Lorain County, OH: risk-assessment baseline packet, release 2026-10

Summary

Plan status as of 2026-09-30: Approved, expires 2027-11-08. Plan: Lorain County (FEMA plan 108637), approved 2022-11-09.

Since the plan was approved on 2022-11-09: no new federal declaration.

NOAA Storm Events records since that date: 84 records (data through 2026-06-30).

Highest expected annual loss (FEMA National Risk Index, modeled total; see B1-a): Inland Flooding ($42,681,120 a year), Tornado ($8,391,886) and Cold Wave ($5,501,529).

Repetitive-loss flood properties now: FMA RL 2, SRL 7 (44 CFR 77.2); any definition: 65.

The tables that follow are organized by the items of FEMA's Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool, Element B (B1-a to B2-c); each heading says which item its tables support.

Terms used

EAL:: expected annual loss: FEMA's modeled average yearly loss from a hazard.
NRI:: FEMA's National Risk Index (version 1.20, December 2025).
NFIP:: National Flood Insurance Program.
RL, SRL:: repetitive loss and severe repetitive loss: flood-insured properties with repeated claims (definitions in B2-c).
FMA, HMGP:: Flood Mitigation Assistance and Hazard Mitigation Grant Program, FEMA mitigation grants.
PA:: FEMA Public Assistance: disaster aid to governments and some nonprofits.
Zone-level:: NOAA logged the event for a National Weather Service forecast zone, which may include parts of neighboring counties.
County-coded:: NOAA logged the event to this county.
FIPS:: the federal code for a place; 39093 is this area.
D0 to D4:: U.S. Drought Monitor categories, from abnormally dry (D0) to exceptional drought (D4).
F/EF, EFU:: Fujita and Enhanced Fujita tornado ratings; EFU is an unrated tornado.
kt, CONUS:: knots (1 kt is about 1.15 mph); the contiguous United States.
CFR:: Code of Federal Regulations.
A4-a, E1-a:: other items of FEMA's Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool (sources, and changes since the last plan).
Dollars:: nominal (as reported, labeled with the year), not adjusted for inflation.

Plan clock

Status:: Approved, expires 2027-11-08
Plan:: Lorain County (FEMA plan 108637)
Approved:: 2022-11-09
Days to expiry:: 404

What changed since your last plan (approved 2022-11-09)

New federal declarations:: none
Storm Events records since approval:: 84 records (data through 2026-06-30)
Repetitive loss now:: FMA RL 2, SRL 7 (44 CFR 77.2); any definition: 65
Repeat-flood change:: this release sets the baseline count.

Sources: 1, 2, 4, 6 (numbered list at the end)

Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county: 17 rows, in the section "Plan clock: Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county" on the following pages.

State plan status and tribal plans in this state: see the state page.

Plan clock

Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county

Source: 1

Jurisdiction	Type	Status	Plan	Approved	Expires	Days to expirynegative = days since expiry	Update underway	Notes
Lorain County	County	Approved, expires 2027-11-08	Lorain County (FEMA plan 108637)	2022-11-09	2027-11-08	404
Amherst city	City	Approved, expires 2027-11-08	Lorain County (FEMA plan 108637)	2022-11-09	2027-11-08	404		this jurisdiction approved 2023-01-16
Avon city	City	Plan 108637 approved 2022-11-09, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	Lorain County (FEMA plan 108637), pending adoption here	2022-11-09 by FEMA; not yet adopted here	2027-11-08 once adopted		FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan.
Avon Lake city	City	Plan 108637 approved 2022-11-09, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	Lorain County (FEMA plan 108637), pending adoption here	2022-11-09 by FEMA; not yet adopted here	2027-11-08 once adopted		FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan.
Elyria city	City	Plan 108637 approved 2022-11-09, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	Lorain County (FEMA plan 108637), pending adoption here	2022-11-09 by FEMA; not yet adopted here	2027-11-08 once adopted		FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan.
Kipton village	Village	Plan 108637 approved 2022-11-09, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	Lorain County (FEMA plan 108637), pending adoption here	2022-11-09 by FEMA; not yet adopted here	2027-11-08 once adopted		FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan.
Lorain city	City	Plan 108637 approved 2022-11-09, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	Lorain County (FEMA plan 108637), pending adoption here	2022-11-09 by FEMA; not yet adopted here	2027-11-08 once adopted		FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan.
North Ridgeville city	City	Plan 108637 approved 2022-11-09, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	Lorain County (FEMA plan 108637), pending adoption here	2022-11-09 by FEMA; not yet adopted here	2027-11-08 once adopted		FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan.
Oberlin city	City	Approved, expires 2027-11-08	Lorain County (FEMA plan 108637)	2022-11-09	2027-11-08	404		this jurisdiction approved 2023-12-12
Rochester village	Village	Plan 108637 approved 2022-11-09, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	Lorain County (FEMA plan 108637), pending adoption here	2022-11-09 by FEMA; not yet adopted here	2027-11-08 once adopted		FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan.
Sheffield Lake city	City	Approved, expires 2027-11-08	Lorain County (FEMA plan 108637)	2022-11-09	2027-11-08	404		this jurisdiction approved 2023-03-07
Sheffield village	Village	Approved, expires 2027-11-08	Lorain County (FEMA plan 108637)	2022-11-09	2027-11-08	404		this jurisdiction approved 2023-12-12
South Amherst village	Village	Plan 108637 approved 2022-11-09, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	Lorain County (FEMA plan 108637), pending adoption here	2022-11-09 by FEMA; not yet adopted here	2027-11-08 once adopted		FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan.
Vermilion city	City	No approved plan on record. Approvable pending adoption, not yet eligible	none	none	none		FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan.
Wellington village	Village	Plan 108637 approved 2022-11-09, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	Lorain County (FEMA plan 108637), pending adoption here	2022-11-09 by FEMA; not yet adopted here	2027-11-08 once adopted		FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan.
Grafton township	Township	Approved, expires 2027-11-08	Lorain County (FEMA plan 108637)	2022-11-09	2027-11-08	404		this jurisdiction approved 2023-12-12
LaGrange township	Township	Approved, expires 2027-11-08	Lorain County (FEMA plan 108637)	2022-11-09	2027-11-08	404		this jurisdiction approved 2023-12-12

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-a: hazard identification

Hazards NRI does not cover (local data needed)

dam failure (incl. upstream dams)
levee failure
flash flood as its own subtype
ice jams
debris flows
erosion (riverine and coastal)
land subsidence and sinkholes
expansive soils

The 18 National Risk Index hazards, ranked by expected annual loss (EAL)

Sources: 5, 6

Rank by EAL	Hazard	NRI risk rating	EAL rating	EAL buildingsmodeled dollars per year	EAL agriculturemodeled dollars per year	Cost of expected deaths and injuriesFEMA's dollar value per year, not property damage	EAL total (see note)modeled dollars per year	Storm Events records, 1996 to 2026-06-30count	Storm Events coverage note
1	Inland Flooding	Relatively Moderate	Relatively Moderate	$41,308,266	$183,863	$1,188,991	$42,681,120	79
2	Tornado	Relatively High	Relatively High	$5,213,563	$1,109	$3,177,213	$8,391,886	15
3	Cold Wave	Relatively Moderate	Relatively High	$9,428	$27,978	$5,464,123	$5,501,529	11
4	Strong Wind	Relatively High	Relatively High	$1,279,381	$28,220	$1,344,546	$2,652,147	404	Includes 56 High Wind and 6 Strong Wind records (NOAA non-thunderstorm wind types, outside NRI's Strong Wind definition).
5	Hail	Relatively Moderate	Relatively Moderate	$2,014,808	$11,763	$78,652	$2,105,224	151
6	Ice Storm	Relatively High	Relatively High	$1,268,352	n/a	$19,408	$1,287,760	1
7	Earthquake	Relatively Low	Relatively Low	$981,439	n/a	$231,077	$1,212,516		Storm Events does not record earthquakes.
8	Heat Wave	Relatively Low	Relatively Low	$12,170	$1	$751,297	$763,468	2
9	Lightning	Relatively Moderate	Relatively Moderate	$73,194	n/a	$624,460	$697,654	10
10	Winter Weather	Relatively High	Relatively High	$389,341	$699	$61,641	$451,681	57
11	Hurricane	Very Low	Very Low	$62,417	$18,986	$1,551	$82,954	0	Declared 1 time; no Storm Events record of this type.
12	Wildfire	Very Low	Very Low	$34,975	$17	$4,519	$39,512	0	No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).
13	Coastal Flooding	Very Low	Very Low	$5,596	n/a	$835	$6,431	2
14	Landslide	Very Low	Very Low	$285	n/a	$511	$796	0	Declared 1 time; no Storm Events record of this type.
15	Drought	No Rating	No Expected Annual Losses	n/a	$0	n/a	$0	6
	Tsunami	Insufficient Data	Insufficient Data	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	0	No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).

Total = buildings + agriculture + population equivalence; FEMA values each expected death (or 10 injuries) at $13.7 million (2024 dollars).

NRI risk rating combines expected annual loss with social vulnerability and community resilience; EAL rating rates expected annual loss alone. Both compare this county with all U.S. counties.

Local data needed: state and local wildfire, landslide and tsunami records (Storm Events records these hazards only in part).

Not applicable to this county per NRI, with no federal declaration and no Storm Events record since 1996: avalanche and volcanic activity. That is the evidence for leaving them out of the plan.

The state hazard mitigation plan also lists hazards for this county; FEMA asks the plan to explain any hazard it leaves out.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-b: hazard location

Affects the whole county (national data give no location within it): Cold Wave, Drought, Hail, Heat Wave, Ice Storm, Lightning, Strong Wind and Winter Weather.

Coastal Flooding and Inland Flooding: The FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) is the required location source for flooding. See the FEMA Flood Map Service Center (https://msc.fema.gov) for this county.

Hazards that vary within the county: highest-rated census tracts

Source: 5

Hazard	Highest-rated census tractsNRI risk rating, score 0 to 100
Earthquake	tract 976 (Relatively Low, 62.3); tract 231 (Relatively Low, 59.4); tract 602 (Relatively Low, 59.2)
Hurricane	tract 931 (Very Low, 45.1); tract 951 (Very Low, 42.2); tract 571 (Very Low, 41.5)
Landslide	tract 921 (Relatively Low, 82.6); tract 971 (Very Low, 78.0); tract 701.01 (Very Low, 76.4)
Tornado	tract 131.01 (Relatively High, 75.3); tract 961 (Relatively High, 75.0); tract 951 (Relatively Moderate, 72.2)
Tsunami	no tract has a National Risk Index rating for this hazard
Wildfire	tract 902 (Relatively Low, 75.6); tract 951 (Relatively Low, 73.7); tract 901 (Relatively Low, 73.5)

Up to 3 census tracts per hazard, highest National Risk Index rating first, then highest score; a tract number is the Census tract number (for example 976 is Census Tract 976). FEMA's Resilience Analysis and Planning Tool maps the National Risk Index for every tract: https://www.fema.gov/emergency-managers/practitioners/resilience-analysis-and-planning-tool

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-c: hazard extent

Extent: scale, observed range and worst recorded event per hazard

Sources: 6, 7

Hazard	Scale	Recordscount and years	Observed range	Worst recorded event	Most damaging (when different)	How it applies to jurisdictions	Note
Coastal Flood, Storm Surge/Tide	none in data (flood depth: FIRM)	2 records, 1997 to 1998		Storm Surge/Tide, 1997-06-01, $75,000 property; crops not reported (1997 dollars)		Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Lorain city (1 record).	Flood depth: see the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map.
Cold/Wind Chill, Extreme Cold/Wind Chill	wind chill	11 records, 1996 to 2022 (11 zone-level)	1 day to 10 days (median 2 days); 11 with a recorded value	10 consecutive days, 1997-01-10 to 1997-01-19, zone-level	Cold/Wind Chill, 1996-02-02, $300,000 property; crops not reported, reported for the zone (1996 dollars)	Countywide (zone-level records).	Wind chill: in event narratives only (local data needed).
Frost/Freeze (outside NRI's Cold Wave definition)	crop damage	0					Temperature: in event narratives only (local data needed).
Drought	U.S. Drought Monitor scale (D0 to D4)	6 records, 1996 to 1999 (6 zone-level)	31 days to 122 days (median 31 days); 3 with a recorded value	122 days (4 months), 1999-06-01 to 1999-09-30, a run of 4 consecutive Storm Events drought records, zone-level	Drought, 1999-09-01, property not reported; $7,000,000 crops, reported for the zone (1999 dollars)	Countywide (zone-level records).	Storm Events enters a drought at D2 or worse east of the Rockies and D3 or worse from the Rockies west (NWS Instruction 10-1605); NRI drought counts D3 and D4 only.
Earthquake	Modified Mercalli (local data)	0					Storm Events does not record earthquakes; the USGS earthquake catalog is the source.
Hail	hail size (inches)	179 records, 1962 to 2026	0.25 in to 2 in (median 0.88 in); 178 with a recorded value	2 in hail, 2013-06-12; same size also recorded on 2011-06-07	Hail, 2011-05-23, $300,000 property; $0 crops (2011 dollars)	Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Elyria city (21 records), Grafton township (13 records), Amherst city (11 records), Lorain city (10 records), Avon city (9 records), North Ridgeville city (9 records), Wellington village (8 records), Avon Lake city (7 records), Oberlin city (7 records), Sheffield Lake city (5 records); and 4 more jurisdictions (see the Excel file).
Excessive Heat, Heat	heat index (in event narratives)	2 records, 1999 (2 zone-level)	7 days to 31 days (median 19 days); 2 with a recorded value	July 1999 (1 monthly summary record), zone-level		Countywide (zone-level records).	Heat index: in event narratives only (local data needed).
Hurricane, Tropical Storm, Tropical Depression	Saffir-Simpson	0					Storm Events files every zone of a storm's episode under the storm's type; flooding from the storm is filed as Flood or Flash Flood records.
Ice Storm	Sperry-Piltz ice scale (local data)	1 record, 2005 (1 zone-level)		Ice Storm, 2005-01-05, $4,800,000 property; crops not reported (2005 dollars); NWS zone OHZ010		Countywide (zone-level records).	Ice thickness: in event narratives only (local data needed).
Flash Flood, Flood, Lakeshore Flood	damage and flood days (flood depth: FIRM)	79 records, 1996 to 2024 (6 zone-level)		Flash Flood, 2014-05-12, $25,000,000 property; $0 crops (2014 dollars)		Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Lorain city (10 records), Elyria city (7 records), Oberlin city (6 records), Sheffield village (4 records), Avon city (3 records), Avon Lake city (2 records), North Ridgeville city (2 records), Amherst city (1 record), Sheffield Lake city (1 record), Vermilion city (1 record); and 1 more jurisdiction (see the Excel file). Zone-level records (6) apply countywide.	Flood depth: see the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map. Storm Events damage is often $0 or blank for floods, major ones included; FEMA Public Assistance by declaration (B1-d) shows which floods cost the most.
Debris Flow	none (count and damage only)	0					Physical measure: in event narratives only (local data needed).
Lightning	annualized frequency (the measure FEMA's Local Mitigation Planning Handbook names)	10 records, 1996 to 2005		Lightning, 1998-07-21, $600,000 property; crops not reported (1998 dollars)		Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Elyria city (3 records), Grafton township (1 record), Wellington village (1 record).	Storm Events lists lightning with damage or casualties; physical measure in event narratives only (local data needed).
High Wind and Strong Wind (outside NRI's Strong Wind definition)	wind speed (kt and mph)	62 records, 1996 to 2024 (62 zone-level)	35 kt (40 mph) to 65 kt (75 mph) (median 50 kt (58 mph)); 51 with a recorded value	65 kt (75 mph) estimated gust, High Wind, 2008-01-30; NWS zone OHZ010	High Wind, 2008-09-14, $15,000,000 property; $500,000 crops, reported for the zone (2008 dollars)	Countywide (zone-level records).
Thunderstorm Wind	wind speed (kt and mph)	460 records, 1955 to 2026	50 kt (58 mph) to 87 kt (100 mph) (median 52 kt (60 mph)); 334 with a recorded value	87 kt (100 mph), measurement type not recorded, Thunderstorm Wind, 1976-07-10	Thunderstorm Wind, 2002-11-10, $2,400,000 property; crops not reported (2002 dollars)	Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Elyria city (50 records), Lorain city (35 records), Amherst city (26 records), Wellington village (21 records), Avon Lake city (19 records), Avon city (18 records), North Ridgeville city (18 records), Oberlin city (17 records), Grafton township (13 records), Sheffield village (10 records); and 4 more jurisdictions (see the Excel file).
Tornado	Enhanced Fujita (Fujita before Feb 2007)	36 records, 1953 to 2025	F/EF0 to F/EF4 (median between F/EF0 and F/EF1); 34 with a recorded value	F4 tornado, 1965-04-11, 13.4 mi path length (whole path, pre-1996), 400 yd wide, $25,000,000 property; crops not recorded (1965 dollars), 17 direct deaths, 100 direct injuries		Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Kipton village (2 records), Wellington village (2 records), Amherst city (1 record), Avon Lake city (1 record), Elyria city (1 record), Grafton township (1 record), Lorain city (1 record), Rochester village (1 record), Sheffield village (1 record).	Before 1996 a tornado is listed once, under the county where it began, with its whole path's rating and length; from 1996 on, each county lists its own segment. Length is not used to rank tornadoes (see Methods).
Tsunami	none (count and damage only)	0					Physical measure: in event narratives only (local data needed).
Wildfire	acres burned (local data)	0					Acres burned: in event narratives only (local data needed).
Winter Storm, Heavy Snow, Blizzard, Lake-Effect Snow, Winter Weather, Sleet	none in data (snowfall: local data)	57 records, 1996 to 2024 (57 zone-level)		Winter Storm, 2004-12-22, $4,700,000 property; crops not reported (2004 dollars); NWS zone OHZ010		Countywide (zone-level records).	Snow depth: in event narratives only (local data needed).

Where a hazard names more than 10 jurisdictions, the table lists the 10 with the most records; every one is in the Excel file, sheet "B1-c Extent".

Storm Events records are more complete after 1996; before 1996 only Tornado (from 1950), Hail and Thunderstorm Wind (from 1955) exist. Zone-level records whose zone no NWS zone-county file places in this county (mostly before 2020) are not counted here (the Methods page explains the zone matching).

Dollars are nominal (as reported), labeled with the year; not adjusted for inflation.

A monthly summary record covers most or all of a month; it does not count days at wave conditions.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-d: previous occurrences

Federal declarations for this county: 19 declarations covering 13 separate hazard incidents counted in this packet (declarations for the same incident count once; non-natural and evacuation-only declarations are not counted).

Federal disaster declarations for this county

Sources: 1, 2, 3

Declared	Incident began	FEMA number	Type	Title	Mapped hazard	County Public Assistancefederal share obligated, nominal dollars	Notes
2020-03-31	2020-01-20	DR-4507-OH	Major disaster	COVID-19 Pandemic	Non-natural, not counted	$428,510.61
2020-03-13	2020-01-20	EM-3457-OH	Emergency	COVID-19	Non-natural, not counted	no Public Assistance recorded	same incident as DR-4507
2012-06-30	2012-06-29	EM-3346-OH	Emergency	Severe Storms	Hazard not mapped (severe storm title names no single hazard); not counted	no Public Assistance recorded
2005-09-13	2005-08-29	EM-3250-OH	Emergency	Hurricane Katrina Evacuation	Hurricane: evacuation support, not a local hazard event; not counted	no Public Assistance recorded
2005-02-15	2004-12-22	DR-1580-OH	Major disaster	Severe Winter Storms, Flooding, and Mudslides	Inland Flooding; Landslide; Winter Weather	$2,348,606.25
2004-09-19	2004-08-27	DR-1556-OH	Major disaster	Severe Storms and Flooding	Inland Flooding: designated for Hazard Mitigation only (no Public or Individual Assistance for this county); not counted	PA not declared for this county
2004-06-03	2004-05-18	DR-1519-OH	Major disaster	Severe Storms and Flooding	Inland Flooding	PA not declared for this county
2003-09-23	2003-08-14	EM-3187-OH	Emergency	Power Outage	Non-natural, not counted	$77,477.80
2002-11-18	2002-11-10	DR-1444-OH	Major disaster	Severe Storms and Tornadoes	Tornado	PA not declared for this county
1995-08-25	1995-08-07	DR-1065-OH	Major disaster	Severe Storms and Flooding	Inland Flooding	PA not declared for this county
1992-08-04	1992-07-12	DR-951-OH	Major disaster	Severe Storms, Tornadoes & Flooding	Inland Flooding; Tornado	no Public Assistance recorded
1989-06-10	1989-05-23	DR-831-OH	Major disaster	Severe Storms & Flooding	Inland Flooding	PA not declared for this county
1978-01-26	1978-01-26	EM-3055-OH	Emergency	Blizzards & Snowstorms	Winter Weather	no Public Assistance recorded
1977-02-02	1977-02-02	EM-3029-OH	Emergency	Snowstorms	Winter Weather	no Public Assistance recorded
1973-04-27	1973-04-27	DR-377-OH	Major disaster	Severe Storms & Flooding	Inland Flooding	no Public Assistance recorded
1972-11-24	1972-11-24	DR-362-OH	Major disaster	Severe Storms & Flooding	Inland Flooding	no Public Assistance recorded
1972-07-19	1972-07-19	DR-345-OH	Major disaster	Tropical Storm Agnes	Inland Flooding (primary); also designated: Hurricane	no Public Assistance recorded
1969-07-15	1969-07-15	DR-266-OH	Major disaster	Tornadoes, Severe Storms & Flooding	Tornado (primary); also designated: Inland Flooding	no Public Assistance recorded
1965-04-14	1965-04-14	DR-191-OH	Major disaster	Tornadoes & Severe Storms	Tornado	no Public Assistance recorded

County Public Assistance: applicants the FEMA record places in this county, including any state agencies FEMA files there; statewide rows are listed on the state page; federal share obligated, nominal dollars.

Statewide declarations

Source: 2

Declared	Incident began	FEMA number	Type	Title	Mapped hazard
1964-03-24	1964-03-24	DR-167-OH	Major disaster	Severe Storms & Flooding	Inland Flooding
1959-01-23	1959-01-23	DR-90-OH	Major disaster	Floods	Inland Flooding
1956-05-17	1956-05-17	DR-57-OH	Major disaster	Wind Storm	Other, not an NRI hazard; not counted

FEMA recorded these with designated area Statewide and no county, so they are listed on every county page in the state and not counted with county rows. Local data needed: whether each one affected this county.

Public Assistance filed under this county for declarations that do not list it: 1 row, $4,597.96

Sources: 2, 3

FEMA number	Declared	Title	Applicant	PA obligatedfederal share obligated, nominal dollars
EM-3198-OH	2005-01-11	Snow	Vermilion, Township of (Erie County)	$4,597.96

FEMA's Public Assistance summaries file these applicants under this county, but FEMA's declaration rows for these disasters do not designate it (an electric cooperative or district serving several counties, for example). Not in any declaration row above and not counted.

Public Assistance not placed in any Ohio county: 1 row, $3,080,910.74; listed on the Ohio state page.

Source: 3

Previous occurrences by hazard, with explicit no-event rows

Sources: 2, 6, 7

Hazard	Storm Events records, all years on file(years in the Period column)	Since plan approvalrecords	In the 12 months before plan approvalrecords	Last 5 yearsrecords	Declared incidents, all yearsseparate disasters	Period	Statement
Coastal Flooding	2	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30
Cold Wave	11	1	0	1	0	1996 to 2026-06-30
Drought	6	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30
Earthquake	0	0	0	0	0		Storm Events does not record earthquakes; the USGS earthquake catalog is the source.
Hail	179	13	1	15	0	1955 to 2026-06-30
Heat Wave	2	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30
Hurricane	0	0	0	0	1	1996 to 2026-06-30	No Storm Events records of this type; 1 federal declared incident (see declarations table)
Ice Storm	1	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30
Inland Flooding	79	5	1	6	9	1996 to 2026-06-30
Landslide	0	0	0	0	1	1996 to 2026-06-30	No Storm Events records of this type; 1 federal declared incident (see declarations table)
Lightning	10	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30
Strong Wind	522	57	11	68	0	1955 to 2026-06-30	Includes 56 High Wind and 6 Strong Wind records.
Tornado	36	5	1	6	4	1950 to 2026-06-30
Tsunami	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Wildfire	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Winter Weather	57	3	3	6	3	1996 to 2026-06-30

Notable Storm Events records

Sources: 1, 6, 7

Date	Event type	Magnitude or extent	Damagenominal dollars	Deaths, injuriesdirect only	Location	Why listed
2014-05-12	Flash Flood		$25,000,000 property; $0 crops (2014 dollars)	0, 0	SHAWVILLE to AVON BOSWORTH ARPT	B1-c worst recorded: Flash Flood, Flood, Lakeshore Flood
2013-06-12	Hail	2 in	$50,000 property; $50,000 crops (2013 dollars)	0, 0	ROCHESTER	B1-c worst recorded: Hail
2008-01-30	High Wind	65 kt (75 mph) estimated gust	$0 property; $0 crops, reported for the zone (2008 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone OHZ010 (LORAIN), zone-level	B1-c worst recorded: High Wind and Strong Wind
2005-07-16	Flash Flood		$1,200,000 property; crops not reported (2005 dollars)	2, 0	LORAIN	deaths or injuries recorded
2005-01-05	Ice Storm		$4,800,000 property; crops not reported, reported for the zone (2005 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone OHZ010 (LORAIN), zone-level	B1-c worst recorded: Ice Storm
2004-12-22	Winter Storm		$4,700,000 property; crops not reported, reported for the zone (2004 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone OHZ010 (LORAIN), zone-level	B1-c worst recorded: Winter Storm, Heavy Snow, Blizzard, Lake-Effect Snow, Winter Weather, Sleet
1999-07-01	Heat		damage not reported	0, 0	NWS zone OHZ010 (LORAIN), zone-level	B1-c worst recorded: Excessive Heat, Heat
1998-07-21	Lightning		$600,000 property; crops not reported (1998 dollars)	0, 0	CAMDEN	B1-c worst recorded: Lightning
1997-01-10	Cold/Wind Chill		$20,000 property; crops not reported, reported for the zone (1997 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone OHZ010 (LORAIN), zone-level	B1-c worst recorded: Cold/Wind Chill, Extreme Cold/Wind Chill
1976-07-10	Thunderstorm Wind	87 kt (100 mph), measurement type not recorded	damage not recorded (pre-1996 record)	0, 0	location not recorded	B1-c worst recorded: Thunderstorm Wind
1965-04-11	Tornado	F4, 13.4 mi path length (whole path, pre-1996), 400 yd wide	$25,000,000 property; crops not recorded (1965 dollars)	17, 100	location not recorded	deaths or injuries recorded
1953-06-08	Tornado	F4, 20 mi path length (whole path, pre-1996), 33 yd wide	damage not recorded (pre-1996 record)	1, 47	location not recorded	deaths or injuries recorded

The full list is in the Excel file, sheet "B1-d Storm Events history" (905 rows).

Location is the place NOAA recorded, as written in its data; it need not be a jurisdiction in this plan.

Local data needed: state-declared emergencies, from your state emergency management agency (federal data do not include them).

FEMA's declaration data list no tribal or special-area declarations for this state.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-e: probability of future events

Probability: FEMA annualized frequency and descriptor per hazard

Sources: 5, 6

Hazard	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)unit per row	Unit	In plain terms	Descriptor	Descriptor basis	NRI events or days in its record period (hail, wind and tornado are area-weighted, so can be fractional)	NRI period	Location	Note
Coastal Flooding	0.0157	events per year at a location (modeled)	about 0.016 per year at a given location in the county	Possible (from Storm Events: 2 of 30 years)	Storm Events records in 2 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (6.67%)	not shown	modeled	see B1-f	Descriptor from Storm Events, not NRI.
Cold Wave	4.11	event-days per year	about 4.11 days per year	Likely (from Storm Events: 8 of 30 years)	event-days in 8 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (26.7%)	78	2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years)	countywide
Drought	0	event-days per year	none modeled	Likely (from Storm Events: 3 of 30 years)	event-days in 3 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (10%)	0	2000 to 2025 (25.25 years; D3 and D4 only)	countywide	NRI models no drought event-days here (2000 to 2025, 25.25 years; D3 and D4 only); Storm Events has a record in 3 of 30 years. The descriptor comes from Storm Events, which counts D2 drought that NRI leaves out.
Earthquake	0.000951	annual probability at a location	chance a given location in the county has at least minor-damage shaking in a year: 0.0951%			not shown	modeled	see B1-f	No descriptor (Storm Events does not record earthquakes).
Hail	3.57	events per year	about 3.57 per year	Highly likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	137.1 (modeled)	1986 to 2023 (38 years)	countywide
Heat Wave	2.21	event-days per year	about 2.21 days per year	Possible (from Storm Events: 1 of 30 years)	event-days in 1 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (3.33%)	37	2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years)	countywide
Hurricane	0.0158	events per year	about 1 in 63 years	Possible	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	4	1851 to 2024 (Atlantic)	see B1-f	NRI counts hurricane and tropical storm tracks passing within storm-force wind range; federal declarations are in B1-d.
Ice Storm	0.784	event-days per year	about 0.784 days per year	Possible (from Storm Events: 1 of 30 years)	event-days in 1 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (3.33%)	29	1946-12-31 to 2014-02-12 (67 years)	countywide
Inland Flooding	2.21	event-days per year	about 2.21 days per year	Likely (from Storm Events: 23 of 30 years)	event-days in 23 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (76.7%)	62	1996 to 2023 (28 years)	see B1-f
Landslide	0.0923	events per year (modeled)	about 1 in 11 years	Possible	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	not shown	modeled	see B1-f
Lightning	40.9	days per year with a strike	about 40.9 days per year	Highly likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	not shown	1995 to 2023 (29 years; CONUS)	countywide
Strong Wind	1.97	events per year	about 1.97 per year	Highly likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	41	1986 to 2023 (38 years)	countywide
Tornado	0.342	events per year	about 1 in 3 years	Likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	not shown	1950 to 2023 (EF2+); 1986 to 2023 (EF0-1)	see B1-f
Tsunami		annual probability at the most exposed location (used in place of a county value)			Storm Events records in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%)	not shown	modeled	see B1-f	No descriptor: no Storm Events record 1996 to 2025
Wildfire	0.0000399	annual probability at a location	chance a given location in the county burns in a year: 0.00399%		Storm Events records in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%)	not shown	modeled	see B1-f	No descriptor: no Storm Events record 1996 to 2025
Winter Weather	12.3	event-days per year	about 12.3 days per year	Likely (from Storm Events: 24 of 30 years)	event-days in 24 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (80%)	234	2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years)	countywide

FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) is the National Risk Index v1.20 (December 2025) estimate of how often a hazard affects this county in a year; it is not recorded events divided by years, and its unit differs by hazard (events, event-days, or days with a lightning strike per year). For earthquake, wildfire, coastal flooding and tsunami the value is the chance (or number of events) at a location in the county, not across the county, so no "1 in N years" is given and the descriptor comes from Storm Events where it has a record (none for earthquake). The Methods page gives each hazard's method, from FEMA's National Risk Index Technical Documentation v1.20.

Where NRI gives event-days, the descriptor comes from the share of years with a Storm Events record; NRI's source records more events, so the two differ.

Descriptor scale used in this packet (defined per unit)

Sources: 5, 6

Unit	Descriptor	Definition
events per year	Highly likely	1 or more per year
events per year	Likely	about once in 1 to 10 years
events per year	Possible	about once in 10 to 100 years
events per year	Unlikely	less than once in 100 years
annual probability	Likely	10% to under 100% chance in a given year
annual probability	Possible	1% to under 10% chance in a given year
annual probability	Unlikely	under 1% chance in a given year
event-days (share of years)	Highly likely	event-days recorded in 90% or more of years
event-days (share of years)	Likely	event-days recorded in 10% to under 90% of years
event-days (share of years)	Possible	event-days recorded in some years but under 10% of years
lightning strike-days	Highly likely	cloud-to-ground strikes on 1 or more days per year

Intensity bands: historical frequency (Storm Events)

Source: 6

Hazard	Band	Years	Eventscounty-coded records	Years in period	Events per yearevents / years
Hail	1.00-1.99 in	1996 to 2025	63	30	2.1
Hail	2.00 in+	1996 to 2025	2	30	0.0667
Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind)	50-64 kt	1996 to 2025	267	30	8.9
Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind)	65 kt+	1996 to 2025	13	30	0.433
Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind)	unmeasured or below 50 kt	1996 to 2025	46	30	1.53
Tornado	EF0-1	1996 to 2025	15	30	0.5
Tornado	EF2-3	1996 to 2025	0	30	0
Tornado	EF4-5	1996 to 2025	0	30	0
Tornado	unrated (EFU)	1996 to 2025	0	30	0

The bands show how often events of each severity were recorded in this county, to profile how severe events have been (FEMA's probability item asks for the range of intensities).

Hail smaller than 1 inch is not counted: on 2010-01-05 the National Weather Service raised its severe-hail threshold from 3/4 inch to 1 inch, so smaller reports became less common after 2009 (NWS Service Change Notice 09-52). NRI hail frequency uses a 0.75 inch threshold.

Optional: future conditions. Not a required item in the 2025 FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Policy Guide; some states ask for it. The federal Climate Mapping for Resilience and Adaptation (CMRA) site gives county exposure to future climate conditions (https://resilience.climate.gov/).

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-f: hazards that vary across jurisdictions

Range of census tract risk within the county

Source: 5

Hazard	Tractsrated of all	NRI risk score, 0 to 100			Tracts by rating
Hazard	Tractsrated of all	Min	Median	Max	Tracts by rating
Coastal Flooding	19 of 79	68.0	74.9	78.7	Relatively Low 3, Very Low 16, No Rating 60
Cold Wave	79 of 79	33.7	53.6	79.1	Relatively High 1, Relatively Moderate 61, Relatively Low 17
Drought	0 of 79				No Rating 79
Earthquake	79 of 79	11.2	30.6	62.3	Relatively Low 17, Very Low 62
Hail	79 of 79	46.2	70.1	85.6	Relatively Moderate 42, Relatively Low 37
Heat Wave	79 of 79	4.2	10.3	33.1	Relatively Low 11, Very Low 68
Hurricane	79 of 79	23.1	32.2	45.1	Very Low 79
Ice Storm	79 of 79	38.0	76.7	92.0	Relatively High 1, Relatively Moderate 56, Relatively Low 22
Inland Flooding	79 of 79	3.4	35.2	77.3	Relatively Moderate 26, Relatively Low 39, Very Low 14
Landslide	77 of 79	13.3	44.3	82.6	Relatively Low 1, Very Low 76, No Rating 2
Lightning	79 of 79	16.5	38.2	69.5	Relatively Moderate 12, Relatively Low 66, Very Low 1
Strong Wind	79 of 79	34.3	63.6	83.2	Relatively High 3, Relatively Moderate 62, Relatively Low 14
Tornado	79 of 79	35.6	55.7	75.3	Relatively High 2, Relatively Moderate 50, Relatively Low 27
Tsunami	0 of 79				Insufficient Data 79
Wildfire	79 of 79	19.9	50.5	75.6	Relatively Low 5, Very Low 74
Winter Weather	79 of 79	36.3	63.6	86.5	Relatively High 6, Relatively Moderate 67, Relatively Low 6

Rated tracts only: No Rating (score 0.0), Not Applicable and Insufficient Data tracts are counted but not used for the minimum, median and maximum.

The score ranks a tract against all U.S. tracts (100 = highest). The rating is FEMA's category for the tract's risk value, computed differently, so the two can disagree.

Frequency data for cold wave, hail, heat wave, ice storm, lightning, strong wind and winter weather are county-wide or coarse (49 km grid or NWS zone), the same for every jurisdiction; the tract range mostly reflects where buildings and people are.

Each jurisdiction (starting figures from federal data)

Sources: 1, 3, 4, 6

Jurisdiction	Type	Plan status	Repetitive lossFMA RL and SRL (44 CFR 77.2); repeat-flood, any definition	Public Assistance to this jurisdictionFEMA records matched by applicant name; federal share obligated, nominal dollars	Event records naming this placeall years; since its plan	Notes
Lorain County	County	Approved, expires 2027-11-08	FMA RL 1, SRL 5; any 17	$2,927.34	0 total; 0 since its plan	Includes $2,927.34 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (EM-3187-OH).
Amherst city	City	Approved, expires 2027-11-08	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$3,904.28	39 total; 7 since its plan	Includes $3,904.28 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (EM-3187-OH).
Avon city	City	Plan 108637 approved 2022-11-09, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 6	no Public Assistance recorded	30 total; no approved plan
Avon Lake city	City	Plan 108637 approved 2022-11-09, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 2	$21,910.44	29 total; no approved plan	Includes $21,910.44 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (EM-3187-OH).
Elyria city	City	Plan 108637 approved 2022-11-09, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$13,813.53	82 total; no approved plan	Includes $13,813.53 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (EM-3187-OH).
Kipton village	Village	Plan 108637 approved 2022-11-09, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	no Public Assistance recorded	10 total; no approved plan
Lorain city	City	Plan 108637 approved 2022-11-09, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	FMA RL 1, SRL 0; any 8	$16,523.92	57 total; no approved plan	Includes $16,523.92 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (EM-3187-OH).
North Ridgeville city	City	Plan 108637 approved 2022-11-09, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 18	$4,264.34	29 total; no approved plan	Includes $4,264.34 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (EM-3187-OH).
Oberlin city	City	Approved, expires 2027-11-08	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$6,725.12	30 total; 2 since its plan	Includes $6,725.12 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (EM-3187-OH).
Rochester village	Village	Plan 108637 approved 2022-11-09, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	no Public Assistance recorded	6 total; no approved plan
Sheffield Lake city	City	Approved, expires 2027-11-08	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$2,907.36	13 total; 2 since its plan	Includes $2,907.36 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (EM-3187-OH).
Sheffield village	Village	Approved, expires 2027-11-08	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 1	no Public Assistance recorded	17 total; 1 since its plan
South Amherst village	Village	Plan 108637 approved 2022-11-09, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	FMA RL 0, SRL 1; any 2	no Public Assistance recorded	5 total; no approved plan
Vermilion city	City	No approved plan on record. Approvable pending adoption, not yet eligible	FMA RL 0, SRL 9; any 37	no Public Assistance recorded	2 total; no approved plan	Whole community, including the part in Cuyahoga County and Erie County; in-county portion (county table): FMA RL 0, FMA SRL 1, NFIP RL 7, NFIP SRL 1, any category 7.
Wellington village	Village	Plan 108637 approved 2022-11-09, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	no Public Assistance recorded	33 total; no approved plan
Grafton township	Township	Approved, expires 2027-11-08		no Public Assistance recorded	28 total; 5 since its plan	No NFIP community ID on this jurisdiction's plan row.
LaGrange township	Township	Approved, expires 2027-11-08		no Public Assistance recorded	0 total; 0 since its plan	No NFIP community ID on this jurisdiction's plan row.

Repetitive-loss counts are for whole NFIP communities, which can extend beyond this county (see the note in B2-c).

County Public Assistance in B1-d also includes applicants filed under the county that are not jurisdictions in this plan (for example state agencies, special districts and nonprofits), so the jurisdiction rows add up to less.

Supports FEMA checklist items B2-a and B2-b: vulnerability and potential impacts

Local data needed

The table below gives county-level starting figures; the plan describes impacts for each jurisdiction and its own assets.

Critical facilities and lifelines per hazard
A problem statement per jurisdiction per hazard
Changes in development in hazard-prone areas since the last approval, or a statement of none (E1-a)
Future assets

County-level starter: exposure, expected annual loss and damage since the plan

Sources: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7

Hazard	Building exposuremodeled dollars	Agriculture exposuremodeled dollars	Population exposedpeople	EAL buildingsmodeled dollars per year	EAL agriculturemodeled dollars per year	Cost of expected deaths and injuriesFEMA's dollar value per year, not property damage	EAL as % of exposurebuildings; agriculture where noted	Storm Events damage since 2022-11-09county-coded records, property plus crops, nominal dollars	Zone-level damage since planproperty plus crops, reported for the zone	Note
Coastal Flooding	$3,280,152,716	n/a	13,477	$5,596	n/a	$835	0.000171%
Cold Wave	$71,187,084,709	$172,392,860	312,902	$9,428	$27,978	$5,464,123	under 0.0001%
Drought	n/a	$0	n/a	n/a	$0	n/a				agriculture exposure is 0 in NRI
Earthquake	$121,233,001,510	n/a	312,964	$981,439	n/a	$231,077	0.00081%
Hail	$71,187,084,709	$172,392,860	312,902	$2,014,808	$11,763	$78,652	0.00283%	$0
Heat Wave	$71,187,084,709	$172,392,860	312,902	$12,170	$1	$751,297	under 0.0001%
Hurricane	$71,084,364,976	$166,441,267	312,555	$62,417	$18,986	$1,551	under 0.0001%
Ice Storm	$70,534,688,833	n/a	309,385	$1,268,352	n/a	$19,408	0.0018%
Inland Flooding	$71,151,752,955	$5,681,687	4,609	$41,308,266	$183,863	$1,188,991	n/a (see note)	$3,700,000		NRI counts the full building value of any census block with some flood loss; this is not the value of buildings in the floodplain. Use local FIRM overlays for B2-a/B2-b.
Landslide	$311,497,476	n/a	1,161	$285	n/a	$511	under 0.0001%
Lightning	$71,187,084,709	n/a	312,902	$73,194	n/a	$624,460	0.000103%
Strong Wind	$71,187,084,709	$172,392,860	312,902	$1,279,381	$28,220	$1,344,546	0.0018%	$340,100	$0
Tornado	$71,187,084,709	$172,392,860	312,902	$5,213,563	$1,109	$3,177,213	0.00732%	$165,000
Tsunami	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a				NRI publishes no building exposure for this county
Wildfire	$20,450,236,603	$50,079,264	90,391	$34,975	$17	$4,519	0.000171%
Winter Weather	$71,187,084,709	$172,392,860	312,902	$389,341	$699	$61,641	0.000547%		$0

Totals since 2022-11-09 (Storm Events through 2026-06-30): 79 county-coded records, 79 with a damage value recorded (including $0), $4,205,100; 5 zone-level records, 3 with a damage value recorded (including $0), $0 reported for the zone; Public Assistance: no counted declaration since the plan.

FEMA does not split Public Assistance by hazard. A declaration mapped to several hazards is listed under each of them with its full amount, so the per-hazard column does not add up to the total; the unit total counts each declaration once.

NRI computes earthquake exposure on its own basis, so it exceeds the county building value in B2-a.

Supports FEMA checklist item B2-a: vulnerability (county context)

County context

Source: 5

Measure	Value
Population	312,902
Building value (total, not at risk)	$71,187,084,709
Agriculture value (total, not at risk)	$172,392,860
NRI risk rating (all hazards)	Relatively Moderate
Expected annual loss, buildings and agriculture, all hazards	$52,925,853
Expected annual loss, population equivalence, all hazards (NRI values each statistical life at $13.7M; a modeled value of expected deaths and injuries, not property damage)	$12,948,824
Social vulnerability rating	Relatively Low
Community resilience rating	Very High
NRI version	December 2025

FEMA's all-hazard expected annual loss adds buildings, agriculture and population equivalence; this table gives the property part and the population-equivalence part as separate rows.

Social vulnerability: higher means people are more likely to be harmed and slower to recover. Community resilience: lower means the community is less able to recover. High social vulnerability and low resilience both raise the NRI risk rating.

Supports FEMA checklist item B2-c: repetitive loss properties

Repetitive loss in this county, both definitions

Sources: 1, 4

Definition	Properties	Severe repetitive loss	Properties
Repetitive loss, FMA definition (44 CFR 77.2)	2	Severe repetitive loss, FMA definition (44 CFR 77.2)	7
Repetitive loss, NFIP insurance definition	64	Severe repetitive loss, NFIP insurance definition	6

The state NFIP coordinator's list, the source FEMA's Handbook names, often uses the NFIP insurance definition (second row).

Repeat-flood properties: county and state-level rows

Sources: 1, 4

Scope	RL, FMAproperties	SRL, FMAproperties	RL, NFIPproperties	SRL, NFIPproperties	Any categoryproperties	Mitigatedproperties	Currently insuredproperties
County total	2	7	64	6	65	1	31
of which: Lorain County (unincorporated area)	1	5	16	4	17	1	8
of which: Avon city	0	0	6	0	6	0	5
of which: Lorain city	1	0	8	0	8	0	6
of which: North Ridgeville city	0	0	18	0	18	0	11
of which: Sheffield village	0	0	1	0	1	0	0
of which: South Amherst village	0	1	2	1	2	0	0
of which: Avon Lake city	0	0	2	0	2	0	0
of which: Brownhelm township (community ID not in plan data)	0	0	4	0	4	0	0
of which: Vermilion city	0	1	7	1	7	0	1
Statewide, no county in FEMA's file	0	0	1	0	1	0	0

The statewide row counts properties FEMA's file gives with no county in this state; they are listed for reference and are not in this county's counts.

Repeat-flood properties by jurisdiction in the plan (NFIP community)

Sources: 1, 4

Jurisdiction	NFIP community ID	RL, FMAproperties	SRL, FMAproperties	RL, NFIPproperties	SRL, NFIPproperties	Any categoryproperties	Mitigatedproperties	Currently insuredproperties	Note
Lorain County	390346	1	5	16	4	17	1	8
Amherst city	390347	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Avon city	390348	0	0	6	0	6	0	5
Avon Lake city	390602	0	0	2	0	2	0	0
Elyria city	390350	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kipton village	390743	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lorain city	390351	1	0	8	0	8	0	6
North Ridgeville city	390352	0	0	18	0	18	0	11
Oberlin city	390353	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rochester village	390744	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sheffield Lake city	390355	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sheffield village	390354	0	0	1	0	1	0	0
South Amherst village	390356	0	1	2	1	2	0	0
Vermilion city	395374	0	9	36	8	37	0	4	Whole community, including the part in Cuyahoga County and Erie County; in-county portion (county table): FMA RL 0, FMA SRL 1, NFIP RL 7, NFIP SRL 1, any category 7.
Wellington village	390358	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Counts by occupancy group for each jurisdiction are in the Excel file, sheet "B2-c Jurisdictions".

Jurisdiction rows are whole NFIP communities and need not add up to the county total: a community that extends into another county is counted in full on each jurisdiction row, while the county table counts only its part in this county.

County repeat-flood properties by occupancy group

Sources: 1, 4

Occupancy group	RL, FMAproperties	SRL, FMAproperties	RL, NFIPproperties	SRL, NFIPproperties	Any categoryproperties	Mitigatedproperties	Currently insuredproperties
single-family residential	2	7	57	6	58	1	29
2 to 4 unit residential	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
other residential	0	0	4	0	4	0	1
non-residential	0	0	3	0	3	0	1
not reported	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

FEMA's occupancy groups have no institutional class; institutional properties are counted in non-residential or other residential in the table by occupancy group.

FMA RL and FMA SRL are the Flood Mitigation Assistance definitions (44 CFR 77.2), the ones the FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Policy Guide cites. NFIP repetitive loss (the FEMA insurance definition) is 2 or more claims over $1,000 in 10 years, and a property can leave that group once it is mitigated. Also shown: NFIP severe repetitive loss, any category, mitigated and currently insured. The Methods page gives the OpenFEMA field details.

Counts are aggregates of FEMA's public NFIP Multiple Loss Properties file (FEMA's data date 2026-08-02; file version 2026-08-04). No property is identified. County assignment is FEMA's geocode.

In this county 0 properties are FMA repetitive loss but not NFIP repetitive loss, and 62 properties are NFIP repetitive loss but not FMA repetitive loss.

Exact counts; no count suppression.

Sources

Tables cite these sources by number. The full list, for the plan's bibliography (FEMA review item A4-a):

FEMA, OpenFEMA HazardMitigationPlanStatuses v1, version 2026-09-29T134039Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/HazardMitigationPlanStatuses (API)
FEMA, OpenFEMA DisasterDeclarationsSummaries v2, version 2026-09-29T162832Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v2/DisasterDeclarationsSummaries (API)
FEMA, OpenFEMA PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries v1, version 2026-09-29T150754Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries (API)
FEMA, OpenFEMA NfipMultipleLossProperties v1, version 2026-08-04T164045Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/NfipMultipleLossProperties (API)
FEMA, FEMA National Risk Index 1.20.0 (December 2025), county and census tract tables, version 1.20.0, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_Counties.zip (download, 25 MB), https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_CensusTracts.zip (download, 635 MB)
NOAA NCEI, NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, details files (csvfiles v1.0), version c20260918, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/swdi/stormevents/csvfiles/
NOAA National Weather Service, NWS county-public forecast zones correlation file, version bp03mr20 to bp16ap26 (11 files; newest bp16ap26), pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.weather.gov/gis/ZoneCounty
U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2024 Gazetteer, 2020 place by county, CT county-to-cousub crosswalk, version 2024-gazetteer, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_counties_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_cousubs_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_place_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_unsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_elsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_scsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/reference/codes2020/national_place_by_county2020.txt, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/reference/ct_change/ct_cou_to_cousub_crosswalk.xlsx (used to match place names and codes; no table prints its values)

What this packet is and what the plan adds

This packet is the federal data for the plan's risk assessment, organized by the items of FEMA's Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool, Element B. Each section heading names the item its tables support; the plan and FEMA's review decide whether the item is met.

The plan adds what only the community has: local data on assets, critical facilities, development and each jurisdiction's impacts; local hazard history, including state-declared emergencies; the mitigation strategy; and adoption.

How the federal data are built: National Risk Index values are FEMA's model, not counts of events. Storm Events is more complete from 1996; zone-level records are placed by forecast zone, not by location in the county. Public Assistance for a jurisdiction is matched by applicant name. The Methods page gives every rule and the known edge cases.

OpenFEMA disclaimer

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

Reuse, citation and corrections

Reuse and citation: Hazard Plain text and tables are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); credit Hazard Plain and the release. The underlying federal data are public domain; OpenFEMA data are also subject to the OpenFEMA terms and conditions.

Cite this: Hazard Plain (2026). Lorain County, OH: risk-assessment baseline packet, release 2026-10 (data as of 2026-09-30; County FIPS 39093). Automated baseline. https://hazardplain.org/oh/39093/ Built from FEMA OpenFEMA, the FEMA National Risk Index and NOAA NCEI Storm Events; source versions in the packet's Sources list.

Corrections: to report an error, name the packet, the table and what your records show. Contact: [email protected]

Hazard Plain release 2026-10. As of 2026-09-30; Storm Events data through 2026-06-30. Automated baseline.