Applicable 36
Cold Wave	41 of 41	15.7	37.2	57.6	Relatively Moderate 4, Relatively Low 36, Very Low 1
Drought	0 of 41				No Rating 41
Earthquake	41 of 41	19.9	45.7	82.1	Relatively Moderate 2, Relatively Low 28, Very Low 11
Hail	41 of 41	1.1	29.0	42.0	Relatively Low 3, Very Low 38
Heat Wave	41 of 41	1.4	45.3	75.8	Relatively Moderate 8, Relatively Low 29, Very Low 4
Hurricane	41 of 41	35.8	52.0	67.1	Relatively Low 22, Very Low 19
Ice Storm	41 of 41	14.3	65.5	92.4	Relatively High 2, Relatively Moderate 15, Relatively Low 23, Very Low 1
Inland Flooding	41 of 41	0.6	35.7	91.0	Relatively High 2, Relatively Moderate 13, Relatively Low 22, Very Low 4
Landslide	41 of 41	12.8	58.4	97.0	Relatively Moderate 1, Relatively Low 7, Very Low 33
Lightning	41 of 41	0.7	76.0	95.7	Relatively High 17, Relatively Moderate 20, Relatively Low 3, Very Low 1
Strong Wind	41 of 41	9.9	55.9	85.0	Relatively High 1, Relatively Moderate 22, Relatively Low 17, Very Low 1
Tornado	41 of 41	1.9	28.5	42.9	Relatively Low 16, Very Low 25
Wildfire	38 of 41	19.2	46.6	74.4	Relatively Low 2, Very Low 36, No Rating 3
Winter Weather	41 of 41	20.5	78.5	94.7	Relatively High 20, Relatively Moderate 20, Relatively Low 1

Chittenden County's 41 census tracts; NRI rates census tracts, not towns.

Rated tracts only: No Rating (score 0.0), Not Applicable and Insufficient Data tracts are counted but not used for the minimum, median and maximum.

The score ranks a tract against all U.S. tracts (100 = highest). The rating is FEMA's category for the tract's risk value, computed differently, so the two can disagree.

Frequency data for cold wave, hail, heat wave, ice storm, lightning, strong wind and winter weather are county-wide or coarse (49 km grid or NWS zone), the same for every jurisdiction; the tract range mostly reflects where buildings and people are.

Each jurisdiction (starting figures from federal data)

Sources: 1, 3, 4, 6

Jurisdiction	Type	Plan status	Repetitive lossFMA RL and SRL (44 CFR 77.2); repeat-flood, any definition	Public Assistance to this jurisdictionFEMA records matched by applicant name; federal share obligated, nominal dollars	Event records naming this placeall years; since its plan
Bolton town	Town	Approved, expires 2027-11-10	FMA RL 1, SRL 1; any 2	$1,584,755.50	16 total; 2 since its plan

Repetitive-loss counts are for whole NFIP communities, which can extend beyond this county (see the note in B2-c).

Supports FEMA checklist items B2-a and B2-b: vulnerability and potential impacts

County-level: Chittenden County (National Risk Index exposure and expected annual loss; since-plan counts use Bolton town's approval date).

Local data needed

The table below gives county-level starting figures; the plan describes impacts for each jurisdiction and its own assets.

Critical facilities and lifelines per hazard
A problem statement per jurisdiction per hazard
Changes in development in hazard-prone areas since the last approval, or a statement of none (E1-a)
Future assets
Vermont Flood Ready Atlas and Agency of Natural Resources (ANR) river corridors for town flood and erosion locations.
The Emergency Relief and Assistance Fund (ERAF) Flood Hazard Summary gives E911 building counts in the Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA) per town.
Vermont Dam Inventory for dams in and upstream of the town.
Vermont Emergency Management (VEM) hazard mitigation planning resources and the 2023 Vermont State Hazard Mitigation Plan. https://vem.vermont.gov/hm-planning-resources

County-level starter: exposure, expected annual loss and damage since the plan (Chittenden County, county-level)

Sources: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7

Hazard	Building exposuremodeled dollars	Agriculture exposuremodeled dollars	Population exposedpeople	EAL buildingsmodeled dollars per year	EAL agriculturemodeled dollars per year	Cost of expected deaths and injuriesFEMA's dollar value per year, not property damage	EAL as % of exposurebuildings; agriculture where noted	Storm Events damage since 2022-11-11county-coded records, property plus crops, nominal dollars	Zone-level damage since planproperty plus crops, reported for the zone	Public Assistance since plannominal dollars; see note	Note
Avalanche	$172,968	n/a	5	under $1	n/a	$456,666	0.0001%
Cold Wave	$40,414,880,347	$56,100,811	168,162	$6,086	$77,432	$1,503,744	under 0.0001%		$1,500,000		Storm Events damage since the plan includes 1 zone-level Frost/Freeze record ($1,500,000): outside NRI's Cold Wave definition.
Drought	n/a	$0	n/a	n/a	$0	n/a					agriculture exposure is 0 in NRI
Earthquake	$70,812,620,784	n/a	168,323	$1,833,011	n/a	$314,944	0.00259%
Hail	$40,414,880,347	$56,100,811	168,162	$12,645	$7,277	$78,688	under 0.0001%	$20,000
Heat Wave	$40,414,880,347	$56,100,811	168,162	$1	$37,686	$1,759,734	under 0.0001%		$0
Hurricane	$40,397,757,407	$56,084,440	168,041	$606,338	$26,484	$28,240	0.0015%			no Public Assistance recorded (1 declaration)
Ice Storm	$40,413,608,910	n/a	168,153	$540,984	n/a	$59,687	0.00134%
Inland Flooding	$40,373,970,472	$15,673,575	1,651	$28,508,887	$67,191	$221,627	n/a (see note)	$920,000		$11,876,393.49	NRI counts the full building value of any census block with some flood loss; this is not the value of buildings in the floodplain. Use local FIRM overlays for B2-a/B2-b.
Landslide	$1,278,020,800	n/a	5,344	$11,303	n/a	$7,061	0.000884%			$11,864,340.39
Lightning	$40,414,880,347	n/a	168,162	$90,828	n/a	$1,327,077	0.000225%
Strong Wind	$40,414,880,347	$56,100,811	168,162	$548,593	$7,299	$666,883	0.00136%	$115,000	$925,000		Storm Events damage since the plan includes 4 zone-level High Wind records ($840,000) and 3 zone-level Strong Wind records ($85,000): NOAA non-thunderstorm wind types, outside NRI's Strong Wind definition.
Tornado	$40,414,880,347	$56,100,811	168,162	$232,690	$95	$614,136	0.000576%
Wildfire	$4,411,880,493	$12,939,115	26,460	$16,249	$8	$2,328	0.000368%
Winter Weather	$40,414,880,347	$56,100,811	168,162	$151,031	$69	$313,954	0.000374%		$0	$38,069.91

Totals since 2022-11-11 (Storm Events through 2026-06-30): 34 county-coded records, 34 with a damage value recorded (including $0), $1,055,000; 55 zone-level records, 55 with a damage value recorded (including $0), $2,425,000 reported for the zone; Public Assistance: $11,914,463.40 on 6 counted declarations, 4 of them with Public Assistance.

FEMA does not split Public Assistance by hazard. A declaration mapped to several hazards is listed under each of them with its full amount, so the per-hazard column does not add up to the total; the unit total counts each declaration once.

NRI computes earthquake exposure on its own basis, so it exceeds the county building value in B2-a.

Supports FEMA checklist item B2-a: vulnerability (county context)

County-level: Chittenden County.

County context

Source: 5

Measure	Value
Population	168,162
Building value (total, not at risk)	$40,414,880,347
Agriculture value (total, not at risk)	$56,100,811
NRI risk rating (all hazards)	Relatively Low
Expected annual loss, buildings and agriculture, all hazards	$32,782,186
Expected annual loss, population equivalence, all hazards (NRI values each statistical life at $13.7M; a modeled value of expected deaths and injuries, not property damage)	$7,354,769
Social vulnerability rating	Very Low
Community resilience rating	Very High
NRI version	December 2025

FEMA's all-hazard expected annual loss adds buildings, agriculture and population equivalence; this table gives the property part and the population-equivalence part as separate rows.

Social vulnerability: higher means people are more likely to be harmed and slower to recover. Community resilience: lower means the community is less able to recover. High social vulnerability and low resilience both raise the NRI risk rating.

Supports FEMA checklist item B2-c: repetitive loss properties

Repetitive loss in Chittenden County, both definitions

Sources: 1, 4

Definition	Properties	Severe repetitive loss	Properties
Repetitive loss, FMA definition (44 CFR 77.2)	1	Severe repetitive loss, FMA definition (44 CFR 77.2)	2
Repetitive loss, NFIP insurance definition	14	Severe repetitive loss, NFIP insurance definition	1

The state NFIP coordinator's list, the source FEMA's Handbook names, often uses the NFIP insurance definition (second row).

Repeat-flood properties: county total and NFIP communities

Sources: 1, 4

Scope	RL, FMAproperties	SRL, FMAproperties	RL, NFIPproperties	SRL, NFIPproperties	Any categoryproperties	Currently insuredproperties
County total	1	2	14	1	14	8
of which: Colchester town	0	0	1	0	1	0
of which: Huntington town	0	0	2	0	2	2
of which: Jericho town	0	0	1	0	1	0
of which: Milton town	0	0	2	0	2	1
of which: Richmond town	0	1	5	1	5	4
of which: Underhill town	0	0	1	0	1	0
of which: Bolton town	1	1	2	0	2	1

Repeat-flood properties by jurisdiction in the plan (NFIP community)

Sources: 1, 4

Jurisdiction	NFIP community ID	RL, FMAproperties	SRL, FMAproperties	RL, NFIPproperties	SRL, NFIPproperties	Any categoryproperties	Mitigatedproperties	Currently insuredproperties
Bolton town	500308	1	1	2	0	2	0	1

Counts by occupancy group for each jurisdiction are in the Excel file, sheet "B2-c Jurisdictions".

Jurisdiction rows are whole NFIP communities and need not add up to the county total: a community that extends into another county is counted in full on each jurisdiction row, while the county table counts only its part in this county.

County repeat-flood properties by occupancy group

Sources: 1, 4

Occupancy group	RL, FMAproperties	SRL, FMAproperties	RL, NFIPproperties	SRL, NFIPproperties	Any categoryproperties	Currently insuredproperties
single-family residential	1	1	9	0	9	6
2 to 4 unit residential	0	1	2	1	2	1
other residential	0	0	1	0	1	1
non-residential	0	0	2	0	2	0
not reported	0	0	0	0	0	0

FEMA's occupancy groups have no institutional class; institutional properties are counted in non-residential or other residential in the table by occupancy group.

FMA RL and FMA SRL are the Flood Mitigation Assistance definitions (44 CFR 77.2), the ones the FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Policy Guide cites. NFIP repetitive loss (the FEMA insurance definition) is 2 or more claims over $1,000 in 10 years, and a property can leave that group once it is mitigated. Also shown: NFIP severe repetitive loss, any category, mitigated and currently insured. The Methods page gives the OpenFEMA field details.

Counts are aggregates of FEMA's public NFIP Multiple Loss Properties file (FEMA's data date 2026-08-02; file version 2026-08-04). No property is identified. County assignment is FEMA's geocode.

In this county 0 properties are FMA repetitive loss but not NFIP repetitive loss, and 13 properties are NFIP repetitive loss but not FMA repetitive loss.

Exact counts; no count suppression.

Sources

Tables cite these sources by number. The full list, for the plan's bibliography (FEMA review item A4-a):

FEMA, OpenFEMA HazardMitigationPlanStatuses v1, version 2026-09-29T134039Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/HazardMitigationPlanStatuses (API)
FEMA, OpenFEMA DisasterDeclarationsSummaries v2, version 2026-09-29T162832Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v2/DisasterDeclarationsSummaries (API)
FEMA, OpenFEMA PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries v1, version 2026-09-29T150754Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries (API)
FEMA, OpenFEMA NfipMultipleLossProperties v1, version 2026-08-04T164045Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/NfipMultipleLossProperties (API)
FEMA, FEMA National Risk Index 1.20.0 (December 2025), county and census tract tables, version 1.20.0, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_Counties.zip (download, 25 MB), https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_CensusTracts.zip (download, 635 MB)
NOAA NCEI, NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, details files (csvfiles v1.0), version c20260918, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/swdi/stormevents/csvfiles/
NOAA National Weather Service, NWS county-public forecast zones correlation file, version bp03mr20 to bp16ap26 (11 files; newest bp16ap26), pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.weather.gov/gis/ZoneCounty
U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2024 Gazetteer, 2020 place by county, CT county-to-cousub crosswalk, version 2024-gazetteer, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_counties_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_cousubs_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_place_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_unsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_elsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_scsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/reference/codes2020/national_place_by_county2020.txt, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/reference/ct_change/ct_cou_to_cousub_crosswalk.xlsx (used to match place names and codes; no table prints its values)

What this packet is and what the plan adds

This packet is the federal data for the plan's risk assessment (the summary on page 1 says how it is organized); the plan and FEMA's review decide whether each item is met.

The plan adds what only the community has: local data on assets, critical facilities, development and each jurisdiction's impacts; local hazard history, including state-declared emergencies; the mitigation strategy; and adoption.

How the federal data are built: National Risk Index values are FEMA's model, not counts of events. Storm Events is more complete from 1996; zone-level records are placed by forecast zone, not by location in the county. Public Assistance for a jurisdiction is matched by applicant name. The Methods page gives every rule and the known edge cases.

OpenFEMA disclaimer

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

Reuse, citation and corrections

Reuse and citation: Hazard Plain text and tables are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); credit Hazard Plain and the release. The underlying federal data are public domain; OpenFEMA data are also subject to the OpenFEMA terms and conditions.

Cite this: Hazard Plain (2026). Bolton town, VT: risk-assessment baseline packet, release 2026-10 (data as of 2026-09-30; Town FIPS 5000706550). Automated baseline. https://hazardplain.org/vt/5000706550/ Built from FEMA OpenFEMA, the FEMA National Risk Index and NOAA NCEI Storm Events; source versions in the packet's Sources list.

Corrections: to report an error, name the packet, the table and what your records show. Contact: [email protected]