Alameda County, CA: risk-assessment baseline packet, release 2026-10

Summary

Plan status as of 2026-09-30: Approved, expires 2027-03-10. Plan: Alameda County (FEMA plan 107908), approved 2022-03-11.

Since the plan was approved on 2022-03-11: 3 new hazard declarations (2 incidents) and 97 NOAA Storm Events records; details under "What changed since your last plan".

Highest expected annual loss (FEMA National Risk Index, modeled total; see B1-a): Earthquake ($1,351,626,513 a year), Inland Flooding ($490,549,126) and Heat Wave ($13,368,588).

The tables that follow are organized by the items of FEMA's Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool, Element B (B1-a to B2-c); each heading says which item its tables support.

Terms used

EAL:: expected annual loss: FEMA's modeled average yearly loss from a hazard.
NRI:: FEMA's National Risk Index (version 1.20, December 2025).
NFIP:: National Flood Insurance Program.
RL, SRL:: repetitive loss and severe repetitive loss: flood-insured properties with repeated claims (definitions in B2-c).
FMA, HMGP:: Flood Mitigation Assistance and Hazard Mitigation Grant Program, FEMA mitigation grants.
PA:: FEMA Public Assistance: disaster aid to governments and some nonprofits.
Zone-level:: NOAA logged the event for a National Weather Service forecast zone, which may include parts of neighboring counties.
County-coded:: NOAA logged the event to this county.
FIPS:: the federal code for a place; 06001 is this area.
D0 to D4:: U.S. Drought Monitor categories, from abnormally dry (D0) to exceptional drought (D4).
F/EF, EFU:: Fujita and Enhanced Fujita tornado ratings; EFU is an unrated tornado.
kt, CONUS:: knots (1 kt is about 1.15 mph); the contiguous United States.
CFR:: Code of Federal Regulations.
A4-a, E1-a:: other items of FEMA's Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool (sources, and changes since the last plan).
Dollars:: nominal (as reported, labeled with the year), not adjusted for inflation.

Plan clock

Status:: Approved, expires 2027-03-10
Plan:: Alameda County (FEMA plan 107908)
Approved:: 2022-03-11
Days to expiry:: 161
Update underway:: none recorded in FEMA's plan tracker

What changed since your last plan (approved 2022-03-11)

New federal declarations:: 3 new hazard declarations (2 incidents): EM-3591-CA (Severe Winter Storms, Flooding, and Mudslides), DR-4683-CA (Severe Winter Storms, Flooding, Landslides, and Mudslides), DR-4699-CA (Severe Winter Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Flooding, Landslides, and Mudslides)
Storm Events records since approval:: 97 records (data through 2026-06-30)
Repetitive loss now:: FMA RL 0, SRL 2 (44 CFR 77.2); any definition: 13
Repeat-flood change:: this release sets the baseline count.

Sources: 1, 2, 4, 6 (numbered list at the end)

Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county: 27 rows, in the section "Plan clock: Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county" on the following pages.

State plan status and tribal plans in this state: see the state page.

Plan clock

Plan status for every jurisdiction listed in this county

Source: 1

Jurisdiction	Type	Status	Plan	Approved	Expires	Days to expirynegative = days since expiry	Update underway	Notes
Alameda County	County	Approved, expires 2027-03-10	Alameda County (FEMA plan 107908)	2022-03-11	2027-03-10	161		this jurisdiction approved 2022-03-10
Alameda city	City	No approved plan on record. Approvable pending adoption, not yet eligible	none	none	none		FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan.
Albany city	City	No approved plan on record. Approvable pending adoption, not yet eligible	none	none	none		FEMA tracker shows a plan approvable pending adoption	Not yet eligible: adopt the approved plan.
Berkeley city	City	Approved, expires 2030-04-14	Berkeley, City of (FEMA plan 110333)	2025-04-15	2030-04-14	1,292
Dublin city	City	Approved, expires 2029-03-21	Tri-Valley (Dublin, Livermore, Pleasanton) (FEMA plan 109406)	2024-03-22	2029-03-21	903
Emeryville city	City	Approved, expires 2030-10-14	Emeryville, City of (FEMA plan 110680)	2025-10-15	2030-10-14	1,475
Fremont city	City	Approved, expires 2029-08-22	Tri-City (Fremont, Newark, Union City) (FEMA plan 109818)	2024-08-23	2029-08-22	1,057		this jurisdiction approved 2024-11-21
Hayward city	City	Approved, expires 2028-04-10	Hayward, City of (FEMA plan 108825)	2023-04-11	2028-04-10	558
Livermore city	City	Approved, expires 2029-03-21	Tri-Valley (Dublin, Livermore, Pleasanton) (FEMA plan 109406)	2024-03-22	2029-03-21	903		this jurisdiction approved 2024-03-26
Newark city	City	Approved, expires 2029-08-22	Tri-City (Fremont, Newark, Union City) (FEMA plan 109818)	2024-08-23	2029-08-22	1,057		this jurisdiction approved 2024-09-19
Oakland city	City	Approved, expires 2031-06-10	Oakland, City of (FEMA plan 111869)	2026-06-11	2031-06-10	1,714
Piedmont city	City	Approved, expires 2031-03-04	Piedmont, City of (FEMA plan 111460)	2026-03-05	2031-03-04	1,616
Pleasanton city	City	Approved, expires 2029-03-21	Tri-Valley (Dublin, Livermore, Pleasanton) (FEMA plan 109406)	2024-03-22	2029-03-21	903
San Leandro city	City	No approved plan on record	none	none	none		FEMA tracker shows a plan in review
Union City city	City	Approved, expires 2029-08-22	Tri-City (Fremont, Newark, Union City) (FEMA plan 109818)	2024-08-23	2029-08-22	1,057
Livermore Valley Joint Unified School District	School/School District	Expired on 2018-06-17	Livermore Valley Joint Unified School District (FEMA plan 102619)	2013-06-17	2018-06-17	-3,027
Alameda County Fire Department	Fire/EMS District	Approved, expires 2027-03-10	Alameda County (FEMA plan 107908)	2022-03-11	2027-03-10	161		this jurisdiction approved 2022-11-17
Alameda County Flood Control & Water Conservation District	Water/Sewer Authority	Approved, expires 2027-03-10	Alameda County (FEMA plan 107908)	2022-03-11	2027-03-10	161		this jurisdiction approved 2022-05-19
Alameda County Water District	Water/Sewer Authority	Approved, expires 2029-08-22	Tri-City (Fremont, Newark, Union City) (FEMA plan 109818)	2024-08-23	2029-08-22	1,057		this jurisdiction approved 2024-10-30
Alameda-Contra Costa Transit District	Special District	Approved, expires 2027-11-09	Metropolitan Transportation Commission (FEMA plan 110161)	2022-11-10	2027-11-09	405		this jurisdiction approved 2023-06-28
BART (Bay Area Rapid Transit)	Transit/Airport	Approved, expires 2027-12-19	Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) (FEMA plan 108550)	2022-12-20	2027-12-19	445
Dublin-San Ramon Services District	Community Services District	Approved, expires 2029-03-21	Tri-Valley (Dublin, Livermore, Pleasanton) (FEMA plan 109406)	2024-03-22	2029-03-21	903		this jurisdiction approved 2024-05-16
East Bay Municipal Utilities District	Water/Sewer Authority	Approved, expires 2028-04-10	East Bay Municipal Utility District (FEMA plan 108849)	2023-04-11	2028-04-10	558
East Bay Regional Parks District	Special District	Approved, expires 2028-04-06	East Bay Regional Park District (FEMA plan 108783)	2023-04-07	2028-04-06	554
Oro Loma Sanitary District	Water/Sewer Authority	Approved, expires 2027-08-15	Oro Loma Sanitary District (FEMA plan 108218)	2022-08-16	2027-08-15	319
Union Sanitary District	Water/Sewer Authority	Approved, expires 2029-08-22	Tri-City (Fremont, Newark, Union City) (FEMA plan 109818)	2024-08-23	2029-08-22	1,057		this jurisdiction approved 2024-10-15
Zone 7 Water Agency	Water/Sewer Authority	Approved, expires 2029-10-16	Zone 7 Water Agency (FEMA plan 109972)	2024-10-17	2029-10-16	1,112

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-a: hazard identification

Hazards NRI does not cover (local data needed)

dam failure (incl. upstream dams)
levee failure
flash flood as its own subtype
ice jams
debris flows
erosion (riverine and coastal)
land subsidence and sinkholes
expansive soils

The 18 National Risk Index hazards, ranked by expected annual loss (EAL)

Sources: 5, 6

Rank by EAL	Hazard	NRI risk rating	EAL rating	EAL buildingsmodeled dollars per year	EAL agriculturemodeled dollars per year	Cost of expected deaths and injuriesFEMA's dollar value per year, not property damage	EAL total (see note)modeled dollars per year	Storm Events records, 1996 to 2026-06-30count	Why this hazard can be left outNRI Not Applicable, no declaration and no Storm Events record since 1996	Storm Events coverage note
1	Earthquake	Very High	Very High	$843,220,359	n/a	$508,406,155	$1,351,626,513			Storm Events does not record earthquakes.
2	Inland Flooding	Very High	Very High	$489,055,059	$352,602	$1,141,465	$490,549,126	179
3	Heat Wave	Relatively High	Relatively High	$2,399	$17,587	$13,348,602	$13,368,588	25
4	Wildfire	Relatively High	Relatively High	$10,950,041	$494	$602,081	$11,552,616	14
5	Landslide	Relatively High	Relatively High	$1,772,374	n/a	$3,895,389	$5,667,764	22
6	Coastal Flooding	Relatively High	Relatively High	$4,604,058	n/a	$1,113	$4,605,171	4
7	Tsunami	Relatively Low	Relatively Low	$3,071,360	n/a	$0	$3,071,360	1
8	Tornado	Relatively Moderate	Relatively Moderate	$1,889,933	$391	$539,850	$2,430,174	0		Declared 1 time; no Storm Events record of this type.
9	Drought	Relatively Moderate	Relatively Moderate	n/a	$1,439,944	n/a	$1,439,944	0		Declared 1 time; no Storm Events record of this type.
10	Lightning	Relatively Low	Relatively Low	$20,143	n/a	$214,525	$234,668	2
11	Hail	Relatively Low	Relatively Low	$165,126	$147	$1,530	$166,803	20
12	Strong Wind	Very Low	Very Low	$44,723	$10	$49,222	$93,955	190		Includes 69 High Wind and 118 Strong Wind records (NOAA non-thunderstorm wind types, outside NRI's Strong Wind definition).
13	Winter Weather	Very Low	Very Low	$1,324	under $1	$1,961	$3,285	5
14	Volcanic Activity	Very Low	Very Low	$1	n/a	$346	$348	0		No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).
15	Avalanche	Very Low	Very Low	$0	n/a	$4	$4	0		No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).
16	Cold Wave	No Rating	No Expected Annual Losses	$0	$0	$0	$0	4		Includes 3 Frost/Freeze records (outside NRI's Cold Wave definition; counted in this table and in B1-d, not in the B1-e descriptor).
	Hurricane	Not Applicable	Not Applicable					0	NRI rates hurricane Not Applicable for this county, and no counted federal declaration for this county names it (EM-3248-CA names it but is not counted as a local occurrence; see B1-d).	No recorded events in Storm Events since 1996 (data through 2026-06-30).
	Ice Storm	Not Applicable	Not Applicable					0		Declared 1 time; no Storm Events record of this type.

Total = buildings + agriculture + population equivalence; FEMA values each expected death (or 10 injuries) at $13.7 million (2024 dollars).

NRI risk rating combines expected annual loss with social vulnerability and community resilience; EAL rating rates expected annual loss alone. Both compare this county with all U.S. counties.

Local data needed: state and local volcanic activity records (Storm Events records this hazard only in part).

The state hazard mitigation plan also lists hazards for this county; FEMA asks the plan to explain any hazard it leaves out.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-b: hazard location

Affects the whole county (national data give no location within it): Cold Wave, Drought, Hail, Heat Wave, Ice Storm, Lightning, Strong Wind and Winter Weather.

Coastal Flooding and Inland Flooding: The FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) is the required location source for flooding. See the FEMA Flood Map Service Center (https://msc.fema.gov) for this county.

Hazards that vary within the county: highest-rated census tracts

Source: 5

Hazard	Highest-rated census tractsNRI risk rating, score 0 to 100
Avalanche	tract 4507.01 (Very Low, 2.0); tract 4511.04 (Very Low, 1.6)
Earthquake	tract 4371.01 (Very High, 100.0); tract 9821 (Very High, 100.0); tract 4029 (Very High, 100.0)
Hurricane	no tract has a National Risk Index rating for this hazard
Landslide	tract 4507.01 (Very High, 100.0); tract 4511.04 (Very High, 99.9); tract 4351.03 (Relatively High, 99.9)
Tornado	tract 4415.03 (Relatively Low, 41.6); tract 4371.01 (Relatively Low, 36.8); tract 4507.01 (Relatively Low, 31.7)
Tsunami	tract 4287 (Relatively Moderate, 90.0); tract 4017 (Relatively Moderate, 87.7); tract 4273 (Relatively Moderate, 85.1)
Volcanic Activity	tract 4516.02 (Very Low, 80.0); tract 4512.01 (Very Low, 80.0); tract 4515.03 (Very Low, 79.3)
Wildfire	tract 4351.03 (Very High, 99.2); tract 4507.01 (Very High, 99.1); tract 4511.04 (Very High, 99.1)

Up to 3 census tracts per hazard, highest National Risk Index rating first, then highest score; a tract number is the Census tract number (for example 4507.01 is Census Tract 4507.01). FEMA's Resilience Analysis and Planning Tool maps the National Risk Index for every tract: https://www.fema.gov/emergency-managers/practitioners/resilience-analysis-and-planning-tool

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-c: hazard extent

Extent: scale, observed range and worst recorded event per hazard

Sources: 6, 7

Hazard	Scale	Recordscount and years	Observed range	Worst recorded event	Most damaging (when different)	How it applies to jurisdictions	Note
Avalanche	none (count and damage only)	0
Coastal Flood, Storm Surge/Tide	none in data (flood depth: FIRM)	4 records, 2020 to 2026 (4 zone-level)		No damage reported in 4 records.		Countywide (zone-level records).	Flood depth: see the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map.
Cold/Wind Chill, Extreme Cold/Wind Chill	wind chill	1 record, 2022 (1 zone-level)	1 day; 1 with a recorded value	1 consecutive day, 2022-12-02, 1 direct death, zone-level		Countywide (zone-level records).
Frost/Freeze (outside NRI's Cold Wave definition)	crop damage	3 records, 2007 to 2021 (3 zone-level)		Frost/Freeze, 2007-01-06, $400,000 crop damage (2007 dollars); NWS zone CAZ508		Countywide (zone-level records).
Drought	U.S. Drought Monitor scale (D0 to D4)	0					Storm Events enters a drought at D2 or worse east of the Rockies and D3 or worse from the Rockies west (NWS Instruction 10-1605); NRI drought counts D3 and D4 only.
Earthquake	Modified Mercalli (local data)	0					Storm Events does not record earthquakes; the USGS earthquake catalog is the source.
Hail	hail size (inches)	20 records, 1999 to 2024	0.25 in to 0.75 in (median 0.25 in); 19 with a recorded value	0.75 in hail, 1999-02-09	Hail, 2017-01-19, $5,000,000 property; crops not reported (2017 dollars)	Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Oakland city (7 records), Berkeley city (4 records), Dublin city (4 records), Pleasanton city (3 records), Piedmont city (2 records).
Excessive Heat, Heat	heat index (in event narratives)	25 records, 2006 to 2026 (25 zone-level)	1 day to 7 days (median 1 day); 17 with a recorded value	7 consecutive days, 2022-09-04 to 2022-09-10, zone-level	Heat, 2009-05-17, $20,000 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2009 dollars)	Countywide (zone-level records).	Heat records from November to March (unseasonable warmth, not a heat wave) are counted but not used for the longest run.
Hurricane, Tropical Storm, Tropical Depression	Saffir-Simpson	0					Storm Events files every zone of a storm's episode under the storm's type; flooding from the storm is filed as Flood or Flash Flood records.
Ice Storm	Sperry-Piltz ice scale (local data)	0
Flash Flood, Flood, Lakeshore Flood	damage and flood days (flood depth: FIRM)	179 records, 1996 to 2026		Flood, 2006-01-01, $8,800,000 property; crops not reported (2006 dollars)		Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Emeryville city (37 records), Piedmont city (20 records), Alameda city (16 records), Oakland city (7 records), Albany city (5 records), Pleasanton city (4 records), Livermore city (3 records), Berkeley city (1 record), Dublin city (1 record), Fremont city (1 record); and 2 more jurisdictions (see the Excel file).	Flood depth: see the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map. Storm Events damage is often $0 or blank for floods, major ones included; FEMA Public Assistance by declaration (B1-d) shows which floods cost the most.
Debris Flow	none (count and damage only)	22 records, 2006 to 2023 (7 zone-level)		Debris Flow, 2006-04-06, $11,000,000 property; crops not reported (2006 dollars); NWS zone CAZ510		Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Livermore city (1 record), Piedmont city (1 record). Zone-level records (7) apply countywide.
Lightning	annualized frequency (the measure FEMA's Local Mitigation Planning Handbook names)	2 records, 2011 to 2020		Lightning, 2011-10-06, $3,000 property; $0 crops (2011 dollars)		Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Albany city (1 record).	Storm Events lists lightning with damage or casualties.
High Wind and Strong Wind (outside NRI's Strong Wind definition)	wind speed (kt and mph)	187 records, 2005 to 2026 (187 zone-level)	22 kt (25 mph) to 96 kt (110 mph) (median 43 kt (49 mph)); 183 with a recorded value	96 kt (110 mph) measured gust, High Wind, 2008-01-04; NWS zone CAZ511	High Wind, 2009-10-13, $2,500,000 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2009 dollars)	Countywide (zone-level records).	Speeds under 20 kt (likely entry errors) are left out of the observed range.
Thunderstorm Wind	wind speed (kt and mph)	7 records, 1964 to 2024	38 kt (44 mph) to 62 kt (71 mph) (median 47 kt (54 mph)); 4 with a recorded value	62 kt (71 mph), measurement type not recorded, Thunderstorm Wind, 1964-12-28	Thunderstorm Wind, 2017-04-07, $10,000 property; $0 crops (2017 dollars)	Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Fremont city (1 record).
Tornado	Enhanced Fujita (Fujita before Feb 2007)	3 records, 1982 to 1994	F/EF0; 3 with a recorded value	F0 tornado, 1994-04-25, 0.75 mi path length (whole path, pre-1996), 30 yd wide, $50,000 property; crops not recorded (1994 dollars)		Event records naming jurisdictions in the plan: Livermore city (1 record).	Before 1996 a tornado is listed once, under the county where it began, with its whole path's rating and length; from 1996 on, each county lists its own segment. Length is not used to rank tornadoes (see Methods).
Tsunami	none (count and damage only)	1 record, 2011 (1 zone-level)		Tsunami, 2011-03-11, $50,000 property; $0 crops (2011 dollars); NWS zone CAZ508		Countywide (zone-level records).
Volcanic Ash, Volcanic Ashfall	Volcanic Explosivity Index (local data)	0
Wildfire	acres burned (local data)	14 records, 2019 to 2025 (14 zone-level)		Wildfire, 2019-08-07, $5,000 property; $0 crops (2019 dollars); NWS zone CAZ510		Countywide (zone-level records).
Winter Storm, Heavy Snow, Blizzard, Lake-Effect Snow, Winter Weather, Sleet	none in data (snowfall: local data)	5 records, 2009 to 2020 (5 zone-level)		No damage reported in 5 records.		Countywide (zone-level records).

Where a hazard names more than 10 jurisdictions, the table lists the 10 with the most records; every one is in the Excel file, sheet "B1-c Extent".

In event narratives only (local data needed): wind chill, temperature, heat index, ice thickness, acres burned and snow depth; any physical measure of avalanche, debris flow, lightning, tsunami and volcanic ash, volcanic ashfall.

Storm Events records are more complete after 1996; before 1996 only Tornado (from 1950), Hail and Thunderstorm Wind (from 1955) exist. Zone-level records from zones that no NWS zone-county file places in this county (mostly before 2020) are not counted here (the Methods page explains the zone matching).

Dollars are nominal (as reported), labeled with the year; not adjusted for inflation.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-d: previous occurrences

Federal declarations for this county: 24 declarations covering 20 separate hazard incidents counted in this packet (declarations for the same incident count once; non-natural and evacuation-only declarations are not counted).

Federal disaster declarations for this county

Sources: 1, 2, 3

Declared	Incident began	FEMA number	Type	Title	Mapped hazard	County Public Assistancefederal share obligated, nominal dollars	Flags	Notes
2023-04-03	2023-02-21	DR-4699-CA	Major disaster	Severe Winter Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Flooding, Landslides, and Mudslides	Ice Storm; Inland Flooding; Landslide; Strong Wind; Winter Weather	$3,149,041.26	new since last plan; within last 5 years
2023-01-14	2022-12-27	DR-4683-CA	Major disaster	Severe Winter Storms, Flooding, Landslides, and Mudslides	Inland Flooding (primary); also designated: Landslide, Winter Weather	$25,452,417.03	new since last plan; within last 5 years
2023-01-09	2023-01-08	EM-3591-CA	Emergency	Severe Winter Storms, Flooding, and Mudslides	Inland Flooding (primary); also designated: Landslide, Winter Weather	no Public Assistance recorded	new since last plan; within last 5 years	same incident as DR-4683
2020-03-22	2020-01-20	DR-4482-CA	Major disaster	COVID-19 Pandemic	Non-natural, not counted	$89,320,389.27
2020-03-13	2020-01-20	EM-3428-CA	Emergency	COVID-19	Non-natural, not counted	no Public Assistance recorded		same incident as DR-4482
2017-04-01	2017-02-01	DR-4308-CA	Major disaster	Severe Winter Storms, Flooding, and Mudslides	Inland Flooding (primary); also designated: Landslide, Winter Weather	$8,561,698.29
2017-03-16	2017-01-18	DR-4305-CA	Major disaster	Severe Winter Storms, Flooding, and Mudslides	Inland Flooding (primary); also designated: Landslide, Winter Weather	$264,899.90
2017-02-14	2017-01-03	DR-4301-CA	Major disaster	Severe Winter Storms, Flooding, and Mudslides	Inland Flooding; Landslide; Winter Weather	$9,073,082.43
2006-06-05	2006-03-29	DR-1646-CA	Major disaster	Severe Storms, Flooding, Landslides, and Mudslides	Inland Flooding; Landslide	$5,383,252.22
2006-02-03	2005-12-17	DR-1628-CA	Major disaster	Severe Storms, Flooding, Mudslides, and Landslides	Inland Flooding; Landslide	$6,567,473.61
2005-09-13	2005-08-29	EM-3248-CA	Emergency	Hurricane Katrina Evacuation	Hurricane: evacuation support, not a local hazard event; not counted	$112,837.06
1998-02-09	1998-02-02	DR-1203-CA	Major disaster	Severe Winter Storms and Flooding	Inland Flooding; Winter Weather	no Public Assistance recorded
1997-01-04	1996-12-28	DR-1155-CA	Major disaster	Severe Storms, Flooding, Mud and Landslides	Inland Flooding; Landslide	no Public Assistance recorded
1995-03-12	1995-02-13	DR-1046-CA	Major disaster	Severe Winter Storms, Flooding Landslides, Mud Flow	Inland Flooding; Landslide; Winter Weather	no Public Assistance recorded
1995-01-10	1995-01-03	DR-1044-CA	Major disaster	Severe Winter Storms, Flooding, Landslides, Mud Flows	Inland Flooding; Landslide; Winter Weather	no Public Assistance recorded
1991-10-22	1991-10-20	DR-919-CA	Major disaster	Oakland Hills Fire	Wildfire	no Public Assistance recorded
1991-02-11	1990-12-19	DR-894-CA	Major disaster	Severe Freeze	Cold Wave	PA not declared for this county
1989-10-18	1989-10-17	DR-845-CA	Major disaster	Loma Prieta Earthquake	Earthquake	no Public Assistance recorded
1986-02-21	1986-02-12	DR-758-CA	Major disaster	Severe Storms & Flooding	Inland Flooding	no Public Assistance recorded
1983-02-09	1983-01-21	DR-677-CA	Major disaster	Coastal Storms, Floods, Slides & Tornadoes	Coastal Flooding; Inland Flooding; Landslide; Tornado	no Public Assistance recorded
1982-01-07	1981-12-19	DR-651-CA	Major disaster	Severe Storms, Flood, Mudslides & High Tide	Inland Flooding (primary); also designated: Landslide	no Public Assistance recorded
1977-01-20	1977-01-20	EM-3023-CA	Emergency	Drought	Drought	no Public Assistance recorded
1970-09-29	1970-09-29	DR-295-CA	Major disaster	Forest & Brush Fires	Wildfire	no Public Assistance recorded
1970-02-16	1970-02-16	DR-283-CA	Major disaster	Severe Storms & Flooding	Inland Flooding	no Public Assistance recorded

School districts and special districts in this county: $8,447,351.17 (included in the county total above). Public Assistance matched by applicant name to the school districts and special districts FEMA lists as plan participants in this county. They have no row of their own in the jurisdiction table, so their total is listed here. These dollars are already included in the county PA column of the declarations table (the FEMA record places each applicant in this county), so this line is not added to it.

County Public Assistance: applicants the FEMA record places in this county, including any state agencies FEMA files there; statewide rows are listed on the state page; federal share obligated, nominal dollars.

Statewide declarations

Source: 2

Declared	Incident began	FEMA number	Type	Title	Mapped hazard
1964-04-01	1964-04-01	DR-169-CA	Major disaster	Seismic Sea Wave	Tsunami
1963-12-21	1963-12-21	DR-161-CA	Major disaster	Flood Due to Broken Dam	Other, not an NRI hazard; not counted
1963-02-25	1963-02-25	DR-145-CA	Major disaster	Severe Storms, Heavy Rains & Flooding	Inland Flooding
1962-10-24	1962-10-24	DR-138-CA	Major disaster	Severe Storms & Flooding	Inland Flooding
1962-03-06	1962-03-06	DR-122-CA	Major disaster	Floods	Inland Flooding
1961-11-16	1961-11-16	DR-119-CA	Major disaster	Fire (Los Angeles County)	Wildfire
1958-04-04	1958-04-04	DR-82-CA	Major disaster	Heavy Rainstorms & Flood	Inland Flooding
1956-12-29	1956-12-29	DR-65-CA	Major disaster	Forest Fire	Wildfire
1955-12-23	1955-12-23	DR-47-CA	Major disaster	Flood	Inland Flooding
1954-02-05	1954-02-05	DR-15-CA	Major disaster	Flood & Erosion	Inland Flooding

FEMA recorded these with designated area Statewide and no county, so they are listed on every county page in the state and not counted with county rows. Local data needed: whether each one affected this county.

5 Fire Management declarations (1977-08-07 to 1988-09-13) FEMA filed as Statewide with no county; each names one local fire. Listed on the state page.

Public Assistance filed under this county for declarations that do not list it: 2 rows, $2,604,006.71

Sources: 2, 3

FEMA number	Declared	Title	Applicant	PA obligatedfederal share obligated, nominal dollars
DR-4158-CA	2013-12-13	Rim Fire	Berkeley, City of	$559,848.71
DR-1529-CA	2004-06-30	Flooding As a Result of a Levee Break	East Bay Municipal Utility District	$2,044,158

FEMA's Public Assistance summaries file these applicants under this county, but FEMA's declaration rows for these disasters do not designate it (an electric cooperative or district serving several counties, for example). Not in any declaration row above and not counted.

Previous occurrences by hazard, with explicit no-event rows

Sources: 2, 6, 7

Hazard	Storm Events records, all years on file(years in the Period column)	Since plan approvalrecords	In the 12 months before plan approvalrecords	Last 5 yearsrecords	Declared incidents, all yearsseparate disasters	Declared since approvalseparate disasters	Period	Statement
Avalanche	0	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Coastal Flooding	4	1	0	1	1	0	1996 to 2026-06-30
Cold Wave	4	1	0	1	1	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	Includes 3 Frost/Freeze records.
Drought	0	0	0	0	1	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	No Storm Events records of this type; 1 federal declared incident (see declarations table)
Earthquake	0	0	0	0	1	0		Storm Events does not record earthquakes; the USGS earthquake catalog is the source.
Hail	20	1	1	1	0	0	1955 to 2026-06-30
Heat Wave	25	9	3	9	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30
Hurricane	0	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Ice Storm	0	0	0	0	1	1	1996 to 2026-06-30	No Storm Events records of this type; 1 federal declared incident (see declarations table)
Inland Flooding	179	55	2	57	15	2	1996 to 2026-06-30
Landslide	22	1	0	1	12	2	1996 to 2026-06-30
Lightning	2	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30
Strong Wind	194	27	7	28	1	1	1955 to 2026-06-30	Includes 69 High Wind and 118 Strong Wind records.
Tornado	3	0	0	0	1	0	1950 to 2026-06-30
Tsunami	1	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30
Volcanic Activity	0	0	0	0	0	0	1996 to 2026-06-30	No recorded events, 1996 to 2026-06-30, NOAA NCEI Storm Events
Wildfire	14	2	1	2	2	0	1996 to 2026-06-30
Winter Weather	5	0	0	0	8	2	1996 to 2026-06-30

Notable Storm Events records

Sources: 1, 6, 7

Date	Event type	Magnitude or extent	Damagenominal dollars	Deaths, injuriesdirect only	Location	Flags	Why listed
2023-03-21	Strong Wind	35 kt (40 mph) estimated gust	$10 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2023 dollars)	1, 1	NWS zone CAZ510 (EAST BAY INTERIOR VALLEYS), zone-level	new since last plan; within last 5 years	deaths or injuries recorded
2023-03-10	Flood		$0 property; $0 crops (2023 dollars)	1, 1	ELMHURST	new since last plan; within last 5 years	deaths or injuries recorded
2022-09-04	Heat		$0 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2022 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone CAZ508 (SAN FRANCISCO BAY SHORELINE), zone-level	new since last plan; within last 5 years	B1-c worst recorded: Excessive Heat, Heat
2019-08-07	Wildfire		$5,000 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2019 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone CAZ510 (EAST BAY INTERIOR VALLEYS), zone-level		B1-c worst recorded: Wildfire
2012-03-15	Strong Wind	35 kt (40 mph) estimated gust	$12,500 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2012 dollars)	1, 4	NWS zone CAZ508 (SAN FRANCISCO BAY SHORELINE), zone-level		deaths or injuries recorded
2011-10-06	Lightning		$3,000 property; $0 crops (2011 dollars)	0, 0	ALBANY		B1-c worst recorded: Lightning
2011-03-11	Tsunami		$50,000 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2011 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone CAZ508 (SAN FRANCISCO BAY SHORELINE), zone-level		B1-c worst recorded: Tsunami
2008-01-04	High Wind	96 kt (110 mph) measured gust	$0 property; $0 crops (zone total, 2008 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone CAZ511 (EAST BAY HILLS AND THE DIABLO RANGE), zone-level		B1-c worst recorded: High Wind and Strong Wind
2006-04-06	Debris Flow		$11,000,000 property; crops not reported (zone total, 2006 dollars)	0, 0	NWS zone CAZ510 (EAST BAY INTERIOR VALLEYS), zone-level		B1-c worst recorded: Debris Flow
2006-01-01	Flood		$8,800,000 property; crops not reported (2006 dollars)	0, 0	COUNTYWIDE		B1-c worst recorded: Flash Flood, Flood, Lakeshore Flood
1999-02-09	Hail	0.75 in	damage not reported	0, 0	OAKLAND		B1-c worst recorded: Hail
1994-04-25	Tornado	F0, 0.75 mi path length (whole path, pre-1996), 30 yd wide	$50,000 property; crops not recorded (1994 dollars)	0, 0	Livermore		B1-c worst recorded: Tornado

The full list is in the Excel file, sheet "B1-d Storm Events history" (473 rows).

Location is the place NOAA recorded, as written in its data; it need not be a jurisdiction in this plan.

Local data needed: state-declared emergencies, from your state emergency management agency (federal data do not include them).

Tribal and special-area declarations in this state are listed on the state page.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-e: probability of future events

Probability: FEMA annualized frequency and descriptor per hazard

Sources: 5, 6

Hazard	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)unit per row	Unit	In plain terms	Descriptor	Descriptor basis	NRI events or days in its record period (hail, wind and tornado are area-weighted, so can be fractional)	NRI period	Location	Note
Avalanche	0.01	events per year	about 1 in 100 years	Possible	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	0	1994 to 2023 (30 years)	see B1-f	0.01 is NRI's minimum avalanche frequency for a county in an avalanche susceptibility zone; NRI records no avalanche here, so the descriptor reflects the floor, not local events.
Coastal Flooding	0.977	events per year at a location (modeled)	about 0.98 per year at a given location in the county	Possible	Storm Events records in 2 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (6.67%)	not shown	modeled	see B1-f
Cold Wave	0	event-days per year	none modeled	Possible	Storm Events event-days in 1 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (3.33%)	0	2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years)	countywide	NRI models no cold wave event-days here (2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12, 19 years); Storm Events has a record in 1 of 30 years. The descriptor comes from Storm Events, which records events NRI's definition leaves out.
Drought	58.4	event-days per year	about 58.4 days per year		Storm Events event-days in 0 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (0%)	2,338	2000 to 2025 (25.25 years; D3 and D4 only)	countywide	No Storm Events drought record, 1996 to 2025
Earthquake	0.139	annual probability at a location	chance a given location in the county has at least minor-damage shaking in a year: 13.9%			not shown	modeled	see B1-f	No descriptor (Storm Events does not record earthquakes).
Hail	0.0404	events per year	about 1 in 25 years	Possible	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	1.6 (modeled)	1986 to 2023 (38 years)	countywide
Heat Wave	7.1	event-days per year	about 7.1 days per year	Likely	Storm Events event-days in 8 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (26.7%)	84.8	2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years)	countywide
Hurricane		events per year					1851 to 2024 (Atlantic); 1949 to 2024 (Pacific)	see B1-f	Not Applicable in NRI for this county; no descriptor.
Ice Storm		event-days per year					1946-12-31 to 2014-02-12 (67 years)	countywide	Not Applicable in NRI for this county; no descriptor.
Inland Flooding	2.25	event-days per year	about 2.25 days per year	Likely	Storm Events event-days in 22 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (73.3%)	63	1996 to 2023 (28 years)	see B1-f
Landslide	24.6	events per year (modeled)	about 24.6 per year	Highly likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	not shown	modeled	see B1-f
Lightning	4.5	days per year with a strike	about 4.5 days per year	Highly likely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	not shown	1995 to 2023 (29 years; CONUS)	countywide
Strong Wind	0.0408	events per year	about 1 in 24 years	Possible	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	2	1986 to 2023 (38 years)	countywide
Tornado	0.0891	events per year	about 1 in 11 years	Possible	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	not shown	1950 to 2023 (EF2+); 1986 to 2023 (EF0-1)	see B1-f
Tsunami	0.342	annual probability at the most exposed location (used in place of a county value)	chance at the county's most exposed location in a year: 34.2%	Possible	Storm Events records in 1 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (3.33%)	not shown	modeled	see B1-f
Volcanic Activity	0.0003	annual probability	about 1 in 3,333 years	Unlikely	FEMA annualized frequency (modeled)	not shown	modeled	see B1-f
Wildfire	0.00579	annual probability at a location	chance a given location in the county burns in a year: 0.579%	Likely	Storm Events records in 5 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (16.7%)	not shown	modeled	see B1-f
Winter Weather	0.691	event-days per year	about 0.691 days per year	Likely	Storm Events event-days in 3 of 30 years, 1996 to 2025 (10%)	11.9	2005-11-12 to 2024-11-12 (19 years)	countywide

FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) is the National Risk Index v1.20 (December 2025) estimate of how often a hazard affects this county in a year; it is not recorded events divided by years, and its unit differs by hazard (events, event-days, or days with a lightning strike per year). For earthquake, wildfire, coastal flooding and tsunami the value is the chance (or number of events) at a location in the county, not across the county, so no "1 in N years" is given and the descriptor comes from Storm Events where it has a record (none for earthquake). The Methods page gives each hazard's method, from FEMA's National Risk Index Technical Documentation v1.20.

Where NRI gives event-days, the descriptor comes from the share of years with a Storm Events record; NRI's source records more events, so the two differ.

Descriptor scale used in this packet (defined per unit)

Sources: 5, 6

Unit	Descriptor	Definition
events per year	Highly likely	1 or more per year
events per year	Likely	about once in 1 to 10 years
events per year	Possible	about once in 10 to 100 years
events per year	Unlikely	less than once in 100 years
annual probability	Likely	10% to under 100% chance in a given year
annual probability	Possible	1% to under 10% chance in a given year
annual probability	Unlikely	under 1% chance in a given year
event-days (share of years)	Highly likely	event-days recorded in 90% or more of years
event-days (share of years)	Likely	event-days recorded in 10% to under 90% of years
event-days (share of years)	Possible	event-days recorded in some years but under 10% of years
lightning strike-days	Highly likely	cloud-to-ground strikes on 1 or more days per year

Intensity bands: historical frequency (Storm Events)

Source: 6

Hazard	Band	Years	Eventscounty-coded records	Years in period	Events per yearevents / years
Hail	1.00-1.99 in	1996 to 2025	0	30	0
Hail	2.00 in+	1996 to 2025	0	30	0
Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind)	50-64 kt	1996 to 2025	1	30	0.0333
Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind)	65 kt+	1996 to 2025	0	30	0
Thunderstorm Wind (counted as NRI Strong Wind)	unmeasured or below 50 kt	1996 to 2025	2	30	0.0667
Tornado	EF0-1	1996 to 2025	0	30	0
Tornado	EF2-3	1996 to 2025	0	30	0
Tornado	EF4-5	1996 to 2025	0	30	0
Tornado	unrated (EFU)	1996 to 2025	0	30	0

The bands show how often events of each severity were recorded in this county, to profile how severe events have been (FEMA's probability item asks for the range of intensities).

Hail smaller than 1 inch is not counted: on 2010-01-05 the National Weather Service raised its severe-hail threshold from 3/4 inch to 1 inch, so smaller reports became less common after 2009 (NWS Service Change Notice 09-52). NRI hail frequency uses a 0.75 inch threshold.

Optional: future conditions. Not a required item in the 2025 FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Policy Guide; some states ask for it. The federal Climate Mapping for Resilience and Adaptation (CMRA) site gives county exposure to future climate conditions (https://resilience.climate.gov/).

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-f: hazards that vary across jurisdictions

Range of census tract risk within the county

Source: 5

Hazard	Tractsrated of all	NRI risk score, 0 to 100			Tracts by rating
Hazard	Tractsrated of all	Min	Median	Max	Tracts by rating
Avalanche	2 of 378	1.6	1.8	2.0	Very Low 2, Not Applicable 376
Coastal Flooding	60 of 378	69.6	86.9	99.0	Relatively High 10, Relatively Moderate 15, Relatively Low 24, Very Low 11, No Rating 318
Cold Wave	0 of 378				No Rating 378
Drought	59 of 378	69.7	80.1	98.6	Relatively High 1, Relatively Moderate 5, Relatively Low 28, Very Low 25, No Rating 319
Earthquake	378 of 378	80.8	97.5	100.0	Very High 196, Relatively High 174, Relatively Moderate 8
Hail	378 of 378	0.9	8.0	37.5	Relatively Low 1, Very Low 377
Heat Wave	378 of 378	1.7	39.4	82.5	Relatively Moderate 69, Relatively Low 292, Very Low 17
Hurricane	0 of 378				Not Applicable 378
Ice Storm	0 of 378				Not Applicable 378
Inland Flooding	378 of 378	0.4	68.5	99.8	Very High 39, Relatively High 102, Relatively Moderate 136, Relatively Low 86, Very Low 15
Landslide	349 of 378	8.8	57.5	100.0	Very High 2, Relatively High 13, Relatively Moderate 28, Relatively Low 44, Very Low 262, No Rating 29
Lightning	378 of 378	0.1	2.4	13.9	Very Low 378
Strong Wind	378 of 378	0.2	2.7	9.6	Very Low 378
Tornado	378 of 378	0.7	11.1	41.6	Relatively Low 9, Very Low 369
Tsunami	55 of 378	12.6	42.5	90.0	Relatively Moderate 4, Relatively Low 20, Very Low 31, Not Applicable 323
Volcanic Activity	303 of 378	40.6	59.4	80.0	Very Low 303, No Rating 75
Wildfire	184 of 378	18.6	44.9	99.2	Very High 3, Relatively High 9, Relatively Moderate 19, Relatively Low 20, Very Low 133, No Rating 194
Winter Weather	27 of 378	10.5	15.2	23.2	Relatively Low 5, Very Low 22, No Rating 351

Drought: Agriculture is all of NRI's expected annual loss for this hazard in the county, so the tract range mostly reflects where crop and livestock value is.

Rated tracts only: No Rating (score 0.0), Not Applicable and Insufficient Data tracts are counted but not used for the minimum, median and maximum.

The score ranks a tract against all U.S. tracts (100 = highest). The rating is FEMA's category for the tract's risk value, computed differently, so the two can disagree.

Frequency data for drought, hail, heat wave, lightning, strong wind and winter weather are county-wide or coarse (49 km grid or NWS zone), the same for every jurisdiction; the tract range mostly reflects where buildings and people are (crop and livestock value where a line above names agriculture).

Each jurisdiction (starting figures from federal data)

Sources: 1, 3, 4, 6

Jurisdiction	Type	Plan status	Repetitive lossFMA RL and SRL (44 CFR 77.2); repeat-flood, any definition	Public Assistance to this jurisdictionFEMA records matched by applicant name; federal share obligated, nominal dollars	Event records naming this placeall years; since its plan	Notes
Alameda County	County	Approved, expires 2027-03-10	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 1	$42,666,796.89	0 total; 0 since its plan	Includes $32,904,474.48 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4482-CA, EM-3248-CA).
Alameda city	City	No approved plan on record. Approvable pending adoption, not yet eligible	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 1	$580,481.46	16 total; no approved plan	Includes $182,383.46 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4482-CA).
Albany city	City	No approved plan on record. Approvable pending adoption, not yet eligible	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	no Public Assistance recorded	6 total; no approved plan
Berkeley city	City	Approved, expires 2030-04-14	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$1,521,575.19	5 total; 0 since its plan	Includes $409,287.28 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4482-CA, EM-3248-CA).
Dublin city	City	Approved, expires 2029-03-21	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$226,253.02	5 total; 0 since its plan
Emeryville city	City	Approved, expires 2030-10-14	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$191,545.29	37 total; 3 since its plan
Fremont city	City	Approved, expires 2029-08-22	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$4,602,143	2 total; 0 since its plan	Includes $967,077.22 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4482-CA).
Hayward city	City	Approved, expires 2028-04-10	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$246,002.78	1 total; 0 since its plan
Livermore city	City	Approved, expires 2029-03-21	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$4,971,434.28	5 total; 0 since its plan
Newark city	City	Approved, expires 2029-08-22	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$127,052.72	0 total; 0 since its plan
Oakland city	City	Approved, expires 2031-06-10	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 8	$31,698,466.64	14 total; 0 since its plan	Includes $21,519,785.18 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4482-CA).
Piedmont city	City	Approved, expires 2031-03-04	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 1	no Public Assistance recorded	23 total; 0 since its plan
Pleasanton city	City	Approved, expires 2029-03-21	FMA RL 0, SRL 1; any 1	$2,759,424.88	7 total; 0 since its plan	Includes $439,261.97 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4482-CA).
San Leandro city	City	No approved plan on record	FMA RL 0, SRL 0; any 0	$1,523,655.27	1 total; no approved plan	Includes $325,740.79 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4482-CA).
Union City city	City	Approved, expires 2029-08-22	FMA RL 0, SRL 1; any 1	$242,585.30	0 total; 0 since its plan	Includes $126,838.17 for declarations not counted as hazard incidents (DR-4482-CA).

Repetitive-loss counts are for whole NFIP communities, which can extend beyond this county (see the note in B2-c).

School districts and special districts get a plan clock row only.

County Public Assistance in B1-d also includes applicants filed under the county that are not jurisdictions in this plan (for example state agencies, special districts and nonprofits), so the jurisdiction rows add up to less.

Supports FEMA checklist items B2-a and B2-b: vulnerability and potential impacts

Local data needed

The table below gives county-level starting figures; the plan describes impacts for each jurisdiction and its own assets.

Critical facilities and lifelines per hazard
A problem statement per jurisdiction per hazard
Changes in development in hazard-prone areas since the last approval, or a statement of none (E1-a)
Future assets

County-level starter: exposure, expected annual loss and damage since the plan

Sources: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7

Hazard	Building exposuremodeled dollars	Agriculture exposuremodeled dollars	Population exposedpeople	EAL buildingsmodeled dollars per year	EAL agriculturemodeled dollars per year	Cost of expected deaths and injuriesFEMA's dollar value per year, not property damage	EAL as % of exposurebuildings; agriculture where noted	Storm Events damage since 2022-03-11county-coded records, property plus crops, nominal dollars	Zone-level damage since planproperty plus crops, reported for the zone	Public Assistance since plannominal dollars; see note	Note
Avalanche	$0	n/a	under 1	$0	n/a	$4					building exposure is 0 in NRI
Coastal Flooding	$43,849,516,405	n/a	167,250	$4,604,058	n/a	$1,113	0.0105%		$0
Cold Wave	$0	$0	0	$0	$0	$0			$0		building exposure is 0 in NRI
Drought	n/a	$34,586,181	n/a	n/a	$1,439,944	n/a	4.16% (agriculture)				NRI has no building exposure for this hazard; agriculture shown
Earthquake	$649,369,644,621	n/a	1,682,353	$843,220,359	n/a	$508,406,155	0.13%
Hail	$373,356,820,346	$59,439,333	1,678,284	$165,126	$147	$1,530	under 0.0001%	$10
Heat Wave	$373,356,820,346	$59,439,333	1,678,284	$2,399	$17,587	$13,348,602	under 0.0001%		$0
Hurricane											Not Applicable in NRI for this county
Ice Storm										$3,149,041.26	Not Applicable in NRI for this county
Inland Flooding	$373,162,087,634	$10,816,668	33,958	$489,055,059	$352,602	$1,141,465	n/a (see note)	$150		$28,601,458.29	NRI counts the full building value of any census block with some flood loss; this is not the value of buildings in the floodplain. Use local FIRM overlays for B2-a/B2-b.
Landslide	$18,762,686,353	n/a	67,798	$1,772,374	n/a	$3,895,389	0.00945%	$10		$28,601,458.29
Lightning	$373,356,820,346	n/a	1,678,284	$20,143	n/a	$214,525	under 0.0001%
Strong Wind	$373,356,820,346	$59,439,333	1,678,284	$44,723	$10	$49,222	under 0.0001%	$0	$90	$3,149,041.26	Storm Events damage since the plan includes 9 zone-level Strong Wind records ($90): a NOAA non-thunderstorm wind type, outside NRI's Strong Wind definition.
Tornado	$373,356,820,346	$59,439,333	1,678,284	$1,889,933	$391	$539,850	0.000506%
Tsunami	$56,565,508,719	n/a	51,776	$3,071,360	n/a	$0	0.00543%
Volcanic Activity	$373,356,820,346	n/a	1,678,284	$1	n/a	$346	under 0.0001%
Wildfire	$11,045,411,169	$24,502,601	58,507	$10,950,041	$494	$602,081	0.0991%		$10
Winter Weather	$18,131,432,510	$8,939,031	43,690	$1,324	under $1	$1,961	under 0.0001%			$28,601,458.29

Totals since 2022-03-11 (Storm Events through 2026-06-30): 58 county-coded records, 58 with a damage value recorded (including $0), $170; 39 zone-level records, 38 with a damage value recorded (including $0), $100 reported for the zone; Public Assistance: $28,601,458.29 on 3 counted declarations, 2 of them with Public Assistance.

FEMA does not split Public Assistance by hazard. A declaration mapped to several hazards is listed under each of them with its full amount, so the per-hazard column does not add up to the total; the unit total counts each declaration once.

NRI computes earthquake exposure on its own basis, so it exceeds the county building value in B2-a.

Supports FEMA checklist item B2-a: vulnerability (county context)

County context

Source: 5

Measure	Value
Population	1,678,284
Building value (total, not at risk)	$373,356,820,346
Agriculture value (total, not at risk)	$59,439,333
NRI risk rating (all hazards)	Very High
Expected annual loss, buildings and agriculture, all hazards	$1,356,608,076
Expected annual loss, population equivalence, all hazards (NRI values each statistical life at $13.7M; a modeled value of expected deaths and injuries, not property damage)	$528,202,243
Social vulnerability rating	Relatively Low
Community resilience rating	Very High
NRI version	December 2025

FEMA's all-hazard expected annual loss adds buildings, agriculture and population equivalence; this table gives the property part and the population-equivalence part as separate rows.

Social vulnerability: higher means people are more likely to be harmed and slower to recover. Community resilience: lower means the community is less able to recover. High social vulnerability and low resilience both raise the NRI risk rating.

Supports FEMA checklist item B2-c: repetitive loss properties

Repetitive loss in this county, both definitions

Sources: 1, 4

Definition	Properties	Severe repetitive loss	Properties
Repetitive loss, FMA definition (44 CFR 77.2)	0	Severe repetitive loss, FMA definition (44 CFR 77.2)	2
Repetitive loss, NFIP insurance definition	13	Severe repetitive loss, NFIP insurance definition	2

The state NFIP coordinator's list, the source FEMA's Handbook names, often uses the NFIP insurance definition (second row).

Repeat-flood properties: county and state-level rows

Sources: 1, 4

Scope	SRL, FMAproperties	RL, NFIPproperties	SRL, NFIPproperties	Any categoryproperties	Mitigatedproperties	Currently insuredproperties
County total	2	13	2	13	0	4
of which: Alameda County (unincorporated area)	0	1	0	1	0	0
of which: Alameda city	0	1	0	1	0	1
of which: Piedmont city	0	1	0	1	0	0
of which: Pleasanton city	1	1	1	1	0	0
of which: Union City city	1	1	1	1	0	0
of which: Oakland city	0	8	0	8	0	3
Statewide, no county in FEMA's file	1	3	0	4	1	0

The statewide row counts properties FEMA's file gives with no county in this state; they are listed for reference and are not in this county's counts.

Repeat-flood properties by jurisdiction in the plan (NFIP community)

Sources: 1, 4

Jurisdiction	NFIP community ID	SRL, FMAproperties	RL, NFIPproperties	SRL, NFIPproperties	Any categoryproperties	Currently insuredproperties
Alameda County	060001	0	1	0	1	0
Alameda city	060002	0	1	0	1	1
Albany city	060003	0	0	0	0	0
Berkeley city	060004	0	0	0	0	0
Dublin city	060705	0	0	0	0	0
Emeryville city	060005	0	0	0	0	0
Fremont city	065028	0	0	0	0	0
Hayward city	065033	0	0	0	0	0
Livermore city	060008	0	0	0	0	0
Newark city	060009	0	0	0	0	0
Oakland city	065048	0	8	0	8	3
Piedmont city	060011	0	1	0	1	0
Pleasanton city	060012	1	1	1	1	0
San Leandro city	060013	0	0	0	0	0
Union City city	060014	1	1	1	1	0

Counts by occupancy group for each jurisdiction are in the Excel file, sheet "B2-c Jurisdictions".

Jurisdiction rows are whole NFIP communities and need not add up to the county total: a community that extends into another county is counted in full on each jurisdiction row, while the county table counts only its part in this county.

County repeat-flood properties by occupancy group

Sources: 1, 4

Occupancy group	SRL, FMAproperties	RL, NFIPproperties	SRL, NFIPproperties	Any categoryproperties	Currently insuredproperties
single-family residential	1	11	1	11	4
2 to 4 unit residential	0	1	0	1	0
other residential	0	0	0	0	0
non-residential	1	1	1	1	0
not reported	0	0	0	0	0

FEMA's occupancy groups have no institutional class; institutional properties are counted in non-residential or other residential in the table by occupancy group.

FMA RL and FMA SRL are the Flood Mitigation Assistance definitions (44 CFR 77.2), the ones the FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Policy Guide cites. NFIP repetitive loss (the FEMA insurance definition) is 2 or more claims over $1,000 in 10 years, and a property can leave that group once it is mitigated. Also shown: NFIP severe repetitive loss, any category, mitigated and currently insured. The Methods page gives the OpenFEMA field details.

Counts are aggregates of FEMA's public NFIP Multiple Loss Properties file (FEMA's data date 2026-08-02; file version 2026-08-04). No property is identified. County assignment is FEMA's geocode.

In this county 0 properties are FMA repetitive loss but not NFIP repetitive loss, and 13 properties are NFIP repetitive loss but not FMA repetitive loss.

Exact counts; no count suppression.

Sources

Tables cite these sources by number. The full list, for the plan's bibliography (FEMA review item A4-a):

FEMA, OpenFEMA HazardMitigationPlanStatuses v1, version 2026-09-29T134039Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/HazardMitigationPlanStatuses (API)
FEMA, OpenFEMA DisasterDeclarationsSummaries v2, version 2026-09-29T162832Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v2/DisasterDeclarationsSummaries (API)
FEMA, OpenFEMA PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries v1, version 2026-09-29T150754Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/PublicAssistanceFundedProjectsSummaries (API)
FEMA, OpenFEMA NfipMultipleLossProperties v1, version 2026-08-04T164045Z, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v1/NfipMultipleLossProperties (API)
FEMA, FEMA National Risk Index 1.20.0 (December 2025), county and census tract tables, version 1.20.0, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_Counties.zip (download, 25 MB), https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/openfema/nri/v120/NRI_Table_CensusTracts.zip (download, 635 MB)
NOAA NCEI, NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, details files (csvfiles v1.0), version c20260918, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/swdi/stormevents/csvfiles/
NOAA National Weather Service, NWS county-public forecast zones correlation file, version bp03mr20 to bp16ap26 (11 files; newest bp16ap26), pulled 2026-09-30, https://www.weather.gov/gis/ZoneCounty
U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2024 Gazetteer, 2020 place by county, CT county-to-cousub crosswalk, version 2024-gazetteer, pulled 2026-09-30, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_counties_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_cousubs_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_place_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_unsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_elsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_Gaz_scsd_national.zip, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/reference/codes2020/national_place_by_county2020.txt, https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/reference/ct_change/ct_cou_to_cousub_crosswalk.xlsx (used to match place names and codes; no table prints its values)

What this packet is and what the plan adds

This packet is the federal data for the plan's risk assessment (the summary on page 1 says how it is organized); the plan and FEMA's review decide whether each item is met.

The plan adds what only the community has: local data on assets, critical facilities, development and each jurisdiction's impacts; local hazard history, including state-declared emergencies; the mitigation strategy; and adoption.

How the federal data are built: National Risk Index values are FEMA's model, not counts of events. Storm Events is more complete from 1996; zone-level records are placed by forecast zone, not by location in the county. Public Assistance for a jurisdiction is matched by applicant name. The Methods page gives every rule and the known edge cases.

OpenFEMA disclaimer

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

Reuse, citation and corrections

Reuse and citation: Hazard Plain text and tables are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); credit Hazard Plain and the release. The underlying federal data are public domain; OpenFEMA data are also subject to the OpenFEMA terms and conditions.

Cite this: Hazard Plain (2026). Alameda County, CA: risk-assessment baseline packet, release 2026-10 (data as of 2026-09-30; County FIPS 06001). Automated baseline. https://hazardplain.org/ca/06001/ Built from FEMA OpenFEMA, the FEMA National Risk Index and NOAA NCEI Storm Events; source versions in the packet's Sources list.

Corrections: to report an error, name the packet, the table and what your records show. Contact: [email protected]