Eaton County, MI: risk-assessment baseline packet, release 2026-10

Summary

Plan status as of 2026-09-30: Approved, expires 2030-06-17. Plan: Eaton County Hazard Mitigation Plan 2025 (FEMA plan 110781), approved 2025-06-18.

Since the plan was approved on 2025-06-18: 1 new hazard declaration (1 incident) and 9 NOAA Storm Events records; details under "What changed since your last plan".

Highest expected annual loss (FEMA National Risk Index, modeled total; see B1-a): Inland Flooding ($16,038,610 a year), Tornado ($6,393,868) and Strong Wind ($2,703,428).

The tables that follow are organized by the items of FEMA's Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool, Element B (B1-a to B2-c); each heading says which item its tables support.

Terms used

EAL:: expected annual loss: FEMA's modeled average yearly loss from a hazard.
NRI:: FEMA's National Risk Index (version 1.20, December 2025).
NFIP:: National Flood Insurance Program.
RL, SRL:: repetitive loss and severe repetitive loss: flood-insured properties with repeated claims (definitions in B2-c).
FMA, HMGP:: Flood Mitigation Assistance and Hazard Mitigation Grant Program, FEMA mitigation grants.
PA:: FEMA Public Assistance: disaster aid to governments and some nonprofits.
Zone-level:: NOAA logged the event for a National Weather Service forecast zone, which may include parts of neighboring counties.
County-coded:: NOAA logged the event to this county.
FIPS:: the federal code for a place; 26045 is this area.
D0 to D4:: U.S. Drought Monitor categories, from abnormally dry (D0) to exceptional drought (D4).
F/EF, EFU:: Fujita and Enhanced Fujita tornado ratings; EFU is an unrated tornado.
kt, CONUS:: knots (1 kt is about 1.15 mph); the contiguous United States.
CFR:: Code of Federal Regulations.
A4-a, E1-a:: other items of FEMA's Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool (sources, and changes since the last plan).
Dollars:: nominal (as reported, labeled with the year), not adjusted for inflation.

Plan clock

Status:: Approved, expires 2030-06-17
Plan:: Eaton County Hazard Mitigation Plan 2025 (FEMA plan 110781)
Approved:: 2025-06-18
Days to expiry:: 1,356

Also approved under plan 108837 (Tri-County HMP Update (Clinton, Eaton, Ingham), expires 2028-03-02). FEMA's plan status map shows one plan per jurisdiction and may show one of these; this packet uses the approved plan that expires last.

What changed since your last plan (approved 2025-06-18)

New federal declarations:: 1 new hazard declaration (1 incident): DR-4925-MI (Severe Storms, Tornadoes, and Flooding)
Storm Events records since approval:: 9 records (data through 2026-06-30)
Repetitive loss now:: FMA RL 0, SRL 0 (44 CFR 77.2); any definition: 13
Repeat-flood change:: this release sets the baseline count.

Sources: 1, 2, 4, 6 (numbered list at the end)

Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county: 15 rows, in the section "Plan clock: Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county" on the following pages.

State plan status and tribal plans in this state: see the state page.

Plan clock

Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county

Source: 1

Jurisdiction	Type	Status	Plan	Approved	Expires	Days to expirynegative = days since expiry	Update underway	Notes
Eaton County	County	Approved, expires 2030-06-17	Eaton County Hazard Mitigation Plan 2025 (FEMA plan 110781)	2025-06-18	2030-06-17	1,356		Also approved under plan 108837 (Tri-County HMP Update (Clinton, Eaton, Ingham), expires 2028-03-02). FEMA's plan status map shows one plan per jurisdiction and may show one of these; this packet uses the approved plan that expires last. this jurisdiction approved 2025-07-02
Bellevue village	Village	Approved, expires 2030-06-17	Eaton County Hazard Mitigation Plan 2025 (FEMA plan 110781)	2025-06-18	2030-06-17	1,356		this jurisdiction approved 2025-07-02
Charlotte city	City	Approved, expires 2030-06-17	Eaton County Hazard Mitigation Plan 2025 (FEMA plan 110781)	2025-06-18	2030-06-17	1,356		this jurisdiction approved 2025-07-02
Eaton Rapids city	City	Approved, expires 2030-06-17	Eaton County Hazard Mitigation Plan 2025 (FEMA plan 110781)	2025-06-18	2030-06-17	1,356
Grand Ledge city	City	Approved, expires 2030-06-17	Eaton County Hazard Mitigation Plan 2025 (FEMA plan 110781)	2025-06-18	2030-06-17	1,356		this jurisdiction approved 2025-07-23
Lansing city	City	Expired on 2024-01-30	City of Lansing (FEMA plan 105552)	2019-01-31	2024-01-30	-974
Olivet city	City	Approved, expires 2030-06-17	Eaton County Hazard Mitigation Plan 2025 (FEMA plan 110781)	2025-06-18	2030-06-17	1,356
Potterville city	City	Approved, expires 2030-06-17	Eaton County Hazard Mitigation Plan 2025 (FEMA plan 110781)	2025-06-18	2030-06-17	1,356		this jurisdiction approved 2025-09-24
Bellevue township	Township	Approved, expires 2030-06-17	Eaton County Hazard Mitigation Plan 2025 (FEMA plan 110781)	2025-06-18	2030-06-17	1,356		this jurisdiction approved 2025-09-24
Benton township	Township	Approved, expires 2030-06-17	Eaton County Hazard Mitigation Plan 2025 (FEMA plan 110781)	2025-06-18	2030-06-17	1,356		this jurisdiction approved 2025-09-24
Brookfield township	Township	Plan 108837 approved 2023-03-03, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	Tri-County HMP Update (Clinton, Eaton, Ingham) (FEMA plan 108837), pending adoption here	2023-03-03 by FEMA; not yet adopted here	2028-03-02 once adopted		FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan.
Delta charter township	Township	Approved, expires 2028-03-02	Tri-County HMP Update (Clinton, Eaton, Ingham) (FEMA plan 108837)	2023-03-03	2028-03-02	519
Eaton township	Township	Plan 110781 approved 2025-06-18, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	Eaton County Hazard Mitigation Plan 2025 (FEMA plan 110781), pending adoption here	2025-06-18 by FEMA; not yet adopted here	2030-06-17 once adopted		FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan.
Hamlin township	Township	Plan 108837 approved 2023-03-03, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	Tri-County HMP Update (Clinton, Eaton, Ingham) (FEMA plan 108837), pending adoption here	2023-03-03 by FEMA; not yet adopted here	2028-03-02 once adopted		FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan.
Oneida charter township	Township	Plan 108837 approved 2023-03-03, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	Tri-County HMP Update (Clinton, Eaton, Ingham) (FEMA plan 108837), pending adoption here	2023-03-03 by FEMA; not yet adopted here	2028-03-02 once adopted		FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-a: hazard identification

Hazards NRI does not cover (local data needed)

dam failure (incl. upstream dams)
levee failure
flash flood as its own subtype
ice jams
debris flows
erosion (riverine and coastal)
land subsidence and sinkholes
expansive soils

The 18 National Risk Index hazards, ranked by expected annual loss (EAL)

Sources: 5, 6

Rank by EAL	Hazard	NRI risk rating	EAL rating	EAL buildingsmodeled dollars per year	EAL agriculturemodeled dollars per year	Cost of expected deaths and injuriesFEMA's dollar value per year, not property damage	EAL total (see note)modeled dollars per year	Storm Events records, 1996 to 2026-06-30count	Storm Events coverage note
1	Inland Flooding	Relatively Low	Relatively Moderate	$16,016,194	$18,038	$4,378	$16,038,610	12
2	Tornado	Relatively Moderate	Relatively Moderate	$4,114,033	$3,102	$2,276,734	$6,393,868	10
3	Strong Wind	Relatively High	Relatively High	$2,124,663	$72,754	$506,011	$2,703,428	112	Includes 9 High Wind and 1 Strong Wind records (NOAA non-thunderstorm wind types, outside NRI's Strong Wind definition).
4	Cold Wave	Relatively Moderate	Relatively Moderate	$1,119	$36,028	$2,237,511	$2,274,658	0	No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).
5	Hail	Relatively Moderate	Relatively Moderate	$1,281,389	$31,750	$32,886	$1,346,024	50
6	Earthquake	Very Low	Relatively Low	$259,581	n/a	$70,414	$329,995		Storm Events does not record earthquakes.
7	Heat Wave	Relatively Low	Relatively Low	$5,089	$1	$322,820	$327,910	0	No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).
8	Ice Storm	Relatively Moderate	Relatively Moderate	$254,406	n/a	$30,950	$285,356	5
9	Lightning	Relatively Low	Relatively Low	$21,570	n/a	$187,282	$208,852	0	No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).
10	Winter Weather	Relatively Low	Relatively Moderate	$20,053	$619	$53,221	$73,893	60	Includes 1 Sleet record (outside NRI's Winter Weather definition).
11	Hurricane	Very Low	Very Low	$23,249	$5,127	$61	$28,437	0	No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).
12	Wildfire	Very Low	Very Low	$9,523	$4	$989	$10,515	0	No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).
13	Landslide	Very Low	Very Low	$196	n/a	$994	$1,190	0	No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).
14	Drought	No Rating	No Expected Annual Losses	n/a	$0	n/a	$0	0	No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).

Total = buildings + agriculture + population equivalence; FEMA values each expected death (or 10 injuries) at $13.7 million (2024 dollars).

NRI risk rating combines expected annual loss with social vulnerability and community resilience; EAL rating rates expected annual loss alone. Both compare this county with all U.S. counties.

Local data needed: state and local lightning, wildfire and landslide records (Storm Events records these hazards only in part).

Not applicable to this county per NRI, with no federal declaration and no Storm Events record since 1996: avalanche, coastal flooding, tsunami and volcanic activity. That is the evidence for leaving them out of the plan.

The state hazard mitigation plan also lists hazards for this county; FEMA asks the plan to explain any hazard it leaves out.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-b: hazard location

Affects the whole county (national data give no location within it): Cold Wave, Drought, Hail, Heat Wave, Ice Storm, Lightning, Strong Wind and Winter Weather.

Inland Flooding: The FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) is the required location source for flooding. See the FEMA Flood Map Service Center (https://msc.fema.gov) for this county.

Hazards that vary within the county: highest-rated census tracts

Source: 5

Hazard	Highest-rated census tractsNRI risk rating, score 0 to 100
Earthquake	tract 202.02 (Relatively Low, 52.8); tract 203.03 (Relatively Low, 46.3); tract 201.02 (Very Low, 38.3)
Hurricane	tract 202.02 (Very Low, 40.1); tract 211 (Very Low, 38.3); tract 207 (Very Low, 37.9)
Landslide	tract 208 (Relatively Low, 88.1); tract 211 (Relatively Low, 85.4); tract 207 (Relatively Low, 83.6)
Tornado	tract 202.02 (Very High, 93.5); tract 203.02 (Relatively High, 84.1); tract 203.03 (Relatively High, 83.4)
Wildfire	tract 208 (Very Low, 63.2); tract 214.02 (Very Low, 63.1); tract 210.01 (Very Low, 62.9)

Up to 3 census tracts per hazard, highest National Risk Index rating first, then highest score; a tract number is the Census tract number (for example 202.02 is Census Tract 202.02). FEMA's Resilience Analysis and Planning Tool maps the National Risk Index for every tract: https://www.fema.gov/emergency-managers/practitioners/resilience-analysis-and-planning-tool

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-c: hazard extent

Extent: scale, observed range and worst recorded event per hazard

Sources: 6, 7

Hazard	Scale	Recordscount and years	Observed range	Worst recorded event	Most damaging (when different)	How it applies to jurisdictions	Note
Cold/Wind Chill, Extreme Cold/Wind Chill	wind chill	0
Frost/Freeze (outside NRI's Cold Wave definition)	crop damage	0
Drought	U.S. Drought Monitor scale (D0 to D4)	0					Storm Events enters a drought at D2 or worse east of the Rockies and D3 or worse from the Rockies west (NWS Instruction 10-1605); NRI drought counts D3 and D4 only.
Earthquake	Modified Mercalli (local data)	0					Storm Events does not record earthquakes; the USGS earthquake catalog is the source.
Hail	hail size (inches)	67 records, 1957 to 2026	0.75 in to 1.75 in (median 0.88 in); 67 with a recorded value	1.75 in hail, 2004-05-23; same size also recorded on 1978-07-26, 1990-07-16, 1991-03-21, 1998-06-24	Hail, 2000-05-18, $80,000 property; $40,000 crops (2000 dollars)	Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Charlotte city (14 records), Grand Ledge city (8 records), Bellevue township (7 records), Bellevue village (7 records), Eaton Rapids city (4 records).
Excessive Heat, Heat	heat index (in event narratives)	0
Hurricane, Tropical Storm, Tropical Depression	Saffir-Simpson	0					Storm Events files every zone of a storm's episode under the storm's type; flooding from the storm is filed as Flood or Flash Flood records.
Ice Storm	Sperry-Piltz ice scale (local data)	5 records, 1997 to 2023 (5 zone-level)		Ice Storm, 2013-12-21, $5,000,000 property; $0 crops (2013 dollars); NWS zone MIZ066		Countywide (zone-level records).
Flash Flood, Flood, Lakeshore Flood	damage and flood days (flood depth: FIRM)	12 records, 1996 to 2020 (2 zone-level)		Flood, 2013-04-17, $3,000,000 property; $0 crops (2013 dollars)		Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Bellevue township (4 records), Bellevue village (4 records), Grand Ledge city (2 records), Eaton Rapids city (1 record). Zone-level records (2) apply countywide.	Flood depth: see the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map. Storm Events damage is often $0 or blank for floods, major ones included; FEMA Public Assistance by declaration (B1-d) shows which floods cost the most.
Debris Flow	none (count and damage only)	0
Lightning	annualized frequency (the measure FEMA's Local Mitigation Planning Handbook names)	0					Storm Events lists lightning with damage or casualties.
High Wind and Strong Wind (outside NRI's Strong Wind definition)	wind speed (kt and mph)	10 records, 1997 to 2019 (10 zone-level)	41 kt (47 mph) to 61 kt (70 mph) (median 52 kt (60 mph)); 9 with a recorded value	61 kt (70 mph) estimated gust, High Wind, 2017-03-08; same speed and measurement basis also recorded on 2013-11-17; NWS zone MIZ066		Countywide (zone-level records).
Thunderstorm Wind	wind speed (kt and mph)	130 records, 1966 to 2026	50 kt (58 mph) to 90 kt (104 mph) (median 53 kt (61 mph)); 93 with a recorded value	90 kt (104 mph) estimated, Thunderstorm Wind, 2001-10-24	Thunderstorm Wind, 2023-08-24, $5,000,000 property; $0 crops (2023 dollars)	Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Charlotte city (16 records), Bellevue township (12 records), Bellevue village (12 records), Eaton Rapids city (12 records), Grand Ledge city (11 records), Brookfield township (4 records), Olivet city (4 records), Potterville city (4 records), Lansing city (3 records).
Tornado	Enhanced Fujita (Fujita before Feb 2007)	26 records, 1951 to 2026	F/EF0 to F/EF4 (median F/EF1); 26 with a recorded value	F4 tornado, 1977-04-02, 16.6 mi path length (whole path, pre-1996), 613 yd wide, $2,500,000 property; crops not recorded (1977 dollars), 1 direct death, 44 direct injuries	Tornado, 2007-08-24, $40,000,000 property; $0 crops (2007 dollars)	Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Potterville city (2 records), Brookfield township (1 record), Charlotte city (1 record), Eaton Rapids city (1 record).	Before 1996 a tornado is listed once, under the county where it began, with its whole path's rating and length; from 1996 on, each county lists its own segment. Length is not used to rank tornadoes (see Methods).
Wildfire	acres burned (local data)	0
Winter Storm, Heavy Snow, Blizzard, Lake-Effect Snow, Winter Weather, Sleet	none in data (snowfall: local data)	60 records, 1997 to 2025 (60 zone-level)		Winter Storm, 2011-11-29, $1,000,000 property; $0 crops (2011 dollars); NWS zone MIZ066		Countywide (zone-level records).

In event narratives only (local data needed): wind chill, temperature, heat index, ice thickness, acres burned and snow depth; any physical measure of debris flow and lightning.

Storm Events records are more complete after 1996; before 1996 only Tornado (from 1950), Hail and Thunderstorm Wind (from 1955) exist. Zone-level records from zones that no NWS zone-county file places in this county (mostly before 2020) are not counted here (the Methods page explains the zone matching).

Dollars are nominal (as reported), labeled with the year; not adjusted for inflation.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-d: previous occurrences

Federal declarations for this county: 14 declarations covering 10 separate hazard incidents counted in this packet (declarations for the same incident count once; non-natural and evacuation-only declarations are not counted).

Federal disaster declarations for this county

Sources: 1, 2, 3

Declared	Incident began	FEMA number	Type	Title	Mapped hazard	County Public Assistancefederal share obligated, nominal dollars	Flags	Notes
2026-06-30	2026-04-10	DR-4925-MI	Major disaster	Severe Storms, Tornadoes, and Flooding	Inland Flooding (primary); also designated: Tornado	$57,713.48	new since last plan; within last 5 years
2024-02-08	2023-08-24	DR-4757-MI	Major disaster	Severe Storms, Tornadoes, and Flooding	Inland Flooding (primary); also designated: Tornado	PA not declared for this county	within last 5 years
2020-03-27	2020-01-20	DR-4494-MI	Major disaster	COVID-19 Pandemic	Non-natural, not counted	$134,389.63
2020-03-13	2020-01-20	EM-3455-MI	Emergency	COVID-19	Non-natural, not counted	no Public Assistance recorded		same incident as DR-4494
2008-07-14	2008-06-06	DR-1777-MI	Major disaster	Severe Storms, Tornadoes, and Flooding	Inland Flooding; Tornado	$614,038.29
2005-09-07	2005-08-29	EM-3225-MI	Emergency	Hurricane Katrina Evacuation	Hurricane: evacuation support, not a local hazard event; not counted	no Public Assistance recorded
2004-06-30	2004-05-20	DR-1527-MI	Major disaster	Severe Storms, Tornadoes, and Flooding	Inland Flooding; Tornado	PA not declared for this county
2003-09-23	2003-08-14	EM-3189-MI	Emergency	Power Outage	Non-natural, not counted	$16,252.29
2001-01-10	2000-12-11	EM-3160-MI	Emergency	Snow	Winter Weather	$116,868.92
1978-01-27	1978-01-27	EM-3057-MI	Emergency	Blizzards & Snowstorms	Winter Weather	no Public Assistance recorded
1977-02-05	1977-02-05	EM-3030-MI	Emergency	Snowstorms	Winter Weather	no Public Assistance recorded
1975-04-26	1975-04-26	DR-465-MI	Major disaster	Severe Storms, High Winds & Flooding	Inland Flooding (primary); also designated: Strong Wind	no Public Assistance recorded
1972-04-05	1972-04-05	DR-330-MI	Major disaster	Severe Storm & Freezing	Winter Weather	no Public Assistance recorded
1965-04-14	1965-04-14	DR-190-MI	Major disaster	Tornadoes & Severe Storms	Tornado	no Public Assistance recorded

County Public Assistance: applicants the FEMA record places in this county, including any state agencies FEMA files there; statewide rows are listed on the state page; federal share obligated, nominal dollars.

Statewide declarations

Source: 2

Declared	Incident began	FEMA number	Type	Title	Mapped hazard
1956-04-05	1956-04-05	DR-53-MI	Major disaster	Tornado	Tornado
1953-06-09	1953-06-09	DR-6-MI	Major disaster	Tornado	Tornado
1953-06-02	1953-06-02	DR-4-MI	Major disaster	Tornado	Tornado

FEMA recorded these with designated area Statewide and no county, so they are listed on every county page in the state and not counted with county rows. Local data needed: whether each one affected this county.

Previous occurrences by hazard, with explicit no-event rows

Sources: 2, 6, 7

Hazard	Storm Events records, all years on file(years in the Period column)	Since plan approvalrecords	In the 12 months before plan approvalrecords	Last 5 yearsrecords	Declared incidents, all yearsseparate disasters	Declared since approvalseparate disasters	Period	Statement
Cold Wave	0	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Drought	0	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Earthquake	0	0	0	0	0	0		Storm Events does not record earthquakes; the USGS earthquake catalog is the source.
Hail	67	1	0	6	0	0	1955 to 2026-06-30
Heat Wave	0	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Hurricane	0	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Ice Storm	5	0	0	1	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30
Inland Flooding	12	0	0	0	5	1	1996 to 2026-06-30
Landslide	0	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Lightning	0	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Strong Wind	140	6	6	16	1	0	1955 to 2026-06-30	Includes 9 High Wind and 1 Strong Wind records.
Tornado	26	1	1	2	5	1	1950 to 2026-06-30
Wildfire	0	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Winter Weather	60	1	0	6	4	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	Includes 1 Sleet record.

Notable Storm Events records

Sources: 1, 6, 7

Date	Event type	Magnitude or extent	Damagenominal dollars	Deaths, injuriesdirect only	Location	Flags	Why listed
2023-08-24	Thunderstorm Wind	75 kt (86 mph) estimated gust	$5,000,000 property; $0 crops (2023 dollars)	0, 0	GRAND LEDGE ARPT	within last 5 years	B1-c most damaging: Thunderstorm Wind
2017-03-08	High Wind	61 kt (70 mph) estimated gust	$10,000,000 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2017 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone MIZ066 (EATON), zone-level		B1-c worst recorded: High Wind and Strong Wind
2013-12-21	Ice Storm		$5,000,000 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2013 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone MIZ066 (EATON), zone-level		B1-c worst recorded: Ice Storm
2013-04-17	Flood		$3,000,000 property; $0 crops (2013 dollars)	0, 0	WOODBURY to BELLEVUE		B1-c worst recorded: Flash Flood, Flood, Lakeshore Flood
2011-11-29	Winter Storm		$1,000,000 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2011 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone MIZ066 (EATON), zone-level		B1-c worst recorded: Winter Storm, Heavy Snow, Blizzard, Lake-Effect Snow, Winter Weather, Sleet
2008-06-08	Tornado	EF1, 9.74 mi within this county, 150 yd wide	damage not reported	1, 0	NEEDMORE to BRETTON WOODS		deaths or injuries recorded
2007-08-24	Tornado	EF3, 6.5 mi within this county, 300 yd wide	$40,000,000 property; $0 crops (2007 dollars)	0, 5	CHARLOTTE to POTTERVILLE		deaths or injuries recorded
2004-05-23	Hail	1.75 in	$40,000 property; $40,000 crops (2004 dollars)	0, 0	CHARLOTTE		B1-c worst recorded: Hail
2001-10-24	Thunderstorm Wind	90 kt (104 mph) estimated	$1,000,000 property; $100,000 crops (2001 dollars)	0, 0	KALAMO		B1-c worst recorded: Thunderstorm Wind
2001-09-09	Tornado	F1, 8 mi within this county, 300 yd wide	$10,000,000 property; $100,000 crops (2001 dollars)	0, 1	POTTERVILLE		deaths or injuries recorded
2000-05-18	Hail	1.5 in	$80,000 property; $40,000 crops (2000 dollars)	0, 0	CHARLOTTE		B1-c most damaging: Hail
1977-04-02	Tornado	F4, 16.6 mi path length (whole path, pre-1996), 613 yd wide	$2,500,000 property; crops not recorded (1977 dollars)	1, 44	location not recorded		deaths or injuries recorded

The full list is in the Excel file, sheet "B1-d Storm Events history" (310 rows).

Location is the place NOAA recorded, as written in its data; it need not be a jurisdiction in this plan.

Local data needed: state-declared emergencies, from your state emergency management agency (federal data do not include them).

Tribal and special-area declarations in this state are listed on the state page.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-e: probability of future events

Probability: FEMA annualized frequency and descriptor per hazard

Sources: 5, 6

Hazard	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)unit per row	Unit	In plain terms	Descriptor	Descriptor basis	NRI events or days in its record period (hail, wind and tornado are area-weighted, so can be fractional)	NRI period	Location	Note
Cold Wave	2.11	event-days per year	about 2.11 days per year		Storm Events event-days in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%)	40	2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years)	countywide	No Storm Events cold wave record, 1996 to 2025.
Drought	0	event-days per year	none modeled		Storm Events event-days in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%)	0	2000 to 2025 (25.25 years; D3 and D4 only)	countywide	No Storm Events drought record, 1996 to 2025
Earthquake	0.000863	annual probability at a location	chance a given location in the county has at least minor-damage shaking in a year: 0.0863%			not shown	modeled	see B1-f	No descriptor (Storm Events does not record earthquakes).
Hail	2.47	events per year	about 2.47 per year	Highly likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	93.9 (modeled)	1986 to 2023 (38 years)	countywide
Heat Wave	2.63	event-days per year	about 2.63 days per year		Storm Events event-days in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%)	38	2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years)	countywide	No Storm Events heat wave record, 1996 to 2025
Hurricane	0.0173	events per year	about 1 in 58 years	Possible	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	6	1851 to 2024 (Atlantic)	see B1-f	NRI counts hurricane and tropical storm tracks passing within storm-force wind range; federal declarations are in B1-d.
Ice Storm	1.53	event-days per year	about 1.53 days per year	Likely	Storm Events event-days in 5 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (16.7%)	103	1946-12-31 to 2014-02-12 (67 years)	countywide
Inland Flooding	0.429	event-days per year	about 0.429 days per year	Likely	Storm Events event-days in 9 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (30%)	12	1996 to 2023 (28 years)	see B1-f
Landslide	0.102	events per year (modeled)	about 1 in 10 years	Likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	not shown	modeled	see B1-f
Lightning	34.4	days per year with a strike	about 34.4 days per year	Highly likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	not shown	1995 to 2023 (29 years; CONUS)	countywide
Strong Wind	4.77	events per year	about 4.77 per year	Highly likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	182	1986 to 2023 (38 years)	countywide
Tornado	0.286	events per year	about 1 in 3 years	Likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	not shown	1950 to 2023 (EF2+); 1986 to 2023 (EF0-1)	see B1-f
Wildfire	0.0000165	annual probability at a location	chance a given location in the county burns in a year: 0.00165%		Storm Events records in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%)	not shown	modeled	see B1-f	No descriptor: no Storm Events record 1996 to 2025
Winter Weather	17.5	event-days per year	about 17.5 days per year	Likely	Storm Events event-days in 22 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (73.3%)	333	2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years)	countywide

FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) is the National Risk Index v1.20 (December 2025) estimate of how often a hazard affects this county in a year; it is not recorded events divided by years, and its unit differs by hazard (events, event-days, or days with a lightning strike per year). For earthquake, wildfire, coastal flooding and tsunami the value is the chance (or number of events) at a location in the county, not across the county, so no "1 in N years" is given and the descriptor comes from Storm Events where it has a record (none for earthquake). The Methods page gives each hazard's method, from FEMA's National Risk Index Technical Documentation v1.20.

Where NRI gives event-days, the descriptor comes from the share of years with a Storm Events record; NRI's source records more events, so the two differ.

Descriptor scale used in this packet (defined per unit)

Sources: 5, 6

Unit	Descriptor	Definition
events per year	Highly likely	1 or more per year
events per year	Likely	about once in 1 to 10 years
events per year	Possible	about once in 10 to 100 years
events per year	Unlikely	less than once in 100 years
annual probability	Likely	10% to under 100% chance in a given year
annual probability	Possible	1% to under 10% chance in a given year
annual probability	Unlikely	under 1% chance in a given year
event-days (share of years)	Highly likely	event-days recorded in 90% or more of years
event-days (share of years)	Likely	event-days recorded in 10% to under 90% of years
event-days (share of years)	Possible	event-days recorded in some years but under 10% of years
lightning strike-days	Highly likely	cloud-to-ground strikes on 1 or more days per year

Intensity bands: historical frequency (Storm Events)

Source: 6

Hazard	Band	Years	Eventscounty-coded records	Years in period	Events per yearevents / years
Hail	1.00-1.99 in	1996 to 2025	17	30	0.567
Hail	2.00 in+	1996 to 2025	0	30	0
Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind)	50-64 kt	1996 to 2025	68	30	2.27
Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind)	65 kt+	1996 to 2025	11	30	0.367
Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind)	unmeasured or below 50 kt	1996 to 2025	18	30	0.6
Tornado	EF0-1	1996 to 2025	8	30	0.267
Tornado	EF2-3	1996 to 2025	1	30	0.0333
Tornado	EF4-5	1996 to 2025	0	30	0
Tornado	unrated (EFU)	1996 to 2025	0	30	0

The bands show how often events of each severity were recorded in this county, to profile how severe events have been (FEMA's probability item asks for the range of intensities).

Hail smaller than 1 inch is not counted: on 2010-01-05 the National Weather Service raised its severe-hail threshold from 3/4 inch to 1 inch, so smaller reports became less common after 2009 (NWS Service Change Notice 09-52). NRI hail frequency uses a 0.75 inch threshold.

Optional: future conditions. Not a required item in the 2025 FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Policy Guide; some states ask for it. The federal Climate Mapping for Resilience and Adaptation (CMRA) site gives county exposure to future climate conditions (https://resilience.climate.gov/).

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-f: hazards that vary across jurisdictions

Range of census tract risk within the county

Source: 5

Hazard	Tractsrated of all	NRI risk score, 0 to 100			Tracts by rating
Hazard	Tractsrated of all	Min	Median	Max	Tracts by rating
Cold Wave	29 of 29	36.2	61.7	72.4	Relatively Moderate 27, Relatively Low 2
Drought	0 of 29				No Rating 29
Earthquake	29 of 29	12.5	26.7	52.8	Relatively Low 2, Very Low 27
Hail	29 of 29	63.9	81.9	92.1	Relatively High 1, Relatively Moderate 26, Relatively Low 2
Heat Wave	29 of 29	4.9	15.4	24.9	Relatively Low 10, Very Low 19
Hurricane	29 of 29	25.7	33.4	40.1	Very Low 29
Ice Storm	29 of 29	40.2	68.9	86.5	Relatively Moderate 14, Relatively Low 15
Inland Flooding	29 of 29	8.3	47.0	79.9	Relatively High 1, Relatively Moderate 13, Relatively Low 12, Very Low 3
Landslide	29 of 29	25.7	62.8	88.1	Relatively Low 3, Very Low 26
Lightning	29 of 29	15.6	36.9	48.7	Relatively Low 27, Very Low 2
Strong Wind	29 of 29	67.8	89.8	97.5	Very High 1, Relatively High 23, Relatively Moderate 5
Tornado	29 of 29	53.9	75.9	93.5	Very High 1, Relatively High 17, Relatively Moderate 11
Wildfire	29 of 29	30.0	52.8	63.2	Very Low 29
Winter Weather	29 of 29	30.4	49.9	59.6	Relatively Moderate 17, Relatively Low 12

Rated tracts only: No Rating (score 0.0), Not Applicable and Insufficient Data tracts are counted but not used for the minimum, median and maximum.

The score ranks a tract against all U.S. tracts (100 = highest). The rating is FEMA's category for the tract's risk value, computed differently, so the two can disagree.

Frequency data for cold wave, hail, heat wave, ice storm, lightning, strong wind and winter weather are county-wide or coarse (49 km grid or NWS zone), the same for every jurisdiction; the tract range mostly reflects where buildings and people are.

Each jurisdiction (starting figures from federal data)

Sources: 1, 3, 4, 6

Jurisdiction	Type	Plan status	Repetitive lossFMA RL and SRL (44 CFR 77.2); repeat-flood, any definition	Public Assistance to this jurisdictionFEMA records matched by applicant name; federal share obligated, nominal dollars	Event records naming this placeall years; since its plan	Notes
Eaton County	County	Approved, expires 2030-06-17		$55,755.43	0 total; 0 since its plan	Also approved under plan 108837 (Tri-County HMP Update (Clinton, Eaton, Ingham), expires 2028-03-02). FEMA's plan status map shows one plan per jurisdiction and may show one of these; this packet uses the approved plan that expires last. No NFIP community ID on this jurisdiction's plan row. Includes $6,945.13 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4494-MI, EM-3189-MI).
Bellevue village	Village	Approved, expires 2030-06-17	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$3,239.46	23 total; 0 since its plan
Charlotte city	City	Approved, expires 2030-06-17	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$47,822.90	31 total; 1 since its plan
Eaton Rapids city	City	Approved, expires 2030-06-17	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 1	$26,874.10	18 total; 1 since its plan
Grand Ledge city	City	Approved, expires 2030-06-17	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$104,557.66	21 total; 0 since its plan	Includes $53,064.81 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4494-MI).
Lansing city	City	Expired on 2024-01-30	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 4	no Public Assistance recorded	3 total; 0 since its plan	Whole community, including the part in Ingham County; none of its repeat-flood properties are in this county.
Olivet city	City	Approved, expires 2030-06-17	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$5,262.75	4 total; 0 since its plan
Potterville city	City	Approved, expires 2030-06-17	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$4,621.49	6 total; 0 since its plan
Bellevue township	Township	Approved, expires 2030-06-17	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	no Public Assistance recorded	23 total; 0 since its plan
Benton township	Township	Approved, expires 2030-06-17	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	no Public Assistance recorded	0 total; 0 since its plan
Brookfield township	Township	Plan 108837 approved 2023-03-03, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	no Public Assistance recorded	5 total; no approved plan
Delta charter township	Township	Approved, expires 2028-03-02	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 2	no Public Assistance recorded	0 total; 0 since its plan
Eaton township	Township	Plan 110781 approved 2025-06-18, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	no Public Assistance recorded	0 total; no approved plan
Hamlin township	Township	Plan 108837 approved 2023-03-03, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$2,264.19	0 total; no approved plan
Oneida charter township	Township	Plan 108837 approved 2023-03-03, pending adoption here; not yet eligible	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	no Public Assistance recorded	0 total; no approved plan

Repetitive-loss counts are for whole NFIP communities, which can extend beyond this county (see the note in B2-c).

County Public Assistance in B1-d also includes applicants filed under the county that are not jurisdictions in this plan (for example state agencies, special districts and nonprofits), so the jurisdiction rows add up to less.

Supports FEMA checklist items B2-a and B2-b: vulnerability and potential impacts

Local data needed

The table below gives county-level starting figures; the plan describes impacts for each jurisdiction and its own assets.

Critical facilities and lifelines per hazard
A problem statement per jurisdiction per hazard
Changes in development in hazard-prone areas since the last approval, or a statement of none (E1-a)
Future assets

County-level starter: exposure, expected annual loss and damage since the plan

Sources: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7

Hazard	Building exposuremodeled dollars	Agriculture exposuremodeled dollars	Population exposedpeople	EAL buildingsmodeled dollars per year	EAL agriculturemodeled dollars per year	Cost of expected deaths and injuriesFEMA's dollar value per year, not property damage	EAL as % of exposurebuildings; agriculture where noted	Storm Events damage since 2025-06-18county-coded records, property plus crops, nominal dollars	Zone-level damage since planproperty plus crops, reported for the zone	Public Assistance since plannominal dollars; see note	Note
Cold Wave	$25,006,319,790	$107,269,499	109,033	$1,119	$36,028	$2,237,511	under 0.0001%
Drought	n/a	$0	n/a	n/a	$0	n/a					agriculture exposure is 0 in NRI
Earthquake	$43,703,492,965	n/a	109,175	$259,581	n/a	$70,414	0.000594%
Hail	$25,006,319,790	$107,269,499	109,033	$1,281,389	$31,750	$32,886	0.00512%	$0
Heat Wave	$25,006,319,790	$107,269,499	109,033	$5,089	$1	$322,820	under 0.0001%
Hurricane	$24,997,337,800	$106,877,426	108,981	$23,249	$5,127	$61	under 0.0001%
Ice Storm	$25,006,319,790	n/a	109,033	$254,406	n/a	$30,950	0.00102%
Inland Flooding	$24,989,226,708	$3,463,996	1,981	$16,016,194	$18,038	$4,378	n/a (see note)			$57,713.48	NRI counts the full building value of any census block with some flood loss; this is not the value of buildings in the floodplain. Use local FIRM overlays for B2-a/B2-b.
Landslide	$122,367,304	n/a	534	$196	n/a	$994	0.00016%
Lightning	$25,006,319,790	n/a	109,033	$21,570	n/a	$187,282	under 0.0001%
Strong Wind	$25,006,319,790	$107,269,499	109,033	$2,124,663	$72,754	$506,011	0.0085%
Tornado	$25,006,319,790	$107,269,499	109,033	$4,114,033	$3,102	$2,276,734	0.0165%			$57,713.48
Wildfire	$8,230,494,253	$28,029,299	40,127	$9,523	$4	$989	0.000116%
Winter Weather	$25,006,319,790	$107,269,499	109,033	$20,053	$619	$53,221	under 0.0001%		$0

Totals since 2025-06-18 (Storm Events through 2026-06-30): 8 county-coded records, 1 with a damage value recorded (including $0), $0; 1 zone-level records, 1 with a damage value recorded (including $0), $0 reported for the zone; Public Assistance: $57,713.48 on 1 counted declaration.

FEMA does not split Public Assistance by hazard. A declaration mapped to several hazards is listed under each of them with its full amount, so the per-hazard column does not add up to the total; the unit total counts each declaration once.

NRI computes earthquake exposure on its own basis, so it exceeds the county building value in B2-a.

Supports FEMA checklist item B2-a: vulnerability (county context)

County context

Source: 5

Measure	Value
Population	109,033
Building value (total, not at risk)	$25,006,319,790
Agriculture value (total, not at risk)	$107,269,499
NRI risk rating (all hazards)	Relatively Low
Expected annual loss, buildings and agriculture, all hazards	$24,298,487
Expected annual loss, population equivalence, all hazards (NRI values each statistical life at $13.7M; a modeled value of expected deaths and injuries, not property damage)	$5,724,249
Social vulnerability rating	Relatively Low
Community resilience rating	Very High
NRI version	December 2025

FEMA's all-hazard expected annual loss adds buildings, agriculture and population equivalence; this table gives the property part and the population-equivalence part as separate rows.

Social vulnerability: higher means people are more likely to be harmed and slower to recover. Community resilience: lower means the community is less able to recover. High social vulnerability and low resilience both raise the NRI risk rating.

Supports FEMA checklist item B2-c: repetitive loss properties

Repetitive loss in this county, both definitions

Sources: 1, 4

Definition	Properties	Severe repetitive loss	Properties
Repetitive loss, FMA definition (44 CFR 77.2)	0	Severe repetitive loss, FMA definition (44 CFR 77.2)	0
Repetitive loss, NFIP insurance definition	13	Severe repetitive loss, NFIP insurance definition	0

The state NFIP coordinator's list, the source FEMA's Handbook names, often uses the NFIP insurance definition (second row).

Repeat-flood properties: county and state-level rows

Sources: 1, 4

Scope	RL, NFIPproperties	Any categoryproperties	Currently insuredproperties
County total	13	13	6
of which: Delta charter township	2	2	0
of which: Eaton Rapids city	1	1	0
of which: Windsor charter township (community ID not in plan data)	9	9	5
of which: Eaton Rapids township (community ID not in plan data)	1	1	1
Statewide, no county in FEMA's file	4	4	0

The statewide row counts properties FEMA's file gives with no county in this state; they are listed for reference and are not in this county's counts.

Repeat-flood properties by jurisdiction in the plan (NFIP community)

Sources: 1, 4

Jurisdiction	NFIP community ID	RL, NFIPproperties	Any categoryproperties	Currently insuredproperties	Note
Bellevue village	260566	0	0	0
Charlotte city	260065	0	0	0
Eaton Rapids city	260067	1	1	0
Grand Ledge city	260068	0	0	0
Lansing city	260090	4	4	3	Whole community, including the part in Ingham County; none of its repeat-flood properties are in this county.
Olivet city	260069	0	0	0
Potterville city	260711	0	0	0
Bellevue township	261239	0	0	0
Benton township	261185	0	0	0
Brookfield township	261186	0	0	0
Delta charter township	260066	2	2	0
Eaton township	261188	0	0	0
Hamlin township	261189	0	0	0
Oneida charter township	260070	0	0	0

Counts by occupancy group for each jurisdiction are in the Excel file, sheet "B2-c Jurisdictions".

Jurisdiction rows are whole NFIP communities and need not add up to the county total: a community that extends into another county is counted in full on each jurisdiction row, while the county table counts only its part in this county.

County repeat-flood properties by occupancy group

Sources: 1, 4

Occupancy group	RL, NFIPproperties	Any categoryproperties	Currently insuredproperties
single-family residential	12	12	6
2 to 4 unit residential	0	0	0
other residential	0	0	0
non-residential	1	1	0
not reported	0	0	0

FEMA's occupancy groups have no institutional class; institutional properties are counted in non-residential or other residential in the table by occupancy group.

FMA RL and FMA SRL are the Flood Mitigation Assistance definitions (44 CFR 77.2), the ones the FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Policy Guide cites. NFIP repetitive loss (the FEMA insurance definition) is 2 or more claims over $1,000 in 10 years, and a property can leave that group once it is mitigated. Also shown: NFIP severe repetitive loss, any category, mitigated and currently insured. The Methods page gives the OpenFEMA field details.

Counts are aggregates of FEMA's public NFIP Multiple Loss Properties file (FEMA's data date 2026-08-02; file version 2026-08-04). No property is identified. County assignment is FEMA's geocode.

In this county 0 properties are FMA repetitive loss but not NFIP repetitive loss, and 13 properties are NFIP repetitive loss but not FMA repetitive loss.

Exact counts; no count suppression.

Sources

Tables cite these sources by number. The full list, for the plan's bibliography (FEMA review item A4-a):

FEMA, OpenFEMA HazardMitigationPlanStatuses v1, version 2026-09-29T134039Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/HazardMitigationPlanStatuses (API)
FEMA, OpenFEMA DisasterDeclarationsSummaries v2, version 2026-09-29T162832Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v2/DisasterDeclarationsSummaries (API)
FEMA, OpenFEMA PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries v1, version 2026-09-29T150754Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries (API)
FEMA, OpenFEMA NfipMultipleLossProperties v1, version 2026-08-04T164045Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/NfipMultipleLossProperties (API)
FEMA, FEMA National Risk Index 1.20.0 (December 2025), county and census tract tables, version 1.20.0, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_Counties.zip (download, 25 MB), https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_CensusTracts.zip (download, 635 MB)
NOAA NCEI, NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, details files (csvfiles v1.0), version c20260918, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/swdi/stormevents/csvfiles/
NOAA National Weather Service, NWS county-public forecast zones correlation file, version bp03mr20 to bp16ap26 (11 files; newest bp16ap26), pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.weather.gov/gis/ZoneCounty
U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2024 Gazetteer, 2020 place by county, CT county-to-cousub crosswalk, version 2024-gazetteer, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_counties_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_cousubs_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_place_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_unsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_elsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_scsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/reference/codes2020/national_place_by_county2020.txt, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/reference/ct_change/ct_cou_to_cousub_crosswalk.xlsx (used to match place names and codes; no table prints its values)

What this packet is and what the plan adds

This packet is the federal data for the plan's risk assessment (the summary on page 1 says how it is organized); the plan and FEMA's review decide whether each item is met.

The plan adds what only the community has: local data on assets, critical facilities, development and each jurisdiction's impacts; local hazard history, including state-declared emergencies; the mitigation strategy; and adoption.

How the federal data are built: National Risk Index values are FEMA's model, not counts of events. Storm Events is more complete from 1996; zone-level records are placed by forecast zone, not by location in the county. Public Assistance for a jurisdiction is matched by applicant name. The Methods page gives every rule and the known edge cases.

OpenFEMA disclaimer

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

Reuse, citation and corrections

Reuse and citation: Hazard Plain text and tables are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); credit Hazard Plain and the release. The underlying federal data are public domain; OpenFEMA data are also subject to the OpenFEMA terms and conditions.

Cite this: Hazard Plain (2026). Eaton County, MI: risk-assessment baseline packet, release 2026-10 (data as of 2026-09-30; County FIPS 26045). Automated baseline. https://hazardplain.org/mi/26045/ Built from FEMA OpenFEMA, the FEMA National Risk Index and NOAA NCEI Storm Events; source versions in the packet's Sources list.

Corrections: to report an error, name the packet, the table and what your records show. Contact: [email protected]