Orangeburg County, SC: risk-assessment baseline packet, release 2026-10

Summary

Plan status as of 2026-09-30: Approved, expires 2027-09-25. Plan: Orangeburg County (FEMA plan 107944), approved 2022-09-26.

Update: FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption.

Since the plan was approved on 2022-09-26: 9 new hazard declarations (6 incidents): EM-3585-SC (Hurricane Ian), DR-4677-SC (Hurricane Ian), EM-3597-SC (Hurricane Idalia), EM-3606-SC (Hurricane Debby), EM-3619-SC (Hurricane Helene), DR-4829-SC (Hurricane Helene), DR-4835-SC (Tropical Storm Debby), DR-4858-SC (Severe Storms and Flooding), EM-3632-SC (Severe Winter Storm).

NOAA Storm Events records since that date: 123 records (data through 2026-06-30).

Highest expected annual loss (FEMA National Risk Index, modeled total; see B1-a): Hurricane ($14,846,851 a year), Earthquake ($10,709,807) and Inland Flooding ($10,565,650).

Repetitive-loss flood properties now: FMA RL 1, SRL 0 (44 CFR 77.2); any definition: 14.

The tables that follow are organized by the items of FEMA's Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool, Element B (B1-a to B2-c); each heading says which item its tables support.

Terms used

EAL:: expected annual loss: FEMA's modeled average yearly loss from a hazard.
NRI:: FEMA's National Risk Index (version 1.20, December 2025).
NFIP:: National Flood Insurance Program.
RL, SRL:: repetitive loss and severe repetitive loss: flood-insured properties with repeated claims (definitions in B2-c).
FMA, HMGP:: Flood Mitigation Assistance and Hazard Mitigation Grant Program, FEMA mitigation grants.
PA:: FEMA Public Assistance: disaster aid to governments and some nonprofits.
Zone-level:: NOAA logged the event for a National Weather Service forecast zone, which may include parts of neighboring counties.
County-coded:: NOAA logged the event to this county.
FIPS:: the federal code for a place; 45075 is this area.
D0 to D4:: U.S. Drought Monitor categories, from abnormally dry (D0) to exceptional drought (D4).
F/EF, EFU:: Fujita and Enhanced Fujita tornado ratings; EFU is an unrated tornado.
kt, CONUS:: knots (1 kt is about 1.15 mph); the contiguous United States.
CFR:: Code of Federal Regulations.
A4-a, E1-a:: other items of FEMA's Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool (sources, and changes since the last plan).
Dollars:: nominal (as reported, labeled with the year), not adjusted for inflation.

Plan clock

Status:: Approved, expires 2027-09-25
Plan:: Orangeburg County (FEMA plan 107944)
Approved:: 2022-09-26
Days to expiry:: 360
Update underway:: FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption

Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan.

What changed since your last plan (approved 2022-09-26)

New federal declarations:: 9 new hazard declarations (6 incidents): EM-3585-SC (Hurricane Ian), DR-4677-SC (Hurricane Ian), EM-3597-SC (Hurricane Idalia), EM-3606-SC (Hurricane Debby), EM-3619-SC (Hurricane Helene), DR-4829-SC (Hurricane Helene), DR-4835-SC (Tropical Storm Debby), DR-4858-SC (Severe Storms and Flooding), EM-3632-SC (Severe Winter Storm)
Storm Events records since approval:: 123 records (data through 2026-06-30)
Repetitive loss now:: FMA RL 1, SRL 0 (44 CFR 77.2); any definition: 14
Repeat-flood change:: this release sets the baseline count.

Sources: 1, 2, 4, 6 (numbered list at the end)

Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county: 18 rows, in the section "Plan clock: Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county" on the following pages.

State plan status and tribal plans in this state: see the state page.

Plan clock

Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county

Source: 1

Jurisdiction	Type	Status	Plan	Approved	Expires	Days to expirynegative = days since expiry	Update underway	Notes
Orangeburg County (unincorporated area)	Unincorporated	Approved, expires 2027-09-25	Orangeburg County (FEMA plan 107944)	2022-09-26	2027-09-25	360	FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan.
Bowman town	Town	Approved, expires 2031-08-02	Lower Savannah Regional (FEMA plan 111830)	2026-08-03	2031-08-02	1,767		Also approved under plan 107944 (Orangeburg County, expires 2027-09-25). FEMA's plan status map shows one plan per jurisdiction and may show one of these; this packet uses the approved plan that expires last. this jurisdiction approved 2026-09-02
Branchville town	Town	Approved, expires 2027-09-25	Orangeburg County (FEMA plan 107944)	2022-09-26	2027-09-25	360	FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan. this jurisdiction approved 2023-07-18
Cope town	Town	Approved, expires 2027-09-25	Orangeburg County (FEMA plan 107944)	2022-09-26	2027-09-25	360	FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan. this jurisdiction approved 2023-07-18
Cordova town	Town	Approved, expires 2027-09-25	Orangeburg County (FEMA plan 107944)	2022-09-26	2027-09-25	360	FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan. this jurisdiction approved 2023-07-18
Elloree town	Town	Approved, expires 2031-08-02	Lower Savannah Regional (FEMA plan 111830)	2026-08-03	2031-08-02	1,767		Also approved under plan 107944 (Orangeburg County, expires 2027-09-25). FEMA's plan status map shows one plan per jurisdiction and may show one of these; this packet uses the approved plan that expires last. this jurisdiction approved 2026-09-17
Eutawville town	Town	Approved, expires 2031-08-02	Lower Savannah Regional (FEMA plan 111830)	2026-08-03	2031-08-02	1,767		Also approved under plan 107944 (Orangeburg County, expires 2027-09-25). FEMA's plan status map shows one plan per jurisdiction and may show one of these; this packet uses the approved plan that expires last.
Holly Hill town	Town	Plan 111830 approved 2026-08-03, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	Lower Savannah Regional (FEMA plan 111830), pending adoption here	2026-08-03 by FEMA; not yet adopted here	2031-08-02 once adopted		FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan.
Livingston town	Town	Approved, expires 2027-09-25	Orangeburg County (FEMA plan 107944)	2022-09-26	2027-09-25	360	FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan. this jurisdiction approved 2023-08-18
Neeses town	Town	Approved, expires 2027-09-25	Orangeburg County (FEMA plan 107944)	2022-09-26	2027-09-25	360	FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan. this jurisdiction approved 2023-07-18
North town	Town	Approved, expires 2027-09-25	Orangeburg County (FEMA plan 107944)	2022-09-26	2027-09-25	360	FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan. this jurisdiction approved 2023-07-18
Norway town	Town	Approved, expires 2031-08-02	Lower Savannah Regional (FEMA plan 111830)	2026-08-03	2031-08-02	1,767		Also approved under plan 107944 (Orangeburg County, expires 2027-09-25). FEMA's plan status map shows one plan per jurisdiction and may show one of these; this packet uses the approved plan that expires last. this jurisdiction approved 2026-08-07
Orangeburg city	City	Approved, expires 2027-09-25	Orangeburg County (FEMA plan 107944)	2022-09-26	2027-09-25	360	FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan. this jurisdiction approved 2023-07-18
Rowesville town	Town	Approved, expires 2027-09-25	Orangeburg County (FEMA plan 107944)	2022-09-26	2027-09-25	360	FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan. this jurisdiction approved 2023-07-18
Santee town	Town	Approved, expires 2031-08-02	Lower Savannah Regional (FEMA plan 111830)	2026-08-03	2031-08-02	1,767		Also approved under plan 107944 (Orangeburg County, expires 2027-09-25). FEMA's plan status map shows one plan per jurisdiction and may show one of these; this packet uses the approved plan that expires last.
Springfield town	Town	Approved, expires 2027-09-25	Orangeburg County (FEMA plan 107944)	2022-09-26	2027-09-25	360	FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan. this jurisdiction approved 2023-07-18
Vance town	Town	Approved, expires 2031-08-02	Lower Savannah Regional (FEMA plan 111830)	2026-08-03	2031-08-02	1,767		Also approved under plan 107944 (Orangeburg County, expires 2027-09-25). FEMA's plan status map shows one plan per jurisdiction and may show one of these; this packet uses the approved plan that expires last. this jurisdiction approved 2026-08-07
Woodford town	Town	Plan 111830 approved 2026-08-03, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	Lower Savannah Regional (FEMA plan 111830), pending adoption here	2026-08-03 by FEMA; not yet adopted here	2031-08-02 once adopted		FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-a: hazard identification

Hazards NRI does not cover (local data needed)

dam failure (incl. upstream dams)
levee failure
flash flood as its own subtype
ice jams
debris flows
erosion (riverine and coastal)
land subsidence and sinkholes
expansive soils

The 18 National Risk Index hazards, ranked by expected annual loss (EAL)

Sources: 5, 6

Rank by EAL	Hazard	NRI risk rating	EAL rating	EAL buildingsmodeled dollars per year	EAL agriculturemodeled dollars per year	Cost of expected deaths and injuriesFEMA's dollar value per year, not property damage	EAL total (see note)modeled dollars per year	Storm Events records, 1996 to 2026-06-30count	Storm Events coverage note
1	Hurricane	Relatively High	Relatively High	$12,243,180	$2,005,231	$598,440	$14,846,851	7
2	Earthquake	Relatively Moderate	Relatively Moderate	$6,018,241	n/a	$4,691,566	$10,709,807		Storm Events does not record earthquakes.
3	Inland Flooding	Relatively Moderate	Relatively Low	$10,455,591	$55,685	$54,375	$10,565,650	77
4	Cold Wave	Relatively Moderate	Relatively Moderate	$2,861	$66,920	$1,654,946	$1,724,727	0	No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).
5	Strong Wind	Relatively High	Relatively Moderate	$157,017	$8,957	$1,465,361	$1,631,334	468	Includes 7 High Wind and 9 Strong Wind records (NOAA non-thunderstorm wind types, outside NRI's Strong Wind definition).
6	Tornado	Relatively Moderate	Relatively Low	$886,070	$6,992	$527,344	$1,420,406	44
7	Heat Wave	Relatively Moderate	Relatively Low	$66	$375	$1,035,997	$1,036,438	0	No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).
8	Lightning	Relatively High	Relatively Moderate	$46,706	n/a	$587,143	$633,849	8
9	Ice Storm	Relatively High	Relatively Moderate	$392,324	n/a	$88,800	$481,124	4
10	Hail	Relatively Moderate	Relatively Low	$232,580	$34,493	$198,512	$465,586	169
11	Drought	Relatively Moderate	Relatively Moderate	n/a	$453,821	n/a	$453,821	0	Declared 1 time; no Storm Events record of this type.
12	Wildfire	Relatively Low	Relatively Low	$224,638	$667	$35,720	$261,025	0	No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).
13	Winter Weather	Relatively Moderate	Relatively Low	$7,184	$204	$61,064	$68,452	13
14	Landslide	Very Low	Very Low	$721	n/a	$4	$725	0	Declared 1 time; no Storm Events record of this type.

Total = buildings + agriculture + population equivalence; FEMA values each expected death (or 10 injuries) at $13.7 million (2024 dollars).

NRI risk rating combines expected annual loss with social vulnerability and community resilience; EAL rating rates expected annual loss alone. Both compare this county with all U.S. counties.

Local data needed: state and local wildfire and landslide records (Storm Events records these hazards only in part).

Not applicable to this county per NRI, with no federal declaration and no Storm Events record since 1996: avalanche, coastal flooding, tsunami and volcanic activity. That is the evidence for leaving them out of the plan.

The state hazard mitigation plan also lists hazards for this county; FEMA asks the plan to explain any hazard it leaves out.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-b: hazard location

Affects the whole county (national data give no location within it): Cold Wave, Drought, Hail, Heat Wave, Ice Storm, Lightning, Strong Wind and Winter Weather.

Inland Flooding: The FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) is the required location source for flooding. See the FEMA Flood Map Service Center (https://msc.fema.gov) for this county.

Hazards that vary within the county: highest-rated census tracts

Source: 5

Hazard	Highest-rated census tractsNRI risk rating, score 0 to 100
Earthquake	tract 102 (Relatively High, 96.0); tract 114 (Relatively High, 89.9); tract 104 (Relatively High, 89.7)
Hurricane	tract 102 (Relatively High, 97.0); tract 105 (Relatively High, 95.4); tract 104 (Relatively High, 95.2)
Landslide	tract 120 (Relatively Low, 82.4); tract 104 (Relatively Low, 81.5); tract 105 (Relatively Low, 81.3)
Tornado	tract 120 (Relatively Moderate, 67.8); tract 109.02 (Relatively Moderate, 65.9); tract 104 (Relatively Moderate, 61.9)
Wildfire	tract 102 (Relatively Moderate, 94.1); tract 101.01 (Relatively Moderate, 90.6); tract 101.04 (Relatively Moderate, 88.6)

Up to 3 census tracts per hazard, highest National Risk Index rating first, then highest score; a tract number is the Census tract number (for example 102 is Census Tract 102). FEMA's Resilience Analysis and Planning Tool maps the National Risk Index for every tract: https://www.fema.gov/emergency-managers/practitioners/resilience-analysis-and-planning-tool

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-c: hazard extent

Extent: scale, observed range and worst recorded event per hazard

Sources: 6, 7

Hazard	Scale	Recordscount and years	Observed range	Worst recorded event	Most damaging (when different)	How it applies to jurisdictions	Note
Cold/Wind Chill, Extreme Cold/Wind Chill	wind chill	0					Wind chill: in event narratives only (local data needed).
Frost/Freeze (outside NRI's Cold Wave definition)	crop damage	0					Temperature: in event narratives only (local data needed).
Drought	U.S. Drought Monitor scale (D0 to D4)	0					Storm Events enters a drought at D2 or worse east of the Rockies and D3 or worse from the Rockies west (NWS Instruction 10-1605); NRI drought counts D3 and D4 only.
Earthquake	Modified Mercalli (local data)	0					Storm Events does not record earthquakes; the USGS earthquake catalog is the source.
Hail	hail size (inches)	207 records, 1960 to 2025	0.25 in to 2.75 in (median 0.88 in); 207 with a recorded value	2.75 in hail, 2000-06-26; same size also recorded on 1998-05-17	Hail, 2011-04-16, $40,000 property; $12,000 crops (2011 dollars)	Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Orangeburg city (31 records), Branchville town (16 records), Holly Hill town (16 records), Santee town (14 records), Rowesville town (12 records), Bowman town (11 records), Springfield town (11 records), Eutawville town (8 records), Neeses town (8 records), Elloree town (7 records); and 6 more jurisdictions (see the Excel file).
Excessive Heat, Heat	heat index (in event narratives)	0					Heat index: in event narratives only (local data needed).
Hurricane, Tropical Storm, Tropical Depression	Saffir-Simpson	7 records, 2004 to 2024 (7 zone-level)		Strongest recorded: Tropical Storm record, 2024-09-27, $4,900,000 property; $2,000,000 crops (2024 dollars); NWS zone SCZ136		Countywide (zone-level records).	Storm Events files every zone of a storm's episode under the storm's type; flooding from the storm is filed as Flood or Flash Flood records.
Ice Storm	Sperry-Piltz ice scale (local data)	4 records, 2004 to 2014 (4 zone-level)		No damage reported in 4 records.		Countywide (zone-level records).	Ice thickness: in event narratives only (local data needed).
Flash Flood, Flood, Lakeshore Flood	damage and flood days (flood depth: FIRM)	77 records, 1996 to 2026		Flash Flood, 2015-10-03, $20,000,000 property; $10,000,000 crops (2015 dollars)		Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Orangeburg city (20 records), Holly Hill town (8 records), North town (7 records), Santee town (4 records), Bowman town (3 records), Eutawville town (3 records), Neeses town (3 records), Cope town (2 records), Elloree town (2 records), Norway town (2 records); and 6 more jurisdictions (see the Excel file).	Flood depth: see the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map. Storm Events damage is often $0 or blank for floods, major ones included; FEMA Public Assistance by declaration (B1-d) shows which floods cost the most.
Debris Flow	none (count and damage only)	0					Physical measure: in event narratives only (local data needed).
Lightning	annualized frequency (the measure FEMA's Local Mitigation Planning Handbook names)	8 records, 1996 to 2008		Lightning, 2008-07-05, $0 property; $0 crops (2008 dollars), 1 direct death	Lightning, 1997-07-05, $300,000 property; $0 crops (1997 dollars)	Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Orangeburg city (2 records), Bowman town (1 record), Cope town (1 record), Eutawville town (1 record), Norway town (1 record), Santee town (1 record).	Storm Events lists lightning with damage or casualties; physical measure in event narratives only (local data needed).
High Wind and Strong Wind (outside NRI's Strong Wind definition)	wind speed (kt and mph)	16 records, 2008 to 2024 (16 zone-level)	38 kt (44 mph) to 60 kt (69 mph) (median 47.5 kt (55 mph)); 16 with a recorded value	60 kt (69 mph) estimated gust, High Wind, 2014-10-14; NWS zone SCZ036	High Wind, 2016-10-08, $1,000,000 property; $0 crops, reported for the zone (2016 dollars)	Countywide (zone-level records).
Thunderstorm Wind	wind speed (kt and mph)	545 records, 1956 to 2026	35 kt (40 mph) to 96 kt (110 mph) (median 55 kt (63 mph)); 453 with a recorded value	96 kt (110 mph) estimated gust, Thunderstorm Wind, 2019-06-20	Thunderstorm Wind, 2013-06-04, $380,000 property; $0 crops (2013 dollars)	Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Orangeburg city (72 records), North town (39 records), Bowman town (33 records), Cope town (26 records), Branchville town (24 records), Springfield town (23 records), Cordova town (20 records), Rowesville town (19 records), Norway town (18 records), Elloree town (17 records); and 7 more jurisdictions (see the Excel file).
Tornado	Enhanced Fujita (Fujita before Feb 2007)	75 records, 1953 to 2024	F/EF0 to F/EF3 (median F/EF1); 74 with a recorded value	EF3 tornado, 2020-04-13, 21.9 mi within this county, 770 yd wide, damage not reported, 2 direct deaths, 7 direct injuries	Tornado, 1977-12-05, $2,500,000 property; crops not recorded (1977 dollars)	Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Branchville town (7 records), Orangeburg city (6 records), Rowesville town (5 records), Bowman town (4 records), Cope town (4 records), Holly Hill town (3 records), Neeses town (2 records), Springfield town (2 records), Vance town (2 records), Woodford town (2 records); and 4 more jurisdictions (see the Excel file).	Before 1996 a tornado is listed once, under the county where it began, with its whole path's rating and length; from 1996 on, each county lists its own segment. Length is not used to rank tornadoes (see Methods).
Wildfire	acres burned (local data)	0					Acres burned: in event narratives only (local data needed).
Winter Storm, Heavy Snow, Blizzard, Lake-Effect Snow, Winter Weather, Sleet	none in data (snowfall: local data)	13 records, 2002 to 2026 (13 zone-level)		No damage reported in 13 records.		Countywide (zone-level records).	Snow depth: in event narratives only (local data needed).

Where a hazard names more than 10 jurisdictions, the table lists the 10 with the most records; every one is in the Excel file, sheet "B1-c Extent".

Storm Events records are more complete after 1996; before 1996 only Tornado (from 1950), Hail and Thunderstorm Wind (from 1955) exist. Zone-level records whose zone no NWS zone-county file places in this county (mostly before 2020) are not counted here (the Methods page explains the zone matching).

Dollars are nominal (as reported), labeled with the year; not adjusted for inflation.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-d: previous occurrences

Federal declarations for this county: 31 declarations covering 19 separate hazard incidents counted in this packet (declarations for the same incident count once; non-natural and evacuation-only declarations are not counted).

Federal disaster declarations for this county

Sources: 1, 2, 3

Declared	Incident began	FEMA number	Type	Title	Mapped hazard	County Public Assistancefederal share obligated, nominal dollars	Flags	Notes
2026-01-23	2026-01-21	EM-3632-SC	Emergency	Severe Winter Storm	Winter Weather	no Public Assistance recorded	new since last plan; within last 5 years
2025-01-10	2024-11-06	DR-4858-SC	Major disaster	Severe Storms and Flooding	Inland Flooding	$2,761,953.64	new since last plan; within last 5 years
2024-09-29	2024-08-04	DR-4835-SC	Major disaster	Tropical Storm Debby	Hurricane (primary); also designated: Inland Flooding, Tornado	$495,854.27	new since last plan; within last 5 years
2024-09-29	2024-09-25	DR-4829-SC	Major disaster	Hurricane Helene	Hurricane (primary); also designated: Inland Flooding, Landslide, Tornado	$903,910.66	new since last plan; within last 5 years
2024-09-26	2024-09-25	EM-3619-SC	Emergency	Hurricane Helene	Hurricane (primary); also designated: Inland Flooding, Landslide, Tornado	no Public Assistance recorded	new since last plan; within last 5 years	same incident as DR-4829
2024-08-05	2024-08-04	EM-3606-SC	Emergency	Hurricane Debby	Hurricane (primary); also designated: Inland Flooding	no Public Assistance recorded	new since last plan; within last 5 years	same incident as DR-4835
2023-08-31	2023-08-29	EM-3597-SC	Emergency	Hurricane Idalia	Hurricane (primary); also designated: Inland Flooding	no Public Assistance recorded	new since last plan; within last 5 years
2022-11-21	2022-09-25	DR-4677-SC	Major disaster	Hurricane Ian	Hurricane	no Public Assistance recorded	new since last plan; within last 5 years
2022-09-29	2022-09-25	EM-3585-SC	Emergency	Hurricane Ian	Hurricane	no Public Assistance recorded	new since last plan; within last 5 years	same incident as DR-4677
2020-05-01	2020-04-12	DR-4542-SC	Major disaster	Severe Storms, Tornadoes, and Straight-Line Winds	Strong Wind; Tornado	$254,695.97
2020-03-27	2020-01-20	DR-4492-SC	Major disaster	COVID-19 Pandemic	Non-natural, not counted	$3,011,542.03
2020-03-13	2020-01-20	EM-3470-SC	Emergency	COVID-19	Non-natural, not counted	no Public Assistance recorded		same incident as DR-4492
2019-09-01	2019-08-31	EM-3421-SC	Emergency	Hurricane Dorian	Hurricane	no Public Assistance recorded
2018-09-16	2018-09-08	DR-4394-SC	Major disaster	Hurricane Florence	Hurricane	$116,597.89
2018-09-10	2018-09-08	EM-3400-SC	Emergency	Hurricane Florence	Hurricane	no Public Assistance recorded		same incident as DR-4394
2017-10-16	2017-09-06	DR-4346-SC	Major disaster	Hurricane Irma	Hurricane	$17,689
2017-09-07	2017-09-06	EM-3386-SC	Emergency	Hurricane Irma	Hurricane	no Public Assistance recorded		same incident as DR-4346
2016-10-11	2016-10-04	DR-4286-SC	Major disaster	Hurricane Matthew	Hurricane	$2,280,077.55
2016-10-06	2016-10-04	EM-3378-SC	Emergency	Hurricane Matthew	Hurricane	no Public Assistance recorded		same incident as DR-4286
2015-10-05	2015-10-01	DR-4241-SC	Major disaster	Severe Storms and Flooding	Inland Flooding	$1,018,826.19
2015-10-03	2015-10-01	EM-3373-SC	Emergency	Severe Storms and Flooding	Inland Flooding	no Public Assistance recorded		same incident as DR-4241
2014-03-12	2014-02-10	DR-4166-SC	Major disaster	Severe Winter Storm	Ice Storm	$1,739,195.56
2014-02-12	2014-02-10	EM-3369-SC	Emergency	Severe Winter Storm	Ice Storm	no Public Assistance recorded		same incident as DR-4166
2005-09-10	2005-08-29	EM-3233-SC	Emergency	Hurricane Katrina Evacuation	Hurricane: evacuation support, not a local hazard event; not counted	no Public Assistance recorded
2004-02-13	2004-01-26	DR-1509-SC	Major disaster	Severe Ice Storm	Ice Storm	$1,554,809.94
2000-01-31	2000-01-22	DR-1313-SC	Major disaster	Severe Winter Storm	Winter Weather	$5,849.57
1999-09-21	1999-09-14	DR-1299-SC	Major disaster	Hurricane Floyd Major Disaster Declarations	Hurricane	$35,665.10
1999-09-15	1999-09-14	EM-3145-SC	Emergency	Hurricane Floyd Emergency Declarations	Hurricane	no Public Assistance recorded		same incident as DR-1299
1990-10-22	1990-10-11	DR-881-SC	Major disaster	Severe Storms & Flooding	Inland Flooding	PA not declared for this county
1989-09-22	1989-09-21	DR-843-SC	Major disaster	Hurricane Hugo	Hurricane	no Public Assistance recorded
1977-08-04	1977-08-04	EM-3047-SC	Emergency	Drought	Drought	no Public Assistance recorded

County Public Assistance: applicants the FEMA record places in this county, including any state agencies FEMA files there; statewide rows are listed on the state page; federal share obligated, nominal dollars.

Statewide declarations

Source: 2

Declared	Incident began	FEMA number	Type	Title	Mapped hazard
1955-08-20	1955-08-20	DR-44-SC	Major disaster	Hurricanes	Hurricane (primary); also designated: Inland Flooding
1954-10-17	1954-10-17	DR-29-SC	Major disaster	Hurricane	Hurricane (primary); also designated: Inland Flooding

FEMA recorded these with designated area Statewide and no county, so they are listed on every county page in the state and not counted with county rows. Local data needed: whether each one affected this county.

Previous occurrences by hazard, with explicit no-event rows

Sources: 2, 6, 7

Hazard	Storm Events records, all years on file(years in the Period column)	Since plan approvalrecords	In the 12 months before plan approvalrecords	Last 5 yearsrecords	Declared incidents, all yearsseparate disasters	Declared since approvalseparate disasters	Period	Statement
Cold Wave	0	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Drought	0	0	0	0	1	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	No Storm Events records of this type; 1 federal declared incident (see declarations table)
Earthquake	0	0	0	0	0	0		Storm Events does not record earthquakes; the USGS earthquake catalog is the source.
Hail	207	10	5	15	0	0	1955 to 2026-06-30
Heat Wave	0	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Hurricane	7	3	0	3	10	4	1996 to 2026-06-30
Ice Storm	4	0	0	0	2	0	1996 to 2026-06-30
Inland Flooding	77	43	3	46	6	4	1996 to 2026-06-30
Landslide	0	0	0	0	1	1	1996 to 2026-06-30	No Storm Events records of this type; 1 federal declared incident (see declarations table)
Lightning	8	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30
Strong Wind	561	56	35	91	1	0	1955 to 2026-06-30	Includes 7 High Wind and 9 Strong Wind records.
Tornado	75	6	3	9	3	2	1950 to 2026-06-30
Wildfire	0	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Winter Weather	13	5	1	6	2	1	1996 to 2026-06-30

Notable Storm Events records

Sources: 1, 6, 7

Date	Event type	Magnitude or extent	Damagenominal dollars	Deaths, injuriesdirect only	Location	Flags	Why listed
2024-11-07	Flood		$0 property; $0 crops (2024 dollars)	2, 0	ORANGEBURG ARPT	new since last plan; within last 5 years	deaths or injuries recorded
2024-09-27	Tropical Storm		$4,900,000 property; $2,000,000 crops, reported for the zone (2024 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone SCZ136 (CENTRAL ORANGEBURG), zone-level	new since last plan; within last 5 years	B1-c worst recorded: Hurricane, Tropical Storm, Tropical Depression
2020-04-13	Tornado	EF3, 21.9 mi within this county, 770 yd wide	damage not reported	2, 7	SPRINGFIELD to WOLFTON		deaths or injuries recorded
2019-07-13	Thunderstorm Wind	50 kt (58 mph) estimated gust	damage not reported	1, 0	SANTEE		deaths or injuries recorded
2019-06-20	Thunderstorm Wind	96 kt (110 mph) estimated gust	damage not reported	0, 0	CORDOVA to ORANGEBURG ARPT		B1-c worst recorded: Thunderstorm Wind
2016-10-08	High Wind	56 kt (64 mph) estimated gust	$1,000,000 property; $0 crops, reported for the zone (2016 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone SCZ036 (ORANGEBURG), zone-level		B1-c most damaging: High Wind and Strong Wind
2015-10-03	Flash Flood		$20,000,000 property; $10,000,000 crops (2015 dollars)	0, 0	EUTAWVILLE to HOLLY HILL		B1-c worst recorded: Flash Flood, Flood, Lakeshore Flood
2014-10-14	High Wind	60 kt (69 mph) estimated gust	$18,000 property; $0 crops, reported for the zone (2014 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone SCZ036 (ORANGEBURG), zone-level		B1-c worst recorded: High Wind and Strong Wind
2013-06-04	Thunderstorm Wind	80 kt (92 mph) estimated gust	$380,000 property; $0 crops (2013 dollars)	0, 0	BOWMAN to WELLS		B1-c most damaging: Thunderstorm Wind
2008-07-05	Lightning		$0 property; $0 crops (2008 dollars)	1, 0	EUTAWVILLE		B1-c worst recorded: Lightning
2000-06-26	Hail	2.75 in	damage not reported	0, 0	BRANCHVILLE		B1-c worst recorded: Hail
1977-12-05	Tornado	F1, 9.8 mi path length (whole path, pre-1996), 130 yd wide	$2,500,000 property; crops not recorded (1977 dollars)	0, 7	location not recorded		B1-c most damaging: Tornado

The full list is in the Excel file, sheet "B1-d Storm Events history" (952 rows).

Location is the place NOAA recorded, as written in its data; it need not be a jurisdiction in this plan.

Local data needed: state-declared emergencies, from your state emergency management agency (federal data do not include them).

Tribal and special-area declarations in this state are listed on the state page.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-e: probability of future events

Probability: FEMA annualized frequency and descriptor per hazard

Sources: 5, 6

Hazard	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)unit per row	Unit	In plain terms	Descriptor	Descriptor basis	NRI events or days in its record period (hail, wind and tornado are area-weighted, so can be fractional)	NRI period	Location	Note
Cold Wave	0.21	event-days per year	about 0.21 days per year		event-days in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%)	4	2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years)	countywide	No Storm Events cold wave record, 1996 to 2025.
Drought	13.7	event-days per year	about 13.7 days per year		event-days in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%)	525	2000 to 2025 (25.25 years; D3 and D4 only)	countywide	No Storm Events drought record, 1996 to 2025
Earthquake	0.00493	annual probability at a location	chance a given location in the county has at least minor-damage shaking in a year: 0.493%			not shown	modeled	see B1-f	No descriptor (Storm Events does not record earthquakes).
Hail	3.48	events per year	about 3.48 per year	Highly likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	132.3 (modeled)	1986 to 2023 (38 years)	countywide
Heat Wave	5	event-days per year	about 5 days per year		event-days in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%)	77	2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years)	countywide	No Storm Events heat wave record, 1996 to 2025
Hurricane	0.247	events per year	about 1 in 4 years	Likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	98	1851 to 2024 (Atlantic)	see B1-f	NRI counts hurricane and tropical storm tracks passing within storm-force wind range; federal declarations are in B1-d.
Ice Storm	1.08	event-days per year	about 1.08 days per year	Likely (from Storm Events: 3 of 30 years)	event-days in 3 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (10%)	73	1946-12-31 to 2014-02-12 (67 years)	countywide
Inland Flooding	0.786	event-days per year	about 0.786 days per year	Likely (from Storm Events: 13 of 30 years)	event-days in 13 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (43.3%)	22	1996 to 2023 (28 years)	see B1-f
Landslide	0.274	events per year (modeled)	about 1 in 4 years	Likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	not shown	modeled	see B1-f
Lightning	62.9	days per year with a strike	about 62.9 days per year	Highly likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	not shown	1995 to 2023 (29 years; CONUS)	countywide
Strong Wind	4.71	events per year	about 4.71 per year	Highly likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	179	1986 to 2023 (38 years)	countywide
Tornado	0.756	events per year	about 0.76 per year	Likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	not shown	1950 to 2023 (EF2+); 1986 to 2023 (EF0-1)	see B1-f
Wildfire	0.00102	annual probability at a location	chance a given location in the county burns in a year: 0.102%		Storm Events records in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%)	not shown	modeled	see B1-f	No descriptor: no Storm Events record 1996 to 2025
Winter Weather	1.37	event-days per year	about 1.37 days per year	Likely (from Storm Events: 8 of 30 years)	event-days in 8 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (26.7%)	26	2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years)	countywide

FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) is the National Risk Index v1.20 (December 2025) estimate of how often a hazard affects this county in a year; it is not recorded events divided by years, and its unit differs by hazard (events, event-days, or days with a lightning strike per year). For earthquake, wildfire, coastal flooding and tsunami the value is the chance (or number of events) at a location in the county, not across the county, so no "1 in N years" is given and the descriptor comes from Storm Events where it has a record (none for earthquake). The Methods page gives each hazard's method, from FEMA's National Risk Index Technical Documentation v1.20.

Where NRI gives event-days, the descriptor comes from the share of years with a Storm Events record; NRI's source records more events, so the two differ.

Descriptor scale used in this packet (defined per unit)

Sources: 5, 6

Unit	Descriptor	Definition
events per year	Highly likely	1 or more per year
events per year	Likely	about once in 1 to 10 years
events per year	Possible	about once in 10 to 100 years
events per year	Unlikely	less than once in 100 years
annual probability	Likely	10% to under 100% chance in a given year
annual probability	Possible	1% to under 10% chance in a given year
annual probability	Unlikely	under 1% chance in a given year
event-days (share of years)	Highly likely	event-days recorded in 90% or more of years
event-days (share of years)	Likely	event-days recorded in 10% to under 90% of years
event-days (share of years)	Possible	event-days recorded in some years but under 10% of years
lightning strike-days	Highly likely	cloud-to-ground strikes on 1 or more days per year

Intensity bands: historical frequency (Storm Events)

Source: 6

Hazard	Band	Years	Eventscounty-coded records	Years in period	Events per yearevents / years
Hail	1.00-1.99 in	1996 to 2025	73	30	2.43
Hail	2.00 in+	1996 to 2025	3	30	0.1
Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind)	50-64 kt	1996 to 2025	415	30	13.8
Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind)	65 kt+	1996 to 2025	24	30	0.8
Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind)	unmeasured or below 50 kt	1996 to 2025	12	30	0.4
Tornado	EF0-1	1996 to 2025	37	30	1.23
Tornado	EF2-3	1996 to 2025	7	30	0.233
Tornado	EF4-5	1996 to 2025	0	30	0
Tornado	unrated (EFU)	1996 to 2025	0	30	0

The bands show how often events of each severity were recorded in this county, to profile how severe events have been (FEMA's probability item asks for the range of intensities).

Hail smaller than 1 inch is not counted: on 2010-01-05 the National Weather Service raised its severe-hail threshold from 3/4 inch to 1 inch, so smaller reports became less common after 2009 (NWS Service Change Notice 09-52). NRI hail frequency uses a 0.75 inch threshold.

Optional: future conditions. Not a required item in the 2025 FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Policy Guide; some states ask for it. The federal Climate Mapping for Resilience and Adaptation (CMRA) site gives county exposure to future climate conditions (https://resilience.climate.gov/).

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-f: hazards that vary across jurisdictions

Range of census tract risk within the county

Source: 5

Hazard	Tractsrated of all	NRI risk score, 0 to 100			Tracts by rating
Hazard	Tractsrated of all	Min	Median	Max	Tracts by rating
Cold Wave	39 of 39	29.3	41.6	81.3	Relatively High 2, Relatively Moderate 13, Relatively Low 24
Drought	38 of 39	67.1	87.2	95.0	Relatively Moderate 5, Relatively Low 26, Very Low 7, No Rating 1
Earthquake	39 of 39	69.2	81.6	96.0	Relatively High 5, Relatively Moderate 26, Relatively Low 8
Hail	39 of 39	42.1	56.0	80.4	Relatively Moderate 10, Relatively Low 29
Heat Wave	39 of 39	13.8	30.4	82.0	Relatively Moderate 11, Relatively Low 26, Very Low 2
Hurricane	39 of 39	80.5	86.9	97.0	Relatively High 15, Relatively Moderate 24
Ice Storm	39 of 39	45.7	69.6	92.5	Relatively High 7, Relatively Moderate 13, Relatively Low 19
Inland Flooding	39 of 39	2.0	13.4	78.5	Relatively Moderate 9, Relatively Low 9, Very Low 21
Landslide	39 of 39	17.6	61.5	82.4	Relatively Low 3, Very Low 36
Lightning	39 of 39	33.9	54.1	95.8	Relatively High 12, Relatively Moderate 13, Relatively Low 14
Strong Wind	39 of 39	47.2	67.8	96.7	Very High 1, Relatively High 13, Relatively Moderate 22, Relatively Low 3
Tornado	39 of 39	24.8	36.0	67.8	Relatively Moderate 10, Relatively Low 26, Very Low 3
Wildfire	39 of 39	19.9	79.0	94.1	Relatively Moderate 3, Relatively Low 30, Very Low 6
Winter Weather	39 of 39	27.1	37.1	74.8	Relatively Moderate 14, Relatively Low 25

Drought: Agriculture is all of NRI's expected annual loss for this hazard in the county, so the tract range mostly reflects where crop and livestock value is.

Rated tracts only: No Rating (score 0.0), Not Applicable and Insufficient Data tracts are counted but not used for the minimum, median and maximum.

The score ranks a tract against all U.S. tracts (100 = highest). The rating is FEMA's category for the tract's risk value, computed differently, so the two can disagree.

Frequency data for cold wave, drought, hail, heat wave, ice storm, lightning, strong wind and winter weather are county-wide or coarse (49 km grid or NWS zone), the same for every jurisdiction; the tract range mostly reflects where buildings and people are (crop and livestock value where a line above names agriculture).

Each jurisdiction (starting figures from federal data)

Sources: 1, 3, 4, 6

Jurisdiction	Type	Plan status	Repetitive lossFMA RL and SRL (44 CFR 77.2); repeat-flood, any definition	Public Assistance to this jurisdictionFEMA records matched by applicant name; federal share obligated, nominal dollars	Event records naming this placeall years; since its plan	Notes
Orangeburg County (unincorporated area)	Unincorporated	Approved, expires 2027-09-25	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 9	$4,620,453.53	0 total; 0 since its plan	Includes $504,928.23 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4492-SC).
Bowman town	Town	Approved, expires 2031-08-02	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$49,302.97	52 total; not yet covered	Also approved under plan 107944 (Orangeburg County, expires 2027-09-25). FEMA's plan status map shows one plan per jurisdiction and may show one of these; this packet uses the approved plan that expires last.
Branchville town	Town	Approved, expires 2027-09-25	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$4,032.30	48 total; 6 since its plan
Cope town	Town	Approved, expires 2027-09-25	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$3,450	38 total; 4 since its plan
Cordova town	Town	Approved, expires 2027-09-25	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$14,868.23	26 total; 3 since its plan
Elloree town	Town	Approved, expires 2031-08-02	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$31,102.19	26 total; not yet covered	Also approved under plan 107944 (Orangeburg County, expires 2027-09-25). FEMA's plan status map shows one plan per jurisdiction and may show one of these; this packet uses the approved plan that expires last.
Eutawville town	Town	Approved, expires 2031-08-02	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	no Public Assistance recorded	27 total; not yet covered	Also approved under plan 107944 (Orangeburg County, expires 2027-09-25). FEMA's plan status map shows one plan per jurisdiction and may show one of these; this packet uses the approved plan that expires last.
Holly Hill town	Town	Plan 111830 approved 2026-08-03, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 2	$65,282.65	40 total; no approved plan
Livingston town	Town	Approved, expires 2027-09-25	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$1,080	4 total; 2 since its plan
Neeses town	Town	Approved, expires 2027-09-25	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	no Public Assistance recorded	30 total; 3 since its plan
North town	Town	Approved, expires 2027-09-25	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$7,857.30	50 total; 6 since its plan
Norway town	Town	Approved, expires 2031-08-02	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$68,956.42	24 total; not yet covered	Also approved under plan 107944 (Orangeburg County, expires 2027-09-25). FEMA's plan status map shows one plan per jurisdiction and may show one of these; this packet uses the approved plan that expires last.
Orangeburg city	City	Approved, expires 2027-09-25	FMA RL 1, SRL 0; any 3	$2,451,194.13	131 total; 9 since its plan	Includes $27,895.27 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4492-SC).
Rowesville town	Town	Approved, expires 2027-09-25	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$8,704.13	38 total; 11 since its plan
Santee town	Town	Approved, expires 2031-08-02	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	no Public Assistance recorded	37 total; not yet covered	Also approved under plan 107944 (Orangeburg County, expires 2027-09-25). FEMA's plan status map shows one plan per jurisdiction and may show one of these; this packet uses the approved plan that expires last.
Springfield town	Town	Approved, expires 2027-09-25	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$42,180.26	37 total; 4 since its plan
Vance town	Town	Approved, expires 2031-08-02	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	no Public Assistance recorded	15 total; not yet covered	Also approved under plan 107944 (Orangeburg County, expires 2027-09-25). FEMA's plan status map shows one plan per jurisdiction and may show one of these; this packet uses the approved plan that expires last.
Woodford town	Town	Plan 111830 approved 2026-08-03, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	no Public Assistance recorded	12 total; no approved plan

Repetitive-loss counts are for whole NFIP communities, which can extend beyond this county (see the note in B2-c).

County Public Assistance in B1-d also includes applicants filed under the county that are not jurisdictions in this plan (for example state agencies, special districts and nonprofits), so the jurisdiction rows add up to less.

Supports FEMA checklist items B2-a and B2-b: vulnerability and potential impacts

Local data needed

The table below gives county-level starting figures; the plan describes impacts for each jurisdiction and its own assets.

Critical facilities and lifelines per hazard
A problem statement per jurisdiction per hazard
Changes in development in hazard-prone areas since the last approval, or a statement of none (E1-a)
Future assets

County-level starter: exposure, expected annual loss and damage since the plan

Sources: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7

Hazard	Building exposuremodeled dollars	Agriculture exposuremodeled dollars	Population exposedpeople	EAL buildingsmodeled dollars per year	EAL agriculturemodeled dollars per year	Cost of expected deaths and injuriesFEMA's dollar value per year, not property damage	EAL as % of exposurebuildings; agriculture where noted	Storm Events damage since 2022-09-26county-coded records, property plus crops, nominal dollars	Zone-level damage since planproperty plus crops, reported for the zone	Public Assistance since plannominal dollars; see note	Note
Cold Wave	$19,405,633,558	$275,463,711	84,183	$2,861	$66,920	$1,654,946	under 0.0001%
Drought	n/a	$117,194,933	n/a	n/a	$453,821	n/a	0.387% (agriculture)				NRI has no building exposure for this hazard; agriculture shown
Earthquake	$34,428,621,673	n/a	84,223	$6,018,241	n/a	$4,691,566	0.0175%
Hail	$19,405,633,558	$275,463,711	84,183	$232,580	$34,493	$198,512	0.0012%	$600
Heat Wave	$19,405,633,558	$275,463,711	84,183	$66	$375	$1,035,997	under 0.0001%
Hurricane	$19,405,633,558	$275,463,711	84,183	$12,243,180	$2,005,231	$598,440	0.0631%		$6,900,000	$1,399,764.93
Ice Storm	$19,405,549,176	n/a	84,182	$392,324	n/a	$88,800	0.00202%
Inland Flooding	$19,392,856,171	$4,395,527	1,356	$10,455,591	$55,685	$54,375	n/a (see note)	$710,000		$4,161,718.57	NRI counts the full building value of any census block with some flood loss; this is not the value of buildings in the floodplain. Use local FIRM overlays for B2-a/B2-b.
Landslide	$48,174,766	n/a	174	$721	n/a	$4	0.0015%			$903,910.66
Lightning	$19,405,633,558	n/a	84,183	$46,706	n/a	$587,143	0.000241%
Strong Wind	$19,405,633,558	$275,463,711	84,183	$157,017	$8,957	$1,465,361	0.000809%	$10,400
Tornado	$19,405,633,558	$275,463,711	84,183	$886,070	$6,992	$527,344	0.00457%	$0		$1,399,764.93
Wildfire	$2,427,534,172	$73,814,283	21,330	$224,638	$667	$35,720	0.00925%
Winter Weather	$19,405,633,558	$275,463,711	84,183	$7,184	$204	$61,064	under 0.0001%			no Public Assistance recorded (1 declaration)

Totals since 2022-09-26 (Storm Events through 2026-06-30): 110 county-coded records, 58 with a damage value recorded (including $0), $721,000; 13 zone-level records, 2 with a damage value recorded (including $0), $6,900,000 reported for the zone; Public Assistance: $4,161,718.57 on 9 counted declarations, 3 of them with Public Assistance.

FEMA does not split Public Assistance by hazard. A declaration mapped to several hazards is listed under each of them with its full amount, so the per-hazard column does not add up to the total; the unit total counts each declaration once.

NRI computes earthquake exposure on its own basis, so it exceeds the county building value in B2-a.

Supports FEMA checklist item B2-a: vulnerability (county context)

County context

Source: 5

Measure	Value
Population	84,183
Building value (total, not at risk)	$19,405,633,558
Agriculture value (total, not at risk)	$275,463,711
NRI risk rating (all hazards)	Relatively Moderate
Expected annual loss, buildings and agriculture, all hazards	$33,300,523
Expected annual loss, population equivalence, all hazards (NRI values each statistical life at $13.7M; a modeled value of expected deaths and injuries, not property damage)	$10,999,271
Social vulnerability rating	Very High
Community resilience rating	Relatively Moderate
NRI version	December 2025

FEMA's all-hazard expected annual loss adds buildings, agriculture and population equivalence; this table gives the property part and the population-equivalence part as separate rows.

Social vulnerability: higher means people are more likely to be harmed and slower to recover. Community resilience: lower means the community is less able to recover. High social vulnerability and low resilience both raise the NRI risk rating.

Supports FEMA checklist item B2-c: repetitive loss properties

Repetitive loss in this county, both definitions

Sources: 1, 4

Definition	Properties	Severe repetitive loss	Properties
Repetitive loss, FMA definition (44 CFR 77.2)	1	Severe repetitive loss, FMA definition (44 CFR 77.2)	0
Repetitive loss, NFIP insurance definition	14	Severe repetitive loss, NFIP insurance definition	0

The state NFIP coordinator's list, the source FEMA's Handbook names, often uses the NFIP insurance definition (second row).

Repeat-flood properties: county and state-level rows

Sources: 1, 4

Scope	RL, FMAproperties	RL, NFIPproperties	Any categoryproperties	Currently insuredproperties
County total	1	14	14	11
of which: Orangeburg County (unincorporated area)	0	9	9	9
of which: Holly Hill town	0	2	2	1
of which: Orangeburg city	1	3	3	1
Statewide, no county in FEMA's file	0	2	2	0

The statewide row counts properties FEMA's file gives with no county in this state; they are listed for reference and are not in this county's counts.

Repeat-flood properties by jurisdiction in the plan (NFIP community)

Sources: 1, 4

Jurisdiction	NFIP community ID	RL, FMAproperties	RL, NFIPproperties	Any categoryproperties	Currently insuredproperties
Orangeburg County (unincorporated area)	450160	0	9	9	9
Bowman town	450161	0	0	0	0
Branchville town	450162	0	0	0	0
Cope town	450301	0	0	0	0
Cordova town	450302	0	0	0	0
Elloree town	450279	0	0	0	0
Eutawville town	450239	0	0	0	0
Holly Hill town	450163	0	2	2	1
Livingston town	450303	0	0	0	0
Neeses town	450280	0	0	0	0
North town	450281	0	0	0	0
Norway town	450213	0	0	0	0
Orangeburg city	450164	1	3	3	1
Rowesville town	450165	0	0	0	0
Santee town	450282	0	0	0	0
Springfield town	450283	0	0	0	0
Vance town	450284	0	0	0	0
Woodford town	450304	0	0	0	0

Counts by occupancy group for each jurisdiction are in the Excel file, sheet "B2-c Jurisdictions".

Jurisdiction rows are whole NFIP communities and need not add up to the county total: a community that extends into another county is counted in full on each jurisdiction row, while the county table counts only its part in this county.

County repeat-flood properties by occupancy group

Sources: 1, 4

Occupancy group	RL, FMAproperties	RL, NFIPproperties	Any categoryproperties	Currently insuredproperties
single-family residential	1	13	13	11
2 to 4 unit residential	0	1	1	0
other residential	0	0	0	0
non-residential	0	0	0	0
not reported	0	0	0	0

FEMA's occupancy groups have no institutional class; institutional properties are counted in non-residential or other residential in the table by occupancy group.

FMA RL and FMA SRL are the Flood Mitigation Assistance definitions (44 CFR 77.2), the ones the FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Policy Guide cites. NFIP repetitive loss (the FEMA insurance definition) is 2 or more claims over $1,000 in 10 years, and a property can leave that group once it is mitigated. Also shown: NFIP severe repetitive loss, any category, mitigated and currently insured. The Methods page gives the OpenFEMA field details.

Counts are aggregates of FEMA's public NFIP Multiple Loss Properties file (FEMA's data date 2026-08-02; file version 2026-08-04). No property is identified. County assignment is FEMA's geocode.

In this county 0 properties are FMA repetitive loss but not NFIP repetitive loss, and 13 properties are NFIP repetitive loss but not FMA repetitive loss.

Exact counts; no count suppression.

Sources

Tables cite these sources by number. The full list, for the plan's bibliography (FEMA review item A4-a):

FEMA, OpenFEMA HazardMitigationPlanStatuses v1, version 2026-09-29T134039Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/HazardMitigationPlanStatuses (API)
FEMA, OpenFEMA DisasterDeclarationsSummaries v2, version 2026-09-29T162832Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v2/DisasterDeclarationsSummaries (API)
FEMA, OpenFEMA PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries v1, version 2026-09-29T150754Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries (API)
FEMA, OpenFEMA NfipMultipleLossProperties v1, version 2026-08-04T164045Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/NfipMultipleLossProperties (API)
FEMA, FEMA National Risk Index 1.20.0 (December 2025), county and census tract tables, version 1.20.0, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_Counties.zip (download, 25 MB), https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_CensusTracts.zip (download, 635 MB)
NOAA NCEI, NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, details files (csvfiles v1.0), version c20260918, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/swdi/stormevents/csvfiles/
NOAA National Weather Service, NWS county-public forecast zones correlation file, version bp03mr20 to bp16ap26 (11 files; newest bp16ap26), pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.weather.gov/gis/ZoneCounty
U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2024 Gazetteer, 2020 place by county, CT county-to-cousub crosswalk, version 2024-gazetteer, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_counties_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_cousubs_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_place_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_unsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_elsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_scsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/reference/codes2020/national_place_by_county2020.txt, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/reference/ct_change/ct_cou_to_cousub_crosswalk.xlsx (used to match place names and codes; no table prints its values)

What this packet is and what the plan adds

This packet is the federal data for the plan's risk assessment, organized by the items of FEMA's Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool, Element B. Each section heading names the item its tables support; the plan and FEMA's review decide whether the item is met.

The plan adds what only the community has: local data on assets, critical facilities, development and each jurisdiction's impacts; local hazard history, including state-declared emergencies; the mitigation strategy; and adoption.

How the federal data are built: National Risk Index values are FEMA's model, not counts of events. Storm Events is more complete from 1996; zone-level records are placed by forecast zone, not by location in the county. Public Assistance for a jurisdiction is matched by applicant name. The Methods page gives every rule and the known edge cases.

OpenFEMA disclaimer

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

Reuse, citation and corrections

Reuse and citation: Hazard Plain text and tables are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); credit Hazard Plain and the release. The underlying federal data are public domain; OpenFEMA data are also subject to the OpenFEMA terms and conditions.

Cite this: Hazard Plain (2026). Orangeburg County, SC: risk-assessment baseline packet, release 2026-10 (data as of 2026-09-30; County FIPS 45075). Automated baseline. https://hazardplain.org/sc/45075/ Built from FEMA OpenFEMA, the FEMA National Risk Index and NOAA NCEI Storm Events; source versions in the packet's Sources list.

Corrections: to report an error, name the packet, the table and what your records show. Contact: [email protected]

Hazard Plain release 2026-10. As of 2026-09-30; Storm Events data through 2026-06-30. Automated baseline.